Abstract: A dual mode mirror imaging system is described having a Cassegrain-type objective assembly having a primary mirror with a hole in its center and a secondary mirror spaced in front of the primary mirror, and imager optics disposed in the hole. The secondary mirror is adapted to receive laser wavelength light and infrared wavelength light reflected from the primary mirror and to reflect the light back through the imager optics to focal plane. The secondary mirror has one reflecting surface for the laser light and another reflecting surface for the infrared light. The pair of reflecting surface is positioned to change the optical path length between the laser light and the infrared light so that the laser light and the infrared light are imaged at the same focal plane without defocusing.

Abstract: The present invention is a modified darlington phototransistor wherein a phototransistor is coupled to a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT). This design provides a high sensitivity and a fast response and effectively increases the gain of the photocurrent. This circuit is particularly will suited for the readily available CMOS and Bipolar Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (BiCMOS) processes prevalent today.

Abstract: The End Pumped Slab Laser Cavity incorporates all optical components required for a short-pulse laser. These optical components are ‘locked’ into alignment forming an optical laser cavity for diode laser or flash lamp pumping. The optical laser cavity never needs optical alignment after it is fabricated. The cavity is configured for optimal absorbtion for diode laser end-pumping over broad temperature ranges.

Abstract: A projectile in a cartridge designed to be launched from a grenade launcher. The projectile is adapted to be secured to the housing of the cartridge. The projectile includes a camera contained in the projectile body and connected thereto by a cord, and a transmitter contained in the projectile body and connected to the camera. In addition, the projectile includes elements for pinning the front part of the projectile body to a target, and elements for separating the front part of the projectile body from the back part of the projectile body and expelling the camera from the projectile body when the projectile is pinned to the target so that the camera is freely suspended from the projectile by the cord and can rotate in a wind through 180 degrees to observe its surroundings and transmit images thereof.

Abstract: An IR sensor device in accordance with the present invention includes an optical train, a focal plane array (FPA) for receiving incoming ray bundles that have passed through the optical train, and a decentered plano-convex field lens positioned therebetween the filed lens is decentered in that it is positioned so that the optical axis intersects the fields lens at an offset distance from the geometric center of the lens perimenter. When the field lens is positioned in this manner, optical ray bundles that pass through the field lens establish a revised image plane. To compensate for the revised image plane, the FPA is titled until the FPA is co-planar with the revised image plane. Any reflected optical ray bundles are refracted as they pass back through the field lens and directed away from the pupil, to prevent reflected optical ray bundles from entering the optical train and leaving the sensor as an IR retro-reflection during operation of the device.

Abstract: A low-loss magnetic structure that provides an electron beam focusing field that can be accessed without field reversal. More specifically, the structure provides a uniform magnetic field that can be accessed from an adjacent field-free chamber within which an electron beam source of any size can be housed. The field-free chamber is separated from uniform field by a passive ferromagnet having a hole through which the electron beam can pass. The passive ferromagnet is instrumental in preventing the uniform field from entering the field-free chamber.

Abstract: A digital microelectronic replacement package includes at least one buffer die in combination with a programmable device or memory. The buffer die performs the functions of impedance-matching, delay-matching, and voltage-matching, while the programmable device or memory can be used to emulate the logic and/or storage functions of the original digital microelectronic circuit; the package of the invention can be used as a direct replacement for a digital microelectronic circuit without the requirement that the original circuit board be redesigned to accommodate modern voltage, impedance, and delay specifications associated with the programmable device or memory.

Abstract: An imaging system for transferring an infrared (IR) image to a visible image. The imaging system includes a polarization rotator that rotates the polarization of a visible light beam in response to absorptions of radiation from the IR image. A polarizer outputs components of the visible light beam as a function of the amount of absorbed radiation from the IR image. The polarization rotator is formed from a multiple quantum well structure grown on a semiconductor substrate with a thermally induced uniaxial, in-plane, compressive strain. The multiple quantum well structure includes a heterostructure of undoped barrier layers and doped quantum well layers. The strain causes the quantum well layers to have anisotropic radiation absorption characteristics. In particular, orthogonal components of the visible light parallel to and perpendicular to the strain will experience different degrees of absorption.

Abstract: A chemical/biological sensor is formed from a coated microresonator array. In operation, both mass changes and temperature changes due to the presence of a particular substance or agent will cause an output frequency change which can be attributed to that particular substance or agent. Further, the frequency changes caused by mass loading can be distinguished from those frequency changes caused by temperature changes due to the heat from adsorption or reaction. This is because frequency changes due to mass loading are independent from frequency changes due to temperature changes, and therefore, by measuring the frequency changes of the microresonators coated with a variety of adsorbers, one can independently separate the two types of frequency changes, and, thereby, identify and quantify the adsorbing agents.

