Abstract: A spreader box and method form a bi-laminar paintball shell material. Walls of a box body define a reservoir containing, and an aperture dispensing, a first gel. Walls of a gate body define a reservoir containing, and an aperture dispensing, a second gel. Within the box, the first gel is kept separate from the second gel. The box body aperture dispenses the first gel as a continuous first layer. The gate body aperture dispenses the second gel as a continuous second layer that is adjacent and juxtaposed with the first layer, such that the first gel bonds with the second gel to form the bi-laminar paintball shell material. A paintball, containing a fill material, has a frangible bi-laminar shell including an exterior shell that completely surrounds and contains an interior shell. The paintball is adapted to withstand the normal range of forces sustained in being fired from a paintball gun.

Abstract: An advanced technology frame structure is described herein. The advanced technology frame structure can enhance a first technology frame structure in dimensions of time, frequency, or a combination of time and frequency. A second technology frame structure time division multiplexes second technology subframes with the first technology downlink and uplink subframes. The first technology downlink subframe can be divided into a first technology downlink subframe and one or more second technology downlink subframes. Similarly, the first technology uplink subframe can be divided into a first uplink subframe and one or more second technology uplink subframes. These principles can be expanded upon and can be applied in many communication systems.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for channel estimation. In one aspect, there is provided a receiver including a demodulator for decoding a signal including at least one of a transmission parameter signaling (TPS) carrier and a data carrier. The receiver further includes a channel estimator, coupled to the demodulator, for determining a channel estimate for the TPS carrier. Moreover, the receiver includes an interpolator, coupled to the channel estimator, for determining, based on the determined channel estimate for the TPS carrier, another channel estimate for the data carrier. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes: an imaging device for performing photoelectric conversion of light incident on a photodetective area thereof, and reading signals from the photodetective area so as to output the signals as image signals; a divided area setting device for setting a plurality of image areas on the photodetective area; a frame rate setting device for setting and assigning frame rates individually to the image areas; and a reading control device for individually controlling a timing for reading the signals from each image area set on the photodetective area, in accordance with the corresponding frame rate set by the frame rate setting device. The frame rate setting device may set each frame rate for each frame, or may set one of at least two frame rates assigned to the image areas and then set another frame rate assigned to another image area in accordance with the already-set frame rate.

Abstract: A radio interface layer media independent handover (RIL MIH) client functionality enables transparent inter-system handover of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) between different radio access technologies (RATs), without user intervention. The RIL MIH client interacts with RIL drivers and proxies, informs the RIL proxies of the handover status, then the proxies interact with a new driver in use. A WTRU is modified to add MIH functionality to a telephony server to support inter-system handover.

Abstract: A method for determining a wear value of a transmission element between a crankshaft and a camshaft of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, in particular a timing chain or toothed belt, is provided. The camshaft is driven by the transmission element via a drive part, for example a camshaft gearwheel. In each case, at least one measurement value for the phase position of the drive part relative to the crankshaft is determined at time intervals during which the crankshaft drives the camshaft, and the wear value is determined from the difference between the measurement values.

Abstract: A method for controlling or regulating a vacuum valve that includes: a valve body (1) with a valve opening (2); a closing member (3) that can be moved between an open position and a closed position over a closing path (s) for closing the vacuum valve and that closes the valve opening (2) in the closed position, in which at least one elastic seal (4) is pressed onto a seal face (35); an actuator (5) for moving the closing member (3); and a control device (9) by which the actuator (5) can be triggered; the point (p) of the closing path (s) at which the elastic seal (4) contacts the seal face (35) and/or a velocity (v) of the closing member (3) at that point is used as a controlling parameter for the control device (9).

Abstract: A hardware-based aperture compression system permits addressing large memory spaces via a limited bus aperture. Streams are assigned dynamic base addresses (BAR) that are maintained in registers on sources and destinations. Requests for addresses lying between BAR and BAR plus the size of the bus aperture are sent with BAR subtracted off by the source and added back by the destination. Requests for addresses outside that range are handled by transmitting a new, adjusted BAR before sending the address request.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a handover are disclosed. An Internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystem (IMS) client registers with an IMS network and establishes a media independent handover (MIH) session with an MIH application server using a session initiation protocol (SIP). The IMS client establishes a session for IP-based service, (e.g., voice over IP (VoIP)), with a communication peer using an SIP. MIH messages are exchanged for handover with the MIH application server over IP. After handover, the session is resumed. A serving call session control function (S-CSCF) triggers the MIH application server based on a string “MIH services” and a unique identifier included in an INVITE request. The IMS client may send a REFER request to the MIH application server after the handover to resume the session. Alternatively, the IMS client may send a RE-INVITE request to the MIH application server and the communication peer.

Abstract: An amusement center has at least one game cell. The game cell has a first video game console system including at least one controller; a first projection screen; a first video game; and a first decor themed to correspond to the subject matter of the first video game.

