Abstract: This invention relates to feeding troughs for animals, particularly pigs. The feeding trough has an elongate trough member (10) subdivided by lateral partitions into individual compartments (11). The width (7) of the compartments (11), the height (3) of a front wall (13) of a trough over which the animal's head extends, and a canopy (15, 16) which restricts the space within the compartment into which the animal's head can reach are all designed ergonomically with respect to a range of animals intended to use the trough. The base of the trough is at floor level (18) and the front wall (13) extends from said floor level (18) to a predetermined minimum brisket height (3) of a predetermined smallest size of pig intended to feed. The trough member has an inner front wall (14) which extends angularly downwards and inwards of the trough to terminate at floor level (18) and an inner rear wall (17) which extends angularly downwards to terminate at a predetermined height above floor level at said mean reach.

Abstract: A method of sealing leaking gas pipe joints by injecting a catalyzed acrylic monomer composition into the leaking joint and curing the composition in the joint to seal the leak is characterized in that the composition when cured has a glass transition temperature which is no more than 0.degree. C. and is at least about 5.degree. C. below the minimum pipe joint operating temperature. Suitable sealants are mixture of long chain monoacrylic esters, hydroxy functional acrylic esters, acid monomers, plasticizers and polyfunctional acrylic esters.

Abstract: Polyfunctional cationically polymerizable styryloxy compound of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H, or one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H and the other is methyl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, lower alkyl, or alkoxy if R.sup.2 is not methyl; R.sup.5 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical; G is any multivalent organic or inorganic radical free of amino, aliphatic hydroxyl, aliphatic thiol or other groups which interfere with cationic polymerization; and n is an integer of two or more.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferable employed at levels of about 0.1-2% by weight of the composition.The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.3 is H, --CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)OH, CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)OR.sup.6, --C(.dbd.O)R.sup.8, hydrocarbyl, or trihydrocarbylsilyl or the two R.sup.3 groups together form a divalent hydrocarbyl or oxygen interrupted hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.4 is H or hydrocarbyl; R.sup.5 is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or hydrocarbyl substituted with halo, nitro, or oxo groups; R.sup.6 is as defined for R.sup.5 but different therefrom; and R.sup.8 is as defined for R.sup.5 but the same or different therefrom.

Abstract: Compositions of (a) a silicone resin characterized by an intermediate region free of acrylic groups, at least 150 siloxane units long, and terminal acrylic groups; (b) at least 10% of a fumed silica filler; and (c) a photoinitiator, can be cured by UV irradiation to tough elastomeric materials useful in adhesive and sealant applications.

Abstract: Compositions useful as UV curable conformal coatings are mixtures, substantially free of isocyanate condensation catalyst, of the following constituents:(i) a compound having two or more alkenyl or alkynyl groups;(ii) a compound having two or more mercapto groups;(iii) a compound having two or more isocyanate groups; and(iv) a free radical photoinitiator.The composition cures by a secondary mechanism in shadow areas and has a long pot life, for example 8-24 hours.

Abstract: A linear or cross-linked polymer selected from polythioethers, polyethers, styrenic polymers, polyacrylates, and polyorganosiloxanes having a plurality of calixarene groups bound thereon, the calixarene groups having the formula ##STR1## where the R.sup.1 groups are the same or different H or hydrocarbyl groups; the R.sup.2 groups are H, hydrocarbyl, --CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)OR.sup.3, --CH.sub.2 C(.dbd.O)R.sup.3, or --C(.dbd.O)NHR.sup.3, R.sup.3 is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl; n is an integer of 1-8, m is an integer of 0-7 and n+m is 4-8.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxane polymers which include at least one group of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is an organo group; R.sup.2 is alkylene or alkenylene; G is a n+1 valent hydrocarbon, oxyhydrocarbon or poly(oxyhydrocarbon) radical in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms may optionally be substituted by halogen atoms; R.sup.3 is H or an organic functional group, particularly polymerizable groups, polymerization accelerating groups or polymerization initiating groups; n is an integer of 2 or more provided that when n is 2 and one of R.sup.3 is H, the other R.sup.3 group is also H; and a is 0, 1 or 2.Additional polyorganosiloxane polymers include at least one group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sup.4 R.sup.5 are H or a mono valent hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Polyfunctional cationically polymerizable styryloxy compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is H or methyl; R.sup.2 is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl interrupted by ether oxygen atoms, or halo substituted hydrocarbyl; R.sup.3 is H, lower alkyl, or alkoxy; G is any multivalent organic or inorganic radical free of amino or aliphatic thiol groups; and n is an integer of two or more.

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions which employ calixarene compounds as additives give substantially reduced fixture and cure times on de-activating substrates such as wood. The calixarene compounds are preferably employed at levels of about 0.1-1% by weight of the composition. The calixarene compounds particularly useful in this invention may be represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8.The compositions are further characterized by a thickener component, which may suitably be selected from various polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate), methacrylate type copolymers, acrylic rubbers, polyvinyl acetate and poly(.alpha.-cyanoacrylate) or silicas treated with polydialkylsiloxanes or trialkylsilanes.

