Abstract: Supported organometallic compounds of Groups II, III and IV of the Periodic Table are utilized for purifying fluids particularly hydrocarbon fluids, noble gases, nitrogen and hydrogen and desirable hydrocarbon solvents and olefins to remove impurities such as oxygen, sulfur, halogen-containing compounds, active hydrogen compounds and other polar compounds. The supported organometallic compounds, preferably supported metal alkyls, are prepared by reacting the pretreated dried solid support material with the organometallic compounds in such a manner as to effect loading or impregnation of the organometallic moieties onto the support.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the one-step hydrogenation/esterification of arylmethyleneoxyaryloxy alkanoic acids to produce (hydroxyphenoxy) carboxylates. The process comprises the hydrogenation and esterification of the aryloxy alkanoic acid in the presence of a palladium hydrogenation catalyst and an acidic esterification catalyst preferably utilizing the alcohol for the esterification as the hydrogenation solvent. The acid serves the dual role of hydrogenation promoter and esterification catalyst.

Abstract: In the process of the invention spent phosphoric acid is concentrated and stripped with air to a greater than 50% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 concentration to remove nitric acid. As a result of concentrating the spent acid a portion of the aluminum precipitates as monoaluminum phosphate, which is recovered by filtration. The filtrate is then ammoniated to produce a monoammonium phosphate solution. The solids precipitated during ammoniation and comprising aluminum ammonium phosphate which contains other metal phosphates are washed and reacted with aqueous ammonia to form diammonium phosphate.

Abstract: A process of producing sodium hypophosphite (Na.sub.2 H.sub.2 PO.sub.2) is disclosed wherein the yield of the product is increased. The process comprises increasing the NaOH/P.sub.4 ratio above stoichiometric quantity to from about 2.4 to about 3.0 while maintaining a Ca(OH).sub.2 /P.sub.4 ratio of above about 1.21 in the reaction wherein phosphorus, sodium hydroxide, calcium, hydroxide and water are reacted to produce sodium hypophosphite. The invention further comprises a corresponding increase in dilution (H.sub.2 O/P.sub.4) to from about 38 to about 60.

Abstract: Isotactic index improvement is achieved for C.sub.3 and higher alpha olefins in systems containing a catalyst component comprising titanium supported on a magnesium halide support. The titanium component is formed by copulverizing the magnesium halide with one or more electron donors followed by treatment with liquid titanium halide. The improvement is achieved by using a dialkylaluminoxane component with the trialkylaluminum co-catalyst normally used. In slurry polymerizations, the isotactic index of the polymer has been improved.

Abstract: A method of recovering phosphate esters from the by-product residues derived from phosphate ester production is disclosed. The method comprises extracting the phosphate esters from the residue utilizing a hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: A continuous in line dry material sampler for sampling dry flowing material within a manufacturing or transported stream comprising a series of concentrically nested stages having no moving parts and having means for obtaining a representative proportional sample of the material as it flows through the sampler.

Abstract: A process of producing sodium hypophosphite (NaH.sub.2 PO.sub.2) is disclosed wherein the yield of the product is increased. The process comprising reacting phosphorus, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and water wherein the H.sub.2 O/P.sub.4 ratio is increased from about 35 to from about 38 to about 60.

Abstract: The invention is a process for drying and purifying wet crude chloral which process comprises contacting the wet crude chloral with sulfuric acid solution in such manner that the solution in contact with the chloral has a concentration of about 50 percent or below, recovering the chloral, contacting the recovered chloral with concentrated sulfuric acid and utilizing the effluent acid recovered from the second contacting operation in first contacting of a subsequent process operation. Multistage, countercurrent flow arrangements are described. Hydrogen chloride and other acidic impurities are also substantially removed.

Abstract: Dialkyl phosphorochloridothionates are formed by the chlorination of an alkyl ester of dithiophosphoric acid in a two-stage chlorination reaction. In the first stage, a major portion (e.g., 65% to 95%) of the alkyl ester to be chlorinated is reacted with up to about 95% of the total chlorine to be utilized in the process. The remaining alkyl ester is added to the product from the first stage chlorination reaction and is further chlorinated such that the total chlorine added in the process is about 1 mole per each 0.95 to 1.1 mole of the acid ester utilized in the process.

