Abstract: The present invention provides plastics ampoules made by the blow-fill-seal method which substantially overcome the problem of touch contamination of the neck of the ampoule by providing a funnel leading to the neck, this funnel also assisting docking of the head of a syringe.

Abstract: The dermal use of non-irritating retinoids such as the esters and amides of 13-cis and 13-trans-retinoic acid for effecting the reduction and reversal of photoaging and skin cancer is disclosed.

Abstract: A toy utilizing bubbles in liquid comprises a vessel to be charged with a liquid keeping an air layer at the top and to be sealed, a bubble generating member, and in-liquid movable members moved by bubbles rising in the liquid in the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides plastics ampoules made by the blow-fill-seal method which substantially overcome the problems of vacuum formation and touch contamination, during use, by providing one or more grooves in the neck of the ampoule to allow replacement of displaced liquid with air and/or a head sealed to the mouth of the opening by a frangible membrane and tapering up towards a grip away from the opening, and optionally a funnel leading to the neck, this funnel also assisting docking of the head of a syringe.

Abstract: A coupling device for joining the ends of rebars in an overlapping relationship which can be utilized to join the end of one rebar to another which cannot be directly reached, which essentially comprises a body having two elongated and parallel, side-by-side, cylindrical sockets therethrough having a size within which two rebars can be tightly inserted from opposite directions. The edge of the body forming the entrance ends of the sockets being flared out to facilitate insertion of the rebars, and the sides of the body forming the sockets having slits cut therethrough with the edges of the sheet metal adjacent to the slits facing away from the entrance end of the sockets being curved inward to engage the edges of the rebar and lock them in place.

Abstract: A saw mill guide rail capable of being quickly, easily and accurately aligned to the saw blade, having two intersecting surfaces machined into the head of the rail, each parallel to the rail head length and extending for the length of the rail, one being vertical and the other being horizontal, to thereby form a line of intersection, such that a straight-edge can be positioned against one or both said planar surfaces at the line of intersection to align the rail in a straight line in either or both the vertical and horizontal plane.

Abstract: An enzyme reactor system is provided based on the entrapment of an enzyme in a hydrogel layer coated on a support, and confined by an ultraporous thin film membrane diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier confines the enzyme, but lets substrate and reaction products diffuse feeely into and out of the hydrogel layer. In an alternate embodiment, the support is formed of an ultraporous thin film membrane diffusion barrier on a microporous or macroporous support, through which the reaction products can diffuse freely, but through which neither enzyme nor substrate can pass. In this embodiment, the product is recovered in high purity, free of substrate and enzyme.

Abstract: A one piece saw tooth insert for use in combination with a circular saw of the inserted bit type wherein said insert has a bit portion and a shank portion combined as a single piece, wherein the shank portion has a generally circular outer edge surface adapted to be received by a generally circular edge surface of said socket without any substantial deformation of said shank portion, and the bit portion has a generally circular outer edge surface adapted to be received by another circular edge surface on the socket, such that the bit portion is elastically deformed by being pivoted in the direction of the cutting edge of the insert to thereby lock the one piece insert into the socket.

Abstract: A running toy shooting apparatus having a toy holder which holds a running toy having a flywheel as drive wheel and is movable between a starting position and a shooting position located in front of the starting position, a spring for driving the toy holder up to the shooting position, a stopper for retaining the running toy held by the holder means, a releasing means for releasing the running toy from the stopper to move the toy holder to the shooting position by the spring, and an energizer for energizing the flywheel of the running toy at the starting position.

Abstract: Dental restorations are made of a high palladium alloy which consists essentially of, on a weight basis, 70-82 percent palladium; 5-8 percent gold; 6.5-8 weight percent silver; 5-9 percent gallium; from 4 to 8 weight percent of a surface oxide producing modifier selected from the group consisting of indium, tin and mixtures thereof, from 0.01 up to 2 percent, ordinarily less than about 0.5 percent, of an oxygen scavenging component which is a member selected from the group consisting of germanium, lithium and mixtures thereof; and up to 2 percent of a grain refiner selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhenium and iridium. Alloy can be melted without the need of shielding the alloy from the atmosphere.

