Abstract: Epoxy resin compositions are disclosed which comprise (A) at least one cycloaliphatic epoxy resin, (B) a curing agent comprising hexahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride, (C) at least one a boron containing catalyst that is essentially free of halogen, and (D) at least one cure modifier. The encapsulant (11) may also optionally comprise at least one of ancillary curing catalysts, thermal stabilizers, UV stabilizers, coupling agents, or refractive index modifiers. Also disclosed are packaged solid state devices comprising a package, a chip (4), and an encapsulant (11) comprising an epoxy resin composition of the invention. A method of encapsulating a solid state device is also provided.

Abstract: A coated ferromagnetic particle comprises a ferromagnetic core and a coating. The coating comprises a residue resulting from a thermal treatment of a coating material comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyorganosiloxanes, polyorganosilanes, and mixtures thereof. A composite magnetic article comprises a compacted and annealed article of a desired shape. The composite magnetic article comprises a plurality of coated ferromagnetic articles. Each coated ferromagnetic particle comprises a ferromagnetic core and a coating. The coating comprises a residue resulting from a thermal treatment of a coating material comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyorganosiloxanes, polyorganosilanes, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A phosphor composition that comprises at least one phosphor emitting in each of the blue, green, and red regions of the visible spectrum is disposed adjacent to a backlight source of a color liquid crystal display. The phosphor composition emits strongly in the wavelength ranges of color filters used in such display. The backlight source includes either a semiconductor light-emitting diode or an organic light-emitting device.

Abstract: An AC powered light emitting device is provided. The device includes a plurality of organic light emitting diode (OLED) modules. The modules are arranged into groups of modules where the individual modules of the groups are electrically connected in series. The device may be powered using AC power. A display is also provided. The display includes a plurality of OLED modules arranged to spell out a letter or depict an image.

Abstract: A ceramic discharge chamber for a lamp, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, comprises a first member which includes a leg portion and a transition portion, wherein the leg portion and the transition portion are integrally formed as one piece from a ceramic material, and a second member which includes a body portion, wherein the body portion is bonded to the transition portion of the first member. The ceramic discharge chamber can be formed by injection molding a ceramic material to form the first member, the first member forming a first portion of the ceramic discharge chamber; and bonding the first member to a second member which forms a second portion of the ceramic discharge chamber. The members which form the ceramic discharge chamber can greatly facilitate assembly of the discharge chamber, because the discharge chamber can be constructed with only one or two bonds between the members.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic electroluminescent (“EL”) material positioned between the anode and the cathode. Nanoparticles of at least one photoluminescent material are dispersed in the organic EL material. The organic EL material emits a first electromagnetic (“EM”) radiation having a first spectrum in response to an applied electrical field. The PL material absorbs a portion of the first EM radiation emitted by the organic EL material and emits a second EM radiation having a second spectrum. A plurality of the light-emitting devices are arranged on a transparent substrate to provide a panel display or a lighting source.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode containing a first electrode, a second electrode, at least one organic light emitting layer, and an output coupler which reduces a Fresnel loss is provided. The index of refraction of the output coupler is matched to that of the adjacent layer of the device. The output coupler may be a dimpled transparent material or a composite layer containing light scattering particles to also reduce a critical angle loss.

Abstract: Europium-activated phosphors comprise oxides of at least a rare-earth metal selected from the group consisting of gadolinium, yttrium, lanthanum, and combinations thereof and at least a Group-IIIB metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, indium, and combinations thereof. A method for making such phosphors comprises adding at least a halide of at least one of the selected Group-IIIB metals in a starting mixture. The method further comprises firing the starting mixture in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. The phosphors produced by such a method exhibit improved absorption in the UV wavelength range and improved quantum efficiency.

Abstract: An environmentally-stable organic electroluminescent (“EL”) fiber comprises at least one layer of an organic EL material formed on a fiber, cable, or wire; associated electrodes for providing a voltage to activate the organic EL material; and a barrier layer formed around the EL and electrode materials for reducing the permeation of oxygen, water vapor, and other reactive materials into the underlying layers. The barrier layer comprises either (1) alternating sublayers of a polymeric material and an inorganic material, or (2) alternating sets of adjacent sublayers of polymeric materials and adjacent sublayers of inorganic materials. Color of light emitted from the fiber may be modified by one or more layers containing inorganic and/or organic phosphor materials.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining past-service conditions and/or remaining useful life of a component of a combustion engine and/or a thermal barrier coating (“TBC”) of the component comprises a radiation source that provides the exciting radiation to the TBC to excite a photoluminescent (“PL”) material contained therein, a radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by the PL material, and means for relating a characteristic of an emission spectrum of the PL material to the amount of a crystalline phase in the TBC, thereby inferring the past-service conditions or the remaining useful life of the component or the TBC.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (“OELD”) has a controllable brightness, an improved energy efficiency, and stable optical output at low brightness. The OELD is activated with a series of voltage pulses, each of which has a maximum voltage value that corresponds to the maximum power efficiency when the OELD is activated. The frequency of the pulses, or the duty cycle, or both are chosen to provide the desired average brightness.

