Abstract: Methods and apparatus using time domain reflectometry to determine electrical properties of concrete for calculating physical and mechanical properties of the concrete that are indicative of concrete quality and durability. The dielectric constant of a concrete is determined to calculate the gravimetric water content of the concrete for use in finding the water-cement ratio of the concrete. Electrical conductivity of curing concrete is determined to calculate compressive strength of the concrete for use in predicting strength development in the concrete.

Abstract: A system for knowledge transfer in a group setting comprises a plurality of participant work areas and a moderator work area. Each of the plurality of participant work areas has at least one corresponding participant input-device, and each of the participant input-devices is adapted to define participant images that are then included on the corresponding participant work area. The moderator work area comprises at least one moderator input-device. The at least one moderator input-device is adapted to define moderator images that are then included on the moderator work area and to select moderator images that are then simultaneously included on each of plurality of participant work areas. The moderator input-device is further adapted to select participant images from any of the plurality of participant work areas that are then included on the moderator work area.

Abstract: A signal-to-noise ratio dependent adaptive spectral subtraction process eliminates noise from noise-corrupted speech signals. The process first pre-emphasizes the frequency components of the input sound signal which contain the consonant information in human speech. Next, a signal-to-noise ratio is determined and a spectral subtraction proportion adjusted appropriately. After spectral subtraction, low amplitude signals can be squelched. A single microphone is used to obtain both the noise-corrupted speech and the average noise estimate. This is done by determining if the frame of data being sampled is a voiced or unvoiced frame. During unvoiced frames an estimate of the noise is obtained. A running average of the noise is used to approximate the expected value of the noise. Spectral subtraction may be performed on a composite noise-corrupted signal, or upon individual sub-bands of the noise-corrupted signal.

Abstract: A real-time wireless video exposure monitoring system comprising an exposure monitor, located at a field site, which detects the level of an environmental contaminant and supplies corresponding data via a serial data port to a serial-to-wireless bridge for real-time wireless transmission of the data to a wireless Internet access point. The system includes a video camera at the field site and a wireless video connection for transmitting video images from the video camera in real time to the wireless Internet access point. A client computer, which may be at a central station at a distant location, is adapted to connect via the Internet to the wireless bridge and the wireless video connection so as to receive real-time contaminant level data and real-time video, the client computer configured to provide real-time data recording and analysis.

Abstract: A multi-coil NMR probe using nonmagnetic diodes as switches located in close proximity to the radio-frequency circuit of the sample coils within the probe.

Abstract: A computer based bird control system is provided. The bird control system utilizes an impactor that is attachable to a structure, such as an I-beam or other similarly sized and dimensioned metal object, to create an acoustic impact noise similar to a whacking of the structure. The impactor is preferably actuated at a random or a semi-random impact rate such as around once every ten seconds. The acoustic impact noise may be provided in addition to the playing of bird predator or other deterrent sounds maintained in audio files on the computer. The system also provides audio and/or physical bird presence detection within a monitored area. Detection of the presence of a bird may be used as a trigger for the actuation of the impactor and/or predator/deterrent sounds. Actuation of the impactor and/or sound files may be accomplished via a schedule through the use of timer files in addition to or in place of animal presence detection.

Abstract: An optical noninvasive vital sign monitor comprising a reflectance-type optical sensor within a pressurizable capsule retained by a headband, the capsule having an optically transparent or translucent inner wall adapted for placement against a subject's forehead. The optical sensor is mounted on the inside surface of the pressurizable capsule's inner wall, which contacts the subject's forehead during use, and includes a light source and a photodetector aimed toward the inside surface of the inner capsule wall. One embodiment of the vital sign monitor includes optical oscillometric circuit means responsive to an output signal from the optical sensor for determining systolic pressure, mean pressure and diastolic pressure during a transition in capsule pressure between a pressure greater than normal systolic pressure and a pressure less than normal diastolic pressure.

Abstract: A real-time video radiation exposure monitoring system comprising a Geiger-Müeller meter and a video camera linked to a computer programmed to display video images from the camera simultaneously with data from the Geiger-Müeller meter. A radio modem provides wireless data communications between the Geiger-Müeller and the computer. One aspect of the invention is a retrofit of a conventional Geiger-Müeller meter to include a microcontroller with internal A/D converter enabling the meter to output instantaneous measurements in RS-232 serial format.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring the state of polarization (SOP) for each wavelength channel in a multi-wavelength-channel light beam are disclosed. The system includes a set of two or more rapidly switchable waveplates switched to form a sequence of secondary light beams having different polarizations. A polarizer filters the set of secondary light beams, and a spectral dispersing element spatially divides the secondary light beams into their respective wavelength components. A detector array measures in parallel the intensity of the different wavelength components for each of the polarization-filtered light beams. A controller stores the intensity measurements and calculates the Stokes parameters for each wavelength component, thereby characterizing the SOP for all the wavelength channels of the multi-wavelength light beam.

Abstract: A sub-assembly for a multiple bed unit having an elongate bed rail and a bed end including a pair of spaced, substantially vertical posts affixed to a side of the bed rail. Each of the posts includes a rail connector for receiving a rail of another bed. A multiple bed unit includes a first bed having a pair of bed ends, a side rail and a sub-assembly connected between and supported by the bed ends, and a second bed having a bed end and at least one side rail connected between the bed end of the second bed and the bed end of the sub-assembly of the first bed.

Abstract: A Web-based method for identifying matching or comparable siding materials for use in construction repair, remodeling and the like. The method employs an online computer network such as the Internet to provide access to a database of siding materials organized by siding profile and grain information—including such information not only for currently available products but for discontinued products—from different siding manufacturers. When performing a search for siding matching a given sample, a user accesses the database, selects a desired profile based on visual similarity between the sample and images of siding profiles stored in the database, and then selects a desired grain type based on visual similarity between the sample and images of siding of various grain types for the selected profile. The database preferably also contains a color specimen for each siding profile and grain type for visual comparison of color.