Abstract: The invention is directed to highly crystalline, frit-sintered glass-ceramic materials and seals made using them that are suitable for solid oxide fuel cell applications. The seals have a coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 70-130×10?7° C., preferably 85-115×10?7° C. The glass-ceramic materials have a crystalline component and a glass component, the crystalline component being>50% of the glass-ceramic and the glass component being<50%. In one preferred embodiment the crystalline component is >75%. Regarding the crystalline component only,>50% of the crystals in the crystalline component of the glass-ceramic has a structure selected from the structural groups represented by walstromite, cyclowollastonite, ?-(Ca,Sr)SiO3, kalsilite, kaliophilite and wollastonite (the primary crystalline phase) and the remaining <50% of the crystalline component is at least one secondary crystalline phase.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a silver-containing polarizing boroaluminosilicate glass composition that has been doped with a noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Os, Ir, Rh and Ru, including mixtures thereof, to nucleate and precipitate silver ions to silver metal without the need for a reducing atmosphere step. The invention is further directed to a method for making the glass composition of the invention. Using the composition and method of the invention, one can prepare a glass having a selected null transmission range.

Abstract: The invention is directed to preparing optical elements having a thin, smooth, dense coating or film thereon, and a method for making such coating or film. The coated element has a surface roughness of <1.0 nm rms. The coating materials include hafnium oxide or a mixture of hafnium oxide and another oxide material, for example silicon dioxide. The method includes the use of a reverse mask to deposit the coating or film on a rotating substrate.

Abstract: An internally nucleated, toughened cordierite glass-ceramic is disclosed. The cordierite glass-ceramic has good oxidation resistance and fracture toughness and coefficient of thermal expansion rivaling that of silicon nitride. The glass-ceramic may be cast as a liquid. Annealing produces a material of high crystallinity combining high hardness, high Young's modulus, good thermal stability, high strength, low density and good dielectric properties. The glass-ceramic comprises interlocking crystalline phases dominated by cordierite and a second phase having an elongated or acicular structure. A third phase may comprise a crystalline ceramic that promotes acicularity of the second phase. The third phase is preferably capable of twinning.

Abstract: A substrate includes an opaque chrome coating on a surface of the substrate dry-etched to form an aperture, wherein chrome in the aperture is below detectable limit. A method of forming an opaque chrome coating having at least two layers on a substrate includes depositing an initial chrome layer having a thickness of less than 10 nm on the substrate without ion-assist or with undetectable ion-assist, and then depositing the remainder of the at least two layers, with or without ion-assist, to form an opaque chrome coating.

Abstract: The invention is directed to lead-free glass frit compositions that can be used as sealing frits, the compositions being a blend of: (1) at least one of two glass families which are SnO—ZnO—P2O5 and alkali-ZnO—P2O5 glasses; and (2) at least one cerammed filler material having a crystalline phase selected from the group consisting of beta-quartz, beta-eucryptite, cordierite, and beta-spodumene. The blends of the invention have flow characteristics that enable them to be used at sealing temperatures in the range of 450-550° C., and a CTE value in the range of 60-90×10?7/° C.

Abstract: The invention is directed to highly crystalline, frit-sintered glass-ceramic compositions having a coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 85-115×10?7° C. The primary crystal phases of the glass-ceramics of the invention possess a cyclosilicate structure. The glass-ceramic of the invention are useful as metal-to-metal, metal-to-ceramic and ceramic-to-ceramic sealing agents, and also as high-performance coating for metals and ceramics. In their broadest composition the glass-ceramic contain, in weight percent, 30-55% SiO2, 5-40% CaO, 0-50% BaO, 0.1-10% Al2O3, and 0-40% SrO, wherein the sum of CaO+BaO+SrO is in the range of 35-65 wt. %. Optionally, the glass-ceramic compositions may contain at least one from the group of >0-15 wt. % MgO and >0-10 wt. % ZnO. Also optionally, the glass ceramic compositions may contain >0-10 wt. % of at least one transition metal or rare earth metal oxide.

Abstract: The invention is directed to highly crystalline, frit-sintered glass-ceramic compositions having a coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 85-115×10?7° C. The primary crystal phases of the glass-ceramics of the invention possess a cyclosilicate structure. The glass-ceramic of the invention are useful as metal-to-metal, metal-to-ceramic and ceramic-to-ceramic sealing agents, and also as high-performance coating for metals and ceramics.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a hermetically sealed device and a method for making such device. The device includes optical, micro-electromechanical, electronic and opto-electronic devices, having a substrate with one or a plurality of optical, opto-electronic, electronic or micro-electromechanical (“MEMS”) elements either singly or in combination that are located on a substrate; a covering having a top part and an extension extending a distance from the top part from the top part, an adhesive that is used to bond the extension portion of the covering to the substrate; and a sealing agent for hermetically sealing the area where the covering extension is bonded to the substrate. In the method of the invention the sealing agent is applied using atomic layer deposition techniques.