Abstract: The formation of leachable mercury upon disposal in a landfill or during TCLP testing of mercury vapor discharge lamps is substantially prevented by incorporation of an amount of gelatin or a degradation product of gelatin which is effective to substantially prevent formation of ferric and cuprous compounds responsible for forming leachable mercury compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a composite array structure that comprises a plurality of elements of an electrically conductive composite material interconnected by at least one region of an electrically insulating material. The method comprises forming regions of the electrically insulating material around regions of the electrically conductive material such that at least a surface of the regions of the electrically insulating material is below a surface of the regions of the electrically conductive material.

Abstract: A semiconductor processing article is characterized by extended useful life. The article is used in a semiconductor furnace system, particularly in a low pressure chemical vapor deposition furnace for prolonged periods without requiring cleaning to remove build-up film. The semiconductor processing article is a quartz body characterized by a surface roughness having a first component with an average deviation from a first mean surface of about 2.5 to 50 microns, and a second component with an average deviation from a second mean surface of about 0.25 to 5 microns.

Abstract: Cerium-doped alkaline-earth hafnium oxide scintillator compositions have at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, and combinations thereof. The scintillator compositions can be formed into a shape having porosity less than about 0.05 percent for improved transparency. The alkaline earth metal can be partially substituted with divalent and/or trivalent ions other than cerium. Hafnium can be partially substituted with divalent, trivalent, and/or tetravalent ions. The scintillators are characterized by high light output, short decay time, and high radiation stopping power. The scintillators can be used as detector elements in PET systems.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode containing a first electrode, a second electrode, at least one organic light emitting layer, and a ceramic output coupler is provided. The index of refraction of the output coupler is matched to that of the adjacent layer of the device. The ceramic output coupler may be a ceramic substrate with a dimpled light emitting surface which reduces Fresnel and critical angle optical losses.

Abstract: A light source comprises an organic light emitting device which emits radiation having a first spectrum and a phosphor layer which absorbs a portion of the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer and which emits light having a second spectrum. The phosphor layer typically absorbs less than all of the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer and typically covers the entire organic light emitting device. The light emitted by the organic light emitting layer is mixed with the light emitted by the phosphor layer to produce light having a third spectrum. Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide advantages over known devices. For example, because a phosphor layer is provided, the light emitted from the organic light emitting device is scattered, which provides improved uniformity in light output over the area of the light source. Also, because most phosphors are relatively stable over time, the light source has good color stability over time.

Abstract: Phosphor blends are disclosed that are capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths in the range from about 315 nm to about 480 nm. These blends are mixtures of phosphors selected from the group consisting of Sr2P2O7:Eu2+, Mn2+, (Ca,Sr,Ba)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH):Eu2+,Mn2+, 3.5 MgO.0.5MgF2.GeO2:Mn4+, Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+, (Sr,Ba,Ca)5(PO4)3(Cl,OH):Eu2+, (Ba,Ca,Sr)2MgAl16O27:Eu2+, and (Ba,Ca,Sr)2MgAl16O27:Eu2+,Mn2+. White light sources are obtained by applying a phosphor blend over at least one LED that is capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in the above-noted wavelength range.

Abstract: Linear extended polymeric paramagnetic chelates for use as MRI contrast agents are synthesized by conjugating DTPA chelator moieties to higher than 90% of the monomer residues of the polyamino acid backbone chain. The resulting polymer can be labeled with Gd, since each chelator moiety holds a Gd ion, and the resulting conformation is of an unfolded, extended linear type, capable of entering small pores and moving around obstacles in the extracellular space of tissues. The efficient production of these extended polymers is critical for the application of such contrast agents to medical imaging. One such agent is a reptating polymer containing technetium-99.

Abstract: UV reflectors incorporated in UV LED-based light sources reduce the amount of UV radiation emission into the surroundings and increase the efficiency of such light sources. UV reflectors are made of nanometer-sized particles having a mean particle diameter less than about one-tenth of the wavelength of the UV light emitted by the UV LED, dispersed in a molding or casting material surrounding the LED. Other UV reflectors are series of layers of materials having alternating high and low refractive indices; each layer has a physical thickness of one quarter of the wavelength divided by the refractive index of the material. Nanometer-sized textures formed on a surface of the multilayered reflector further reduce the emission of UV radiation into the surroundings. UV LED-based light sources include such a multilayered reflector disposed on an encapsulating structure of a transparent material around a UV LED, particles of a UV-excitable phosphor dispersed in the transparent material.