Abstract: An anaerobic sealant material comprises an acrylate or methacrylate monomer, a hydroperoxide or pereseter initiator, an accelerator having --SO.sub.2 NHCO-functionality, and a transition metal co-accelerator gives substantially reduced moisture sensitivity if the transition metal co-accelerator is a combination of a copper salt or complex at the level of 0.5-10 ppm copper and an iron complex or salt at the level of 0.5-60 ppm iron.

Abstract: Products formed from chlorosulfonyl isocyanate either by sequentially reaction of a hydroxy functional compound followed by reaction of the sulfonyl chloride group with a primary or secondary amine, or by reaction of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with an excess of primary or secondary amine, are cure accelerators for acrylic compositions. Depending on the choice of alcohol or amine, the accelerator may be functionalized so that it is bound or bindable to an organic or silicone polymer backbone or contains other desirable functionality such as peroxy, photosensitizer, or acrylic groups.

Abstract: Additive compounds useful as accelerators in storage stable cyanoacrylate adhesive formulations have the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkyl or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; and n=4, 6, or 8. The compounds may be effectively employed at levels of between about 0.1% and 1% by weight of a cyanoacrylate adhesive composition.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboxyalkyl or carboxyaryl;R.sup.2 is any group which does not cause spontaneous decomposition of the peroxy group; andx and y are integers between 0 and 4 with x+y great than or equal to 1, are disclosed.The inventive compounds are useful as visible and UV photoinitiators and as thermal or chemical initiators for curing compositions of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and prepolymers.

Abstract: Novel polymeric photocleavable photoinitiators are prepared by the hydrosilation reaction of an organosilicon hydride grafting agent which has a photoinitiating aromatic-aliphatic ketone derivative of at least one organo group, with a polymer having a plurality of unsaturated olefinic or acetylenic sites in the presence of a hydrosilation catalyst. Preferred polymers are butadiene or alkyl substituted butadiene polymers and copolymers and vinyl functional polyorganosiloxanes. The grafting agents have the formula (hv)--R.sup.8 --R.sup.5 --H wherein (hv) is a photoinitiating aromatic-aliphatic ketone group, R.sup.8 is selected from alkylene, alkenylene, alkylenoxy and oxy groups, and R.sup.5 is selected from ##STR1## the R.sup.6 groups are the same or different organo or halo groups and n is an integer.

Abstract: An adhesive composition which exhibits fast curing through large gaps is disclosed. The composition comprises (A) at least one addition polymerizable vinyl-type monomer; (B) at least one free radical stabilizer; and (C) a free radical cure system. The free radical cure system comprises (i) at least one free radical initiator, and (ii) at least one ferrocene type compound.

Abstract: A polyorganosiloxane polymer having a structure represented by one of the formulas(AB).sub.m C or [(AB).sub.m ].sub.n SiR.sub.(4-n)where the R groups are the same or different organic groups other than acrylic groups or groups co-curable therewith; A is a linear polyorganosiloxane segment containing between 3 and about 50 siloxane repeat units at least 3 of which are acrylic groups containing repeat units represented by the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is H or lower alkyl, R.sup.2 is alkylene or alkenylene, and y is 0-4; B is a polyorganopolysiloxane segment represented by the formula ##STR2## where x is an integer of at least 100; C is A or a triorganosilyl group; m is an integer of 1 or more; and n is 3 or 4.

Abstract: A polyorganosiloxane polymer having a structure represented by one of the formulas(AB).sub.m Cor[(AB).sub.m ].sub.n SiR.sub.(4-n)where the R groups are the same or different organic groups other than acrylic groups or groups co-curable therewith; A is a linear polyorganosiloxane segment containing between 3 and about 50 siloxane repeat units at least 3 of which are acrylic group containing repeat units represented by the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is lower alkyl, the R.sup.2 groups are the same or different alkylene, alkyleneoxy or alkenylene groups, and y is 0-4; B is a polyorganosiloxane segment represented by the formula ##STR2## where x is an integer of at least 100; C is A or a triorganosilyl group; m is an integer of 1 or more; and n is 3 or 4.

Abstract: A curable composition of a vinyl ether resin and at least one ferricenium salt of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different H or alkyl groups or a linkage to a polymer backbone; M is a metal or metalloid; X is a halide; and n is an integer equal to 1 plus the valency of M.

Abstract: Elastomer toughened two-part acrylic monomer adhesives which employ styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubbers as the elastomer have improved heat resistance properties at temperatures typical of industrial paint bake ovens. The adhesives include: in one part an acrylic monomer, at least 33% by weight of the rubber dissolved in the monomer, and a free radical catalyst system free of organic sulfonyl chloride; and in the other part a polymerization activator such as an amine-aldehyde condensation product.