Abstract: The invention provides methods of detecting shikimic acid comprising the steps of: oxidizing shikimic acid with periodic acid or a reagent comprising periodate and periodic acid; adding a strong base to generate a chromophore; stabilizing the chromophore with sulfite; detecting the presence of the chromophore; and optionally quantifying the amount of the chromophore. The methods of the invention can be performed directly with tissue extracts, preferably plant tissue extracts.

Abstract: Novel fungicidal compositions having a synergistically increased action, wherein component a) is a 4-phenoxyquinoline of formula I  in association with b) either an azole fungicide (II), or a morpholine fungicide (III), or a compound of formula IV (spiroxamine), or a compound of formula V (fenpropidine), or a compound of formula VI (dimethomorph), or a compound of formula VII (pyrimethanil, cyprodinil), or prochloraz.

Abstract: &agr;-Sulfenimino acid derivatives of formula I including the optical isomers thereof and mixtures of such isomers, wherein A is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl, each optionally substituted, B is a direct bond or optionally substituted alkylene, E is hydrogen or optionally substituted aryl, R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or arylalkyl, each optionally substituted, and T is NH or oxygen, have been found to be useful for controlling or preventing the infestation of plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi. The invention relates the novel compounds and also to the preparation thereof and to the use of the compounds for plant protection, and to compositions suitable for applying the novel compounds in agricultural techniques.

Abstract: Propargylether derivatives of formula I including the optical isomers thereof and mixtures of such isomers, wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or optionally substituted aryl, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl, R4 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl and R9 is a group R10 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, R11 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, Z is hydrogen —CO—R16, —COOR16, —CO—COOR16 or —CONR16R17, R12 is hydrogen, or optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, R13 is hydrogen or alkyl, R14 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl, R15 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aryl-alkyl, and R16 and R17 are independently of each other hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an organic compound of formula (I) and optionally its E/Z-isomers, E/Z-isomer mixtures and/or tautomers, each in free or salt form, R1 representing hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R2 representing hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl or a radical —CH2B, Het representing an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic radical and B representing phenyl, 3-pyridyl or thiazolyl, these being optionally substituted. The invention is characterized in that a compound of formula (IIa) Q—A—Q, wherein A represents a direct bond or an organic radical, or of formula (IIb), wherein U represents an organic radical, Q representing (1) in the compounds (IIa) and (IIb) and R1, R2 and Het having the meaning given above for formula (I), and optionally their E/Z-isomers, E/Z-isomer mixtures and/or tautomers, each in free or salt form are hydrolyzed.

Abstract: A pesticidal composition in the form of an aqueous suspoemulsion, comprising at least two pesticides A and B which are substantially insoluble in water, wherein pesticide A is solid and pesticide B is liquid or dissolved in a hydrophobic organic solvent, and a combination of surfactants comprising (1) a tristyrylphenol-ethoxylate having 6-14, in nonionic form and (2) a tristyrylphenol-ethoxylate having 14-18 mol ethoxylate, in form of its sulfate or phosphate, in anionic or acid form, and (3) a dioctyl-sulfosuccinate salt.

Abstract: A plant-microbicidal composition having synergistic action, comprising at least two active ingredient components, wherein component I is a compound selected from the group (IA) 1-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-ylmethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“epoxiconazol”); (IB) 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-butyronitrile (“fenbuconazol”); (IC) 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-cyclopentanol (“metconazol”); (ID) 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (“tetraconazol”); (IE) &agr;-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-&agr;-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (“tebuconazol”); (IF) 1-[4-bromo-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)tetrahydrofurfuryl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (“bromuconazol”); or in each case one of the salts or metal complexes thereof; and component II is (IIA) 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxol

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions containing glyphosate trimesium and an antidotally effective amount of a photosystem II inhibitor compound to reduce the infrequent expression of short term transitory cosmetic plant effect to glyphosate tolerant soybeans from glyphosate trimesium. Methods for reducing the infrequent expression of short term transitory cosmetic plant effect to glyphosate tolerant crop plants due to glyphosate trimesium are also described.

Abstract: Novel pyrimidin-4-one and pyrimidin-4-thione derivatives of formula (I) wherein A is phenyl, thienyl (including all 3 isomers), thiazolyl or pyridyl; X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is hydrogen, halogen or trimethylsilyl; R2 is hydrogen, halogen or trimethysilyl; and at least one of R1 and R2 is not hydrogen; R3 is C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C2-C6haloalkynyl, —(CH2)n—C3-C8cycloalkyl which are unsubstitituted or substituted by halogen, C1-C6alkyl or C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy-C1-C6alkyl; C1-C4alkoxy-C2-C6alkenyl; C1-C4alkoxy-C2-C6alkenyl; C1-C4alkythio-C1-C6alkyl; C1-C4alkylthio-C2-C6alkenyl; C1-C4alkythio-C2-C6alkynyl; mono-C1-C4alkylamin-C1-C6alkyl; mono-C1-C4alkylamin-C1-C6alkenyl; mono-C1-C4alkylamin-C2-C6alkynyl; —(CH2)n—C1-C4alkoxy-C3-C6cycloalkyl; —(CH2)n—C1-C4alkylthio-C3-C6cycloalkyl; —(CH2)2-mono-C1-C4alkylamin-C3-C6cycloalkyl; or N═CR9R10; n is 1, 2, 3, or 4; R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are each independently of the

