Abstract: A lithographic system includes a chamber housing a stage mechanism and a linear motor coil that drives the stage mechanism. The linear motor includes a coil having two sidewalls, the coil being movable along a magnet track generating a magnetic field. A pair of jacket walls are attached to respective ones of each of the coil sidewalls. Each jacket wall has a pair of relatively thin non-magnetic plates of about 0.75 mm thickness bonded together, at least one facing surface of each of the plates including a liquid flow channel. The plates are made of a non-conductive (and non-magnetic) material, e.g. ceramic such as alumina. Coolant liquid from a liquid source flows through the flow channel in each of the jacket walls. In one embodiment a cooling system is provided where the linear motor coil has a cooling and recirculation circuit including a tank which is kept at a negative pressure of from about -3 psig to about -13 psig.

Abstract: A semiconductor device tester and handler interface includes a tester mother board and a handler board. The handler board includes a central area adapted to mount multiple semiconductor devices to be tested by a tester. The tester mother board has a central area, and first and second peripheral groupings of tester contacts fixed in location on the tester mother board. A ring of spaced electrical connectors such as compressible pogo pins on the tester mother board is positioned between the first and the second groupings of tester contacts such that the area of the handler boards available for mounting semiconductor devices is enhanced. This larger area permits testing in parallel of a plurality of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A semiconductor device test head docking interface system includes a test head plate juxtaposed to a test head. The tester plate includes pairs of outwardly facing spaced vacuum cups and pairs of spaced guiding and locking pins between the cups. A handler plate includes pairs of vacuum cup receiving surfaces spaced to receive the vacuum cups upon a docking of the plates, and pairs of receiving sockets spaced to receive the guiding and locking pins upon a docking of the plates. Rotary actuators are mounted on the tester plate for rotating each of the guiding and locking pins in a respective one of the receiving sockets, such that engagement and a pulling vacuum in the vacuum cups against the vacuum cup receiving surfaces and rotation of the guiding and locking pins, effects docking of the tester plate and handler plate. A Z-axis adjustment is provided in each actuator.

Abstract: Venetian blind slats are stacked and clamped onto a support, and confined laterally, while leaving ends beyond the desired length to which they are to be cut, un-confined. Then in one stroke in a direction perpendicular to the support, the ends of the stack are sheared-off by a punching tool having a cutting edge which contacts longitudinal margins prior to the center of the slats.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing bread of a good quality from frozen dough. In this method dough is stretched while being subjected to vibrations so that the dough can be stretched without imparting pressure exceeding the yield point of its elasticity. Thus during the stretching step the gluten network of the dough is unharmed. Further, the dough is rested at least five minutes within a temperature range of 0.degree. C. to 16.degree. C., before it is stretched. Such a dough rested at such a cool condition can be readily stretched, and the stability of the stretched dough is improved over the prior art.

Abstract: A disc player is provided that has disposed in it an insertion opening through which discs having different diameters can be inserted. A disc driving mechanism, including a turntable, is located behind the insertion opening, and there is disposed a slideably mounted stopping means in the disc insertion path behind the turntable for guiding into position over the turntable a disc of either small or large diameter.

Abstract: A multifunction human digit control includes a rotating cylinder journalled in a movable bar slidable in a groove in a deflectable support track. Rotation of the cylinder by a thumb or finger generates a first motion signal and movement of either or both of the bar and the cylinder by tactile movement, generates a second motion signal, representing, for example, X-axis and Y-axis positions, respectively, of a cursor on a computer screen. Various types of motion detectors or encoders are disclosed to detect the various movements of the bar and cylinder. The mechanism also permits actuation of a switch or other motion detector in a Z-axis by deflection of any one of the bar, the cylinder or portions of the support track with respect to a support structure. In a preferred embodiment, the overall control has its digit-operated tactile surfaces exposed in an aperture contained in a device casing, such as an opening in a computer keyboard or in an instrument housing or control panel.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing composite food having a controlled composition is provided. In this apparatus, a plurality of supply means (3, 11) for supplying materials, a conveyor (7) for conveying the materials, a plurality of measuring devices (5, 13) at each of the supply means (3, 11) and a selecting device (17) for eliminating poor products are provided, and the materials are put together on the conveyor (7) resulting in a composite food mass.The quantity of each material per unit time is measured by the measuring means (5, 13), and ratios of the materials of the composite food mass are computed based on the quantity data. When the portions are cut into separate products, poor products are removed by the selecting means (17) based on the data from the comparison of the ratios of the materials of each portion with the reference ratios.

Abstract: A roller-cage assembly for use in a bearing includes a cylindrical cage provided with a plurality of openings extending axially and spaced apart from one another circumferentially and a plurality of rollers, each of which is received in a corresponding one of the openings. Each opening is defined by a pair of oppositely disposed side guide surfaces and a pair of oppositely disposed end guide surfaces, whereby the distance between the pair of oppositely disposed side guide surfaces is larger than the diameter of the roller and the distance between the pair of opposite end guide surfaces is larger than the length of the roller, so that the roller may rotate freely within the opening.

Abstract: A water-driven monitor is provided as a stand-by pre-aimed fire fighting device installed at a fixed location for fire protection of a structure or equipment, such as aircraft, in a hanger structure. The monitor is oscillated by providing a diversion of a minor flow of the water or water/foam to be discharged from the monitor, to reciprocate an annular piston in an annular cylinder in up and down directions. A pair of concentric barrel cams having helical cam tracks therein and a cam ring with attached cam rollers interconnect a fixed base assembly containing the piston and cylinder and a water or water/foam discharge assembly, such that linear piston motion includes oscillatory motion which is transferred to the discharge assembly. A four-way spool valve controls fluid flow to opposite sides of a piston head and a toggle action shuttle actuates the valve spool to reverse the piston movement and the direction of discharge tube oscillation.