Abstract: A communication system, such as a wireless CDMA system, detects markers with fewer errors by having field units transmit the markers at different power levels (e.g., 9 dB for one marker and 11 dB for another marker). The difference in power levels of the markers allows the base station to identify the request markers using alternative criteria with a low probability of error, where the alternative criteria may include comparing the markers to respective energy level thresholds, monitoring occupancy of time slots, occupancy of mutually exclusive code channels, or combinations thereof. For example, in one particular embodiment, a request marker, which is generally a high priority marker, is transmitted with higher power, which improves the probability of detection and reduces the probability of false detection of the request marker.

Abstract: A system and method for providing variable security levels in a wireless communication network. The present invention optimizes the often conflicting demands of highly secure wireless communications and high speed wireless communications. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, various security sensors are scanned to determine the likely presence of an intruder within a predetermined trust zone. If an intruder is likely present, the security level is changed to the highest setting, and consequently a lower data rate, while the intruder is identified. If the identified intruder is in fact a trusted node, the security level is returned to a lower setting. If the identified intruder is not a trusted node, the security level is maintained at an elevated state while the intruder is within the trust zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combining space-frequency block coding (SFBC), spatial multiplexing (SM) and beamforming in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. The system includes a transmitter with a plurality of transmit antennas and a receiver with a plurality of receive antennas. The transmitter generates at least one data stream and a plurality of spatial streams. The number of generated spatial streams is based on the number of the transmit antennas and the number of the receive antennas. The transmitter determines a transmission scheme in accordance with at least one of SFBC, SM and beam forming. The transmitter transmits data in the data stream to the receiver based on the selected transmission scheme.

Abstract: An endoscope (1) is provided having a handle (2) and a probe part (3) that can be connected thereto, with an illumination system comprising at least one light emitting diode (6) and a video system having an image receiver being arranged in the handle (2). A carrier element (12) made of a heat-conducting material is provided for at least one light emitting diode (6) inside the handle (2), to which the light emitting diode (6) is directly connected. The carrier element thermally contacts the housing parts and/or installation parts of the handle (2) and the probe part (3) for heat conductivity and/or dissipation.

Abstract: A system including a buffer to receive and store a stream of content data. A controller module may be configured to determine the macro-diversity region size based on a set of pre-selected configuration parameters including an incoming rate of the content data and to allocate at least a portion of the content data to a macro-diversity region, to monitor an amount of the content data in the buffer in accordance with the set of pre-selected configuration parameters including an incoming rate of the content data to determine whether the amount of content data falls into or out of a target range defined by a low-end value and a high-end value and to adjust the size of the macro-diversity region by one or more increments in response to changes in the amount of the content data in accordance with the target range.

Abstract: An information signal is spread with a first spreading sequence producing a first spread signal for transmission over a first antenna. The information signal is spread with the first spreading sequence producing a second spread signal for transmission over a second antenna. The second antenna is not the first antenna. The relative position of the information signal and the first spreading sequence is different in the second spread signal than the first spread signal.

Abstract: Device for coupling two valve activating levers of an internal combustion engine with at least one carrier body (1) mounted on the internal combustion engine, wherein at least one hollow shaft (2) in which oil of the internal combustion engine is stored is attached to the carrier body, and a coupling pin (9) is supported parallel to the hollow shaft (2) in each of the valve activating levers (4a, 4b) and is spring loaded on one side and loaded by pressurized fluid on the other side in such a way that the coupling pin (9) connects or releases the valve activating levers (4a, 4b), wherein control of the pressurized fluid that is taken advantageously from the oil circuit of the internal combustion engine is realized by at least one electromagnetically activated valve (14) and wherein the supply of pressurized fluid is realized by channels (13) that are provided in the carrier body (1) or carrier bodies of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An enhanced uplink user equipment is in soft handover. A radio network controller selects a primary Node-B out of a plurality of Node-Bs supporting the soft handover. The radio network controller receiving successfully received enhanced uplink data packets from the plurality of Node-Bs. The radio network controller reordered the successfully received enhanced uplink data packets for in-sequence deliver. The primary Node-B sends specified scheduling information to the user equipment that the other Node-Bs does not transmit. At least the primary Node-B transmits acknowledgements and negative acknowledgements to the user equipment.

Abstract: A pet crate is provided having a blow molded polymeric base along with side, front and top panels made with strong, lightweight polymeric frame members and grates. The grates are used in the front, back and side panels to provide strength as well as a large open mesh area for better visibility and pet comfort. The mesh preferably is provided as hinged access panels at least on the sides. The front and top of the crate are also openable for access to the pet crate. The pet crate is collapsible to a folded, flat condition by unlatching the front panel and stowing it along the inside of the top panel and releasing latches between the top and back panels and the side panels. The side panels, back panel and top panel can then be collapsed inwardly onto one another to form a generally flat, stowed configuration for the pet crate.