Abstract: A creping adhesive for applying to a creping surface in the process for dry creping tissue and or towel paper is disclosed. The adhesive comprises a blend of at least two water-soluble cationic polyamide-epihalohydrin (PAE) resins. The first PAE resin has a mole ratio of epihalohydrin to secondary amine groups of the polyamine ranging from about 0.5:1.0 to about 1.8:1.0; and the second PAE resin has a mole ratio of epihalohydrin to secondary amine groups of the polyamine less than 0.5:1.0. The weight percent of the solids in the admixture or blend in an aqueous solution ranges from about 40% to about 0.01% solids, wherein the solids in this admixture are comprised of from about 0.1% to about 50.0% by weight of the first PAE resin and from about 99.9% to about 50.0% by weight of the second PAE resin. Varying the percentages of the two PAE resins in the creping adhesive can produce desired levels of adhesion and water resistance for given grades of tissue and/or towel paper products.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 28, 2000
Date of Patent:
August 21, 2001
Assignee:
Calgon Corporation
Inventors:
Sammy L. Archer, Robert E. Dristas, Ross T. Gray
Abstract: The invention comprises a borosilicate retention aid composition and a method for improving the production of paper by addition of the borosilicate. The borosilicate may be utilized in conjunction with a high molecular weight synthetic flocculant and/or starch, with or without the addition of a cationic coagulant. The borosilicate material is preferably a colloidal borosilicate. Methods for the preparation of the borosilicate material are disclosed.
Abstract: Stabilized bromine solutions are prepared by combining a bromine source and a stabilizer to form a mixture, adding an oxidizer to the mixture, and then adding, an alkaline source to adjust the pH of the mixture to at least 13.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 31, 1999
Date of Patent:
August 7, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Shunong Yang, William F. McCoy, Eric J. Allain, Eric R. Myers, Anthony W. Dallmier
Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a particulate high molecular weight water soluble anionic or nonionic polymer is prepared by polymerizing 0-7 mole percent of at least one anionic monomer and 100-93 mole percent of at least one non-ionic monomer under free radical forming conditions in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt at a pH greater than 5 in the presence of an anionic water soluble stabilizer polymer containing from about 1.25 to about 20 mole percent 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid.
Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of removing color bodies from paper mill waste water comprising adding to the water an effective color-removing amount of a hydrophilic cationic dispersion polymer prepared by polymerizing
i. a cationic diallyl-N,N-disubstituted ammonium monomer of formula
(H2C═CHCH2)2N+R1R2X−
wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1-C20 alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl and X is an anionic counterion and
ii. an acrylamide monomer of formula
wherein R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl; R5 is hydrogen or methyl and R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen or C1-C10 alkyl,
in an aqueous solution of a polyvalent anionic salt wherein the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a dispersant.
Abstract: The simultaneous precipitation of soluble heavy metal ions from semiconductor wastewater containing abrasive solids and enhancement of microfilter operation is achieved through the addition of an effective amount of a water-soluble polymer containing dithiocarbamate functionalities to the wastewater.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 14, 2000
Date of Patent:
July 10, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Kristine S. Salmen, Angela S. Kowalski, E. H. Kelle Zeiher, William J. Ward
Abstract: A solid-state fluorometry instrument is provided. The instrument is based on either diode laser or light-emitting diode (LED) excitation sources that are capable of being used in a wide range of applications. The solid-state diode laser based fluorometer instrument monitors fluorescent tracers, particularly suitable for industrial water sample stream applications. Using the instrument, a solid-state diode laser or light-emitting diode (LED) is used as an excitation source to excite fluorescent tracer molecules. The fluorescence resulting from the diode laser excitation is imaged with a lens onto a silicon photodiode detector. An optical filter is placed between the sample cell and the photodiode detector to reject scattered laser light. The output from the photodiode is amplified to produce an output voltage proportional to the quantity of fluorescence striking the photodiode detector.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 31, 1998
Date of Patent:
July 3, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Joseph C. Alfano, Michael J. Fehr, Martin R. Godfrey, John E. Hoots, Karen R. Tubergen, James E. Whitten, Narasimha M. Rao
Abstract: A method measuring a rate of fouling caused by a heat flux through the surface subjected to electrochemical polarization. The method includes the steps of: providing a piezoelectric microbalance comprising a piezoelectric material with electrodes disposed thereon; exposing the working electrode of the microbalance to a flowing liquid, the liquid containing at least one fouling forming species; maintaining the liquid at a constant first temperature; maintaining the liquid at required hydrodynamic conditions; applying either a constant heat flux through the microbalance resulting in its working electrode having a variable second temperature or applying a variable heat flux through the microbalance resulting in its working electrode having a constant second temperature; and measuring a rate of fouling on the microbalance surface.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 22, 1999
Date of Patent:
June 26, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Dmitri Kouznetsov, Louis DiSanto, Donald Johnson, Paul R. Kraus, Barbara E. Moriarty
Abstract: Methods for controlling wax and other contaminants by improving the dispersion of these materials through the addition of contaminant dispersants to the process of recycling paper and paperboard are disclosed. A preferred contaminant dispersant comprises:
a) water;
b) a plasticizer;
c) an anionic dispersant;
d) a surfactant wetting agent; and
e) either
1) an acid or lecithin and optionally, a base, or
2) a preneutralized component.
Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating substrates are disclosed. The compositions are generally described as epoxy-novolac resins containing a Mannich derivatized bisphenol side chain. The methods, which comprise contacting the surface to be treated with these compositions, improve the corrosion resistance and/or adhesion properties of the treated surface.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 23, 1998
Date of Patent:
June 19, 2001
Assignee:
Calgon Corporation
Inventors:
Hong Ding, Shih-Ruey Thomas Chen, Yi Jin Warburton
Abstract: A papermaking process consisting essentially of:
forming an aqueous cellulosic papermaking slurry;
adding to the slurry certain additives, with said certain additives selected from the group including: coagulants; sizing agents; and mineral fillers;
draining the slurry to form a sheet; and
drying the sheet to form a paper sheet;
the improvement comprising adding to the slurry, prior to it being drained; an effective amount of a cationic dispersion polymer; which cationic dispersion polymer is a copolymer comprising about 30 mole % diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and about 70 mole % acrylamide (AcAm); and
adding to the slurry, either before or after said cationic dispersion polymer is added and the slurry is drained,
a microparticle selected from the group consisting of
a) copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide;
b) bentonite; and
c) dispersed silica;
with the proviso that said coagulant cannot be a cationic dispersion copolymer comprising about 30 mole % diallyldimethylammonium chloride
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 21, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 29, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Jane B. Wong Shing, Chidambaram Maltesh, Ramasubramanyam Nagarajan
Abstract: The invention provides novel cationic flocculant dispersion polymers that can be utilized in the methods disclosed herein. This invention also provides methods for detecting cationic flocculants wherein said flocculants may be made via a dispersion process, a latex process or a dry polymer process. The flocculants are used to flocculate solids from liquid components of an industrial food process. The detection method involves the use of monoclonal antibodies to determine the presence or concentration of the cationic flocculants in the liquids.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 10, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 29, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Andrew J. Dunham, Cathy C. Johnson, Kristine S. Salmen, John W. Sparapany, Anthony G. Sommese
Abstract: A method for determining wafer cleanliness by fluorometric monitoring of the impurities in the semiconductor chip wafer rinse solution. A clean chip is indicated by a leveling off of increased concentration of impurities as the rinsing of the chip progresses. A method for optimizing reuse or recyling of the water discharged from the rinse process which accurately measures the contaminants in that water.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved process for inhibiting calcium carbonate scaling in aqueous systems such as that employed in the kraft process for the production of wood pulp. Such an improved process is achieved by the addition to the system of at least one antiscalant comprising at least one monomer unit derived from the group consisting of 1,2-dihydroxy-3-butene, N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide, and N-(sulfomethyl) acrylamide, and at least one monomer unit derived from the group consisting of maleic acid, acrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, N-tertbutylacrylamide, butoxymethylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, sodium acrylamidomethyl propane sulfonic acid, and salts thereof, with with the proviso that said polymers do not contain the monomer unit —(CH2—CH═CH—CH2—O)—.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 9, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 22, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Prasad Yogendra Duggirala, John David Morris, Peter Edward Reed, Steven John Severtson
Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of polymer antiscalants which are polymers comprising a 1,2-dihydroxy-3-butene monomer unit and at least one monomer unit derived from the groups consisting of maleic acid, acrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, N-tertbutylacrylamide, butoxymethylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, sodium acrylamidomethyl propane sulfonic acid, and salts thereof, with the proviso that said polymers do not contain the monomer unit —(CH2—CH═CH—CH2—O)—.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 9, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 15, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Prasad Yogendra Duggirala, John David Morris, Peter Edward Reed, Steven John Severtson
Abstract: The invention is a water-soluble N,N-diallyl-N-alkyl-N-(sulfoalkyl) ammonium betaine containing copolymer, wherein said copolymer is formed from the polymerization of an N,N-diallyl-N-alkyl-N-(sulfoalkyl) ammonium betaine of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl groups, and R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, aryl groups, and alkylaryl groups,
and an anionic monomer, and
the invention is also a method of inhibiting the precipitation and deposition of scale on metal surfaces in contact with industrial cooling waters comprising the addition of an effective, scale-inhibiting amount of a water-soluble N,N-diallyl-N-alkyl-N-(sulfoalkyl) ammonium betaine containing copolymer, wherein said copolymer is formed from the polymerization of a betaine of the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl groups, and R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 14, 1998
Date of Patent:
May 1, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Dodd W. Fong, Charles F. Marth, Ronald V. Davis
Abstract: A method for measuring the concentration of an anionically charged polymer in an aqueous solution is described and claimed. The method requires a reagent solution that is also described and claimed. The reagent solution comprises water, Nile Blue Dye and chelant, with the chelant being selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal or ammonium salts of phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid. The method involves using absorbance measurements to determine the amount of anionically charged polymer present in an aqueous sample. The method is very rapid and thus is very useful under field conditions.
Abstract: A method of separating solids and preventing foaming in an industrial water system comprising adding to fluids in the industrial water system an effective amount of a low foaming latex polymer prepared using a tallow amine ethoxylate/polyoxyethylene oleyl ether emulsifier.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 30, 2000
Date of Patent:
April 3, 2001
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
James Morton Tippett, Graeme John Farquharson, Radhakrishnan Selvarajan, John T. Malito