Abstract: A catalytic component for polymerizing olefins comprises a solid support containing magnesium-halogen or manganese-halogen bonds, a transition metal halide of a metal selected from Groups IVB and VB of the periodic table, and electron donors. This catalytic component is obtainable by steps comprising:(a) contacting a mixture comprising a magnesium halide or manganese halide and at least one electron donor with a Ti(OR).sub.4 compound to form a solution, where R is a hydrocarbyl or halogenated hydrocarbyl moiety containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen, and(b) reacting the solution with a reagent comprising a transition metal halide selected from Groups IVB and VB of the periodic table,whereby, with a suitable cocatalyst, polyolefin is formed with high activity, showing a high Isotactic Index, and with a narrow range of particle size distribution.

Abstract: The invention is a method of increasing the yield of chloromethylthiophene produced by the addition of concentrated aqueous formaldehyde solution to a mixture of thiophene and concentrated hydrochloric acid and passing in a rapid stream of gaseous hydrogen chloride. The improvement comprises increasing the rate of addition of the gaseous hydrogen chloride from about 0.6 moles per mole of thiophene per hour to about 1.5 moles per mole of thiophene per hour to increase product yield.

Abstract: A process for producing tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which is stable at low temperature by a process wherein phenol is butylated to produce tert-butylphenol which is isomerized to produce mixed meta and para isomers thereof, and which thereafter is alkylated with isobutylene to produce tert-butylphenol having a C.sub.4 /.phi. ratio of about 0.62. The tert-butylphenol is then phosphorylated to the tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate meta/para mixture with phosphorus oxychloride. The disclosed process provides a tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which will not freeze or gel at low temperatures.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for recovering elemental phosphorus values from phosphorus-containing waste materials. The process comprises reducing the size of the solid particulate materials of the sludge and forming a uniform homogenous sludge which is filtered through a high-pressure thin-cake filter resulting in a filtrate high in phosphorus values.The invention also discloses a pump retrieval means for retrieving the sludge from contaminated disposal areas and a preconditioning dewatering means for thickening and clarifying the sludge prior to comminuting the solids contained therein and filtrating to recover the phosphorus values contained therein.

Abstract: This invention comprises a catalytic component for polymerizing olefins comprising a solid support containing magnesium-halogen bonds, a transition metal halide of a metal selected from Groups IVB and VB of the periodic table, and an electron donor obtained by the steps comprising:(a) reacting an organometallic compound whose metal comprise members of Groups I to III of the periodic table with an alcohol, ROH, where R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or arylalkyl moiety having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a polysiloxane, and a transition metal halide to form a solid;(b) treating the solid with a transition metal halide optionally in the presence of a polysiloxane to form a treated solid; and(c) reacting the treated solid with an electron donor and a transition metal halide to form the component.

Abstract: An unmilled catalytic component for polymerizing olefins with high activity to yield polymers with high stereoregularity and a narrow particle size distribution with a low weight percentage of small particles comprises a solid, unmilled support containing magnesium-halogen bonds, a transition metal halide of a metal selected from Groups IVB and VB of the periodic table, and electron donors.This catalytic component is obtained by steps comprising:(a) contacting a Mg(OR).sub.2 and/or Mn(OR).sub.2 compound with a Ti(OR).sub.4 compound to comprise a liquid, where R is a hydrocarbyl or halogenated hydrocarbyl moiety containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen,(b) reacting the liquid with a fluid comprising a halogenating agent and treatment with an electron donor to form a treated solid, and(c) post-treating the solid with a transition metal halide.

Abstract: This invention comprises a catalytic component for polymerizing olefins comprising a siliceous support containing magnesium halide, a transition metal halide, and an electron donor obtained by steps comprising:(a) infusing siliceous oxide with magnesium halide complexed with an alcohol to form a support;(b) reacting the support with an organometallic compound of a metal from Groups I to III of the periodic table to form an intermediate;(c) reacting the intermediate complex with an electron donor to form an intermediary complex; and(d) reacting the intermediary complex with a fluid comprising a transition metal halide.

Abstract: A method of treating the residue generated in the production of diphenylphosphinous chloride is presented. The method comprises extracting the aluminum content of the residue by contacting the residue with an organic solvent to produce a mixture which when hydrolyzed results in a two-phase solution, the organic phase of which can be incinerated.

Abstract: Waste heat is recovered during the production of phosphorus pentoxide by a process comprising the combustion of phosphorus and the passing of the combustion gases through a fluid bed, wherein the solids making up the fluid bed are utilized to recover heat values derived from the process by contacting the same with water to produce steam.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for rendering textiles or barrier fabric material flame retardant and smolder resistant with a flame retardant and smolder resistant composition comprised of an aminophosponate ester in combination with a thermosetting, nitrogen-containing resin and preferably a reactive elastomeric latex.