Abstract: A retainer for use in a linear motion rolling-contact bearing is provided. In a linear motion rolling-contact bearing, there is provided an endless passage including a load passage section, a return passage sections and a pair of connection passage sections connecting the corresponding ends of the load and return passage sections. The rolling members, balls or rollers, are provided in the endless passage and they move endlessly so as to provide a relative motion between a rail and a slider assembly. The return and connection passage sections are defined in the slider assembly, but the load passage section is defined between the rail and the slider assembly so that there is normally provided a retainer for retaining the rolling members in position when they pass through the load passage section.

Abstract: A decoupling capacitor is mounted on a thin auxiliary board and connected by metallization traces on the board to a single pair of plug-in contacts press-fitted into a pair of apertures in a pair of integral tabs extending from the board. The auxiliary board and capacitor height is not more than about 0.070 inches. The plug-in contacts are pluggable into a pair of sockets in a printed circuit board. The auxiliary insulative board with its attached capacitor is sandwiched between the top of a printed circuit board having a plurality of sockets, and the underside of a dual-in-line (DIP) integrated circuit package. Two leads of the DIP package are inserted into the pair of insertable contacts in the auxiliary insulative board while the remainder of the DIP package leads are inserted directly into other sockets in the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A method of fusing two or more semiconductor wafers involves growing a silicon dioxide planar layer on each of two polished silicon wafer substrates, implanting positive ions in the silicon dioxide layers on one wafer and negative ions in the silicon dioxide layer on the other wafer. The source of positive ions is preferably cesium and the source of negative ions is preferably boron. The implanted grown oxide layers are brought into abutment so electrostatic attraction forces of the oppositely charged ions keep the wafers together while they are exposed to a relatively high temperature in an oxygen ambient to fuse the abutting surfaces together.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus suitable for use in forming a straight groove on the surface of a work to be processed includes a carriage provided to be movable along a predetermined path in a reciprocating manner between a first end position and a second end position. Each of the first and second end positions is defined as a loading/unloading position. A pair of finish grinding discs is located at the center of and on both sides of the predetermined path. A pair of rough grinding discs is located between the first end and center positions of the path and another pair of rough grinding discs is similarly located between the second end and center positions of the path. Each of the grinding discs is shiftable in positions between advanced and retracted positions in the direction transverse to the predetermined path.

Abstract: A structure and method for providing optimum recording of X-ray images without need for experimenting to learn optimum X-ray tube voltage, current, anode focal spot size and exposure time. The method and structure of this invention sample the radiation passed through an object to be radiographed during a short portion of the total exposure time and adjust voltage, current and focal spot size so that the radiation delivered by the X-ray tube during the remainder of the exposure time will produce optimum contrast between structures within the object being radiographed, also optimum sharpness of the image and optimum darkening of a film, xerographic picture, fluoroscopic image, or other recording medium. The method and structure of this invention account for variations in absorption coefficient between one object to be radiographed and the next. This invention is particularly useful for medical applications, and in the medical field, particularly important in mammography.

Abstract: A tamper-proof, tamper-edvident package includes a pill, capsule, ingestible or medicant bottle-holding container and a sealing lig thereover. The lid includes a flexible lip with a conical sealing surface surrounding the container and in angular juxtaposition upon assembly with a more rigid conical sealing surface on the container. A vacuum is drawn in a fixture holding the container and lid by evacuation of air. Upon subsequent exposure of the container/lid exteriors to ambient environmental air the flexible lip is snapped tight by differential pressure (higher on the exterior of the package) so that the lip sealing surface which was at an angle to the container seal surface, is in parallelism with the container seal surface resulting in a wide sealing band which is not breakable by normal hand pulling or twisting.

Abstract: The combustion engine forms "squish" spaces between the piston and the cylinder head and has additional guide means in the combustion chamber which create a rotational flow in the combustion chamber. The floor of the combustion chamber is formed by a trough-shaped recess in the piston head, so that it forms a "squish" space extending over the complete width of the combustion chamber. In the area between the valves, a further, central "squish" space extends which, in conjunction with the wall of the cylinder head which is situated above it, forms a further "squish" space flow which reinforces the lateral "squish" space flow. In this way the ignition timing can be further retarded and the temperature peak reduced together with an additional reduction in emissions of oxides of nitrogen. A very weak mixture with an excess of air of 30% or more can be ignited which likewise maintains a low burning temperature thus producing less nitrous oxide.

Abstract: The therapy equipment for the human body serves to enhance the feeling of good health by exposure of a part of all of the body, to accoustic irradiation with frequencies in the sub-audio, audio and ultrasonic regions. The therapy equipment consists of at least one oscillator plate which is arranged in bodily contact with the body of the person who sits, lies or stands on it, in which the oscillator plate is made to oscillate by sound waves, whereby corresponding oscillation generators are secured in bodily contact to the oscillator plate. The frequency of the sound waves is adjusted to the reabsorption frequency of individually selected organs and parts of the body, to treat selective individual organs or parts of the human body.

Abstract: A method for determining a value of absolute reflectance of a material at .[.a predetermined.]. .Iadd.any .Iaddend.wavelength, in the ultraviolet range from its measured reflectance which includes system losses contributed by optics, illumination sources, detectors, etc. The method involves the measurement of reflectance from a known material such as single crystal silicon whose absolute reflectance is well known, dividing the measured value by the absolute value to obtain a system efficiency coefficient at the known wavelength and then, without changing the illumination or optics, measuring the reflectance of the unknown material and applying this coefficient to this measured value to obtain its absolute value.