Abstract: The invention is directed to chalcogenide glasses suitable for use in plastics forming processes. The glasses have the general formula YZ, where Y is Ge, As, Sb or a mixture of two or more of the sane; Z is Se, Te, or a mixture of Se+Te; and Y and Z are present in amounts (in atomic/element percent) in the range of Y=15-70% and Z=30-85%. The chalcogenide glasses of the invention have a 10,000 poise temperature of 400° C. and are resistant to crystallization when processed at high shear rates at their 10,000 poise temperature. The glasses can be used to make, among other items, molded telecommunication elements, lenses and infrared sensing devices.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for growing metal fluoride crystals suitable for use in below 200 nm optical lithography systems, the method comprising including at least the step of heating a crystal growth furnace to a temperature in the range of 1400-2000° C. to purify the furnace by removal of sulfur and chlorine prior to using the furnace for growing metal fluoride single crystals.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of making large diameter metal fluoride sungle crystals that can be used in optical lithograpby systems, for example, excimer laser that operate below 200 nm. In addition, the invention is directed to metal fluoride single crystals suitable for use in such lithographic ststems, such fluoride crystals having a internal transmission of ?99.9% at 193 nm and ?99.0% at 157 nm.

Abstract: The invention is directed to hermetically sealed optical lithography components or elements that are hermetically sealed by a durable coat of a hermetically sealing material selected from the group consisting of oxide and fluorinated oxide films. The durable coating of the hermetically sealing material is applied to one of more faces of the optical element, either directly to the face of the element or over a selected coating (for example, an anti-reflective coating) that has been applied to the element. The invention is further directed to a method of making hermetically sealed optical elements.

Abstract: A method of making below 250-nm UV light transmitting optical fluoride lithography crystals includes applying heat along a shortest path of conduction of a selected optical fluoride crystal, heating the optical fluoride crystal to an annealing temperature, holding the temperature of the optical fluoride crystal at the annealing temperature, and gradually cooling the optical fluoride crystal to provide a low-birefringence optical fluoride crystal for transmitting below 250-nm UV light.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curved honeycomb article having a first face, a second face, and a plurality of channels formed from the first face to the second face, each channel having a channel axis, the curved honeycomb article having a width of at least about 15 cm in at least one direction in the plane normal to a channel axis at its geometrical center, each channel having a virtual channel extension associated therewith, the virtual channel extensions defining a convergence area substantially smaller than the occluded area of the curved honeycomb article. Methods for making the curved honeycomb article and apparati using the curved honeycomb article are also disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate with a patterned opaque coating formable into an opaque aperture in one process is provided. The opaque coating includes at least a bottom layer and a top layer. The bottom and top layers each include a material selected from the group consisting of chrome and chrome oxide. The top layer has a compressive stress, which makes the opaque coating more resistant to pinhole formation during downstream processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides doped titania-doped silica glass articles having low thermal expansions and low variations in thermal expansion. According to one embodiment of the invention, a titania-doped silica glass article has a titania content of between about 5 wt % and about 9 wt %; a coefficient of thermal expansion of between about ?30 ppb/° C. and about +30 ppb/° C. at a temperature between 15° C. and 30° C.; and a variation in coefficient of thermal expansion of less than about 5 ppb/° C. at a temperature between 15° C. and 30° C.

Abstract: The invention is directed to aromatic vinyl sulfide compounds of general formula A(—S—CH?CH2)z, wherein z is in the range of 1–4 and A represents highly halogenated and highly halogenated-deuterated phenyl, biphenyl and naphthalene compounds; highly halogenated and highly halogenated-deuterated biphenyl ethers and thioethers; and highly halogenated and highly halogenated-deuterated unsaturated 5- and 6-member heterocyclic ring systems containing carbon and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The aromatic vinyl sulfide compounds of the invention can be used to prepare elements and devices suitable for use in optical communications.

Abstract: A method is provided for molding from glass certain complex optical components, such as lenses, microlens, arrays of microlenses, and gratings or surface-relief diffusers having fine or hyperfine microstructures suitable for optical or electro-optical applications. Thereby, mold masters or patterns, which define the profile of the optical components, made on metal alloys, particularly titanium or nickel alloys, or refractory compositions, with or without a non-reactive coating are used. Given that molding optical components from oxide glasses has numerous drawbacks, it has been discovered in accordance with the invention that non-oxide glasses substantially eliminates these drawbacks. The non-oxide glasses, such as chalcogenide, chalcohalide, and halide glasses, may be used in the mold either in bulk, planar, or power forms. In the mold, the glass is heated to about 10–110° C., preferably about 50° C.

Abstract: The invention is directed to polymerizable vinyl compounds having halogenated aromatic groups and to a method of synthesizing such compounds. In particular, the invention is directed to polymerizable aromatic vinyl compounds wherein, except for the vinylic hydrogen atoms, aromatic C—H bonds are replaced by C—X bonds, where X is a halogen or other selected substituent having a de minimus number, if any, of C—H bonds; for example, without limitation, highly fluorinated fluoroalkanes. In addition, the compounds of the invention have a de minimus number, if any, of N—H and O—H bonds.