Abstract: A dispersing agent of the formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## is the residue of a polyester chain having a molecular weight of at least 1000; ##STR3## is the residue of an aliphatic or aromatic amino acid; and --O--A--O--is the residue of a metal salt Me(OH).sub.2, Me(OCOR.sub.1).sub.2 or Me(OH).sub.2 --OCOR.sub.1, wherein R.sub.1.COO--is the residue of a carboxylic acid,optionally in combination with an aliphatic diamine NHR.sub.2 --T--NH.sub.2, wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-20 alkyl, and a salt of said diamine and a residual carboxylic acid deriving from the polyester mixture. The dispersing agents are useful for dispersing pigments and dyes in organic liquids.

Abstract: A rotary diverter valve for use in diverting fluid wherein the fluid port intersections between the valve body and rotary element are all at a flat planar interface to provide a flat, zero clearance, metal to metal contact. Live bolting is provided to adjust the contact pressure through a spherical bearing arrangement as will tolerate axial misalignment due to nonparallel loading to eliminate any need for critical torquing and widen manufacturing tolerances and reduce costs. When utilizing a replaceable transition plate between the rotary element and the valve body, wear on costly components is eliminated, and the valve is easy to maintain and repair.

Abstract: The present invention is based upon the performance of abrasive flow machining through pump casings and, more particularly, through volute casings whereby the internal surface friction of the casing is substantially reduced to consistently effect a minimal internal friction, operation after operation, and whereby the industry standards for internal friction values for pumps may be established.

Abstract: A bioreactor is disclosed in which cells are confined to a compartment formed by porous hydrophyllic sheet membranes through which a nutrient solution diffuses in and exocellular products and metabolic waste diffuse out. Adjacent gas compartments allow the flow of free oxygen into the cell compartment. Each cell compartment is configured to place cells within about 100-200 micrometers of the oxygen transport membrane.

Abstract: In a process for improving the adhesion of plastics to metals in the production of dental prostheses, in which a silicon dioxide layer is applied to the metal surface and subsequently silanized and then the plastic and metal bonded together the improvement consisting essentially of, forming the silicon dioxide layer by (1) applying a silica sol or dispersion of very finely divided silica to the metal surface and (2) baking the sol or dispersion at a temperature of 100.degree. to 800.degree. C.

Abstract: A system for light splitting particularly suitable for microscopic investtion of living tissues using the so called confocal or tandem scanning by a scanning disk with a number of spirally arranged elementary holes similar to a Nipkow disk. This system for light splitting uses a Koesters reflecting prism having a semi-transparent mirror coating between two parts of said prism. According to this invention this semi-transparent mirror coating is parallel with illuminating pencils of rays striking the prism and with image pencils of rays leaving the prism.

Abstract: A polyurethane glove having improved tear and puncture resistance is made from the reaction product of an aliphatic diisocyanate, an aliphatic polyether diol having a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to about 5,000 and an aliphatic diol containing about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An arrangement preventing the creation of secondary images in the case of the so called "tandem scanning" of objects by means of a scanning disk with spirally arranged openings similar to a Nipkow disk and a mirror provided on one of its surfaces with a semitransparent mirror layer in which said mirror has a thickness sufficient to space apart the light rays reflected from the mirrored and unmirrored surfaces so that only the light ray reflected from the mirrored surface will pass through the scanning disk.

Abstract: Dental restorations are made of a palladium alloy which consists essentially of, on a weight basis, 50-85 percent palladium; 5-40 percent of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper and cobalt; 1-15 percent gallium; up to 5 percent of a modifier selected from the group consisting of nickel, gold, indium, ruthenium, tin and mixtures thereof; from 0.005 up to 1 percent, ordinarily less than about 0.2 percent, of an oxygen scavenging component which is a member selected from the group consisting of germanium, lithium, and mixtures thereof; and up to 0.5 percent of a grain refiner selected from the group consisting of rhenium and iridium. The alloy is free of boron.

Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.