Abstract: The invention relates to novel fungicidal compositions having a synergistically increased action, wherein component a) is a thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one of formula I wherein R1 is halogen, R2 is C1-C5alkyl, —CH2-cyclopropyl and R3 is C1-C5alkyl, —CH2-cyclopropyl; in association with b) either an anilinopyrimidine fungicide (II), or an azole fungicide (III), or a morpholine fungicide (IV), or a strobilurin compound (V), or a pyrrole compound (VI), or a phenylamide (VII), or a dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from mancozeb, maneb, metiram and zineb, or a copper compound selected from copper hydroxide, coopper oxychloride, copper sulfate and oxine-copper, or a phthalimide compound (VIII), or prochloraz, or triflumizole, or pyrifenox, or acibenzolar-S-methyl, or chlorothalonil, or cymoxanil, or dimethomorph, or famoxadone, or fenhexamide, or fenarimol, or fluazinam, or fosetyl-aluminium, orquinoxyfen, or fenpropidine, or spiroxamine, or carbendazime, or thlabendazole, or

Abstract: The invention relates to novel fungicidal compositions based on cyproconazole and quaternary ammonium salts which have surprisingly powerful synergistic effects in the control and prevention of wood-destroying fungi.

Abstract: A composition, which comprises at least one compound of the formula in which A1, A2, R1 and R2 are as defined in claim 1, or, if appropriate, an E/Z isomer, an E/Z isomer mixture and/or a tautomer thereof in each case in free form or in aqrochemically utilizable salt form, as active ingredient and at least one auxiliary, can used for pest control.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel fungicidal compositions having synergistically increased action, wherein component a) is a pyrimidin-4-one of formula i in association with b) either an anilinopyrimidine fungicide (II), or an azole fungicide (III), or a morpholine fungicide (IV), or a strobilurin compound (V), or a pyrrole compound (VI), or a phenylamide (VII), or a dithiocarbamate fungicide selected from mancozeb, maneb, metiram and zineb, or a copper compound selected from copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate and oxine-copper, or a phthalimide compound (VIII), or prochloraz, or triflumizole, or pyrifenox, or acibenzolar-S-methyl, or chlorothalonil, or cymoxanil, or dimethomorph, or famoxadone, or fenhexamide, or fluazinam, or fosetyl-aluminium, or quinoxyfen, or spiroxamine, or carbendazime, or thiabendazole, or ethirimol, or triazoxide, or guazatine.

Abstract: A herbicidal composition comprising, in addition to customary inert formulation assistants, a compound of formula I wherein either A1 is nitro and A2 is hydrogen or A1 is methyl and A2 is methoxy, and their salts, and b) a synergistically effective amount of one or more compounds selected from the compound of formula (2.1) to (2.33). The compositions according to the invention may also contain a safener.

Abstract: Trifluoromethylbiphenylyl-dihalophenylazolines of formula I wherein X and Y are, independently fluorine or chlorine, and Z is O or S, their tautomers and salts are disclosed which are useful as pesticides. Compositions of these compounds of these compounds, their use in pesticidal applications, methods of manufacture thereof and intermediates in the manufacturing process are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel herbicidally active 3-hydroxy-4-aryl-5-oxopyrazoline derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to compositions which comprise these compounds and may additionally comprise safeners, and to the use of these compounds as herbicides for controlling weeds and grasses, in particular in crops of useful plants.

Abstract: Compounds of formula 1, wherein R1 is CO2CH3, CON(CH3)2, OCH2CF3, N(CH3)COCH3, N(CH3)SO2CH3, CF3 or SO2C2H5; R2 is hydrogen or CF3; and M is sodium or potassium are prepared by reacting a compound of formula IV in an aprotic, organic solvent either with a compound of formula V or with NH3 in an aprotic, organic solvent to form a compound of formula III reacting this with a hydride, hydroxide, alcoholate, hydrogen carbonate or carbonate of sodium or potassium in an aprotic, organic solvent to form a compound of formula II and then with a compound of formula VI wherein R1 and R2 are as defined under formula I.

Abstract: A herbicidal synergistic composition, comprising, besides customary inert formulation auxiliaries, a compound of formula I and a synergistically active amount of at least one active ingredient selected from among the compounds of formula II

Abstract: A herbicidal composition comprising, in addition to conventional inert formulation adjuvants, the compound of formula I in admixture with a second component comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ametryn, atrazine, hexazinone, asulam, diuron, 2,4-D, halosulfuron and butafenacil-allyl.

Abstract: A method of protecting plants against attack by nematodes which comprises applying an effective amount to the plants, to parts of the plants and/or to the locus of the plants a compound having plant immunizing properties; such compounds are for example isonicotinic acid-derivatives, benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole-derivatives, pyrido-1,2,3-thiadiazole-derivatives and thieno-1,2,3-thiadiazole-derivatives.