Abstract: A carrier transport media is doped with impurities or includes barrier structures within or on the carrier transport media and a sinusoidally alternating external electric field(s) with frequencies equal to the Bloch frequency divided by an integer is applied to the carrier transport media to alter the effective barriers of the impurities or barrier structures to an arbitrarily large potential compared to the zero field barrier potential. The various impurities or barrier structures are band engineered and deposited, grown or implanted in the carrier transport media and can take any form such as barrier layers in or on the transport media, laterally induced barriers, and impurities or defects in the carrier transport media. The application of time-dependent external fields across a length of nanoscale or mesoscopic structure leads to an effective renominalization of the barrier potential strengths when the frequency of the applied electric field multiplied by an integer is equal to the Bloch frequency.

Abstract: A magnetic particle separator for separating such things as ore or blood is ade from a permanent magnet structure which has a plurality of segments combined to form a cylinder. Each of said plurality of segments has a magnetic remanence and direction that varies so as to form a transverse magnetic field gradient within the bore of the cylinder. A pipe is placed within the bore of the cylinder for transporting a material that is to be separated. An output end of the pipe has a transverse divider or web separating the pipe into a region near the lower magnetic flux density in the magnetic field gradient and a region near the higher magnetic flux density in the magnetic field gradient. Because of the magnetic field gradient within the bore of the pipe, the particles, having a magnetic moment or dipole, are caused to drift toward the higher magnetic flux density end of the magnetic field gradient.

Abstract: A sensor from a carbon fiber, self-reading electrometer type of dosimeter made with a radically modified ionization chamber in order to determine the angular differential dose of ionizing radiation. The chamber is flat and its size is increased so that it is operable from intensities of 100 nGy(T) h.sup.-1 to 10.sup.4 Gy(T) h.sup.-1. This performance range can be accomplished by the addition of capacitors to reduce the dosimeter's basic sensitivity. The capacitors should be connected in parallel between the electrometer assembly and ground. Additionally, the ionization chamber is lined, or in effect "sandwiched," between a low atomic number "low Z" material and a high atomic number "high Z" material. In one embodiment, a hermetically sealed plastic housing is lined on one surface with a lead (Pb) plate and the remainder of the housing is painted on the inside except the side with the lead plate) with a carbon paint.

Abstract: A circuit scanning device for use in mapping the lateral dimensions and positions of a conductive layer of an integrated circuit is provided. The device includes a scan control, a scanning electron microscope, an x-ray detector, a map maker, an algorithm storage unit, and an algorithm selector whereby an IC chip is irradiated with an electron beam, which is raster scanned across the IC chip. The x-ray radiation emission is then monitored and the electron beam is adjusted so as to produce an enhanced map of the conductive layers on the IC chip.

Abstract: In the faceplate of a cathode ray tube or in an FED the amount of light emanating from the phosphor that reaches a viewer is increased by the use of internal and external antireflection layers and concavities between layers on the side of the viewer with respect to the phosphor layer.

Abstract: A highly sensitive thermal sensor is disclosed which uses a thermally isolated, thermometer cut quartz microresonator that is configured to be exposed to a radiant energy source.

Abstract: Telecommunication systems and methods for driving a phased-array antenna ing a plurality of spaced antenna elements that radiate and receive a beam of radio frequency signals. Each of a plurality of ferroelectric phase shifters connect to a different one of the antenna elements. A signal processor system, having a receiver and a frequency synthesizer communicates with the phase shifters under the control of a data processor system. A joystick connects to the data processor system for permitting manual input of beam steering information thereto. The data processor system responds to the joystick inputs by controlling the relative phase shifts of the signals propagating in the ferroelectric phase shifters. The system further includes a temperature sensor circuit for sensing the temperature of each of the ferroelectric phase shifters.

Abstract: To interface a video/graphic controller, which produces conventional, ana video output signals, suitable mostly for CRT type displays, to a matrix display, one of the video output signals, for example the horizontal sync signal, is encoded with the clock frequency and phase information used in generating the original video output signals. The encoded information is decoded at the display end, by extracting from it the clock information and synthesizing a clock signal which has the identical frequency and phase as the original clock used at the video/graphic controller. The replicated clock signal is used as a clock input to the matrix display, to assure that the video output signals are displayed at the correct pixel locations of the matrix display, preventing picture jitter and/or loss of video/graphics data.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining the reliability of any LOS radio link given certain parameters. Specifically, this method allows a communications network operator to specify and determine the path reliability (PR) for each backbone and extension link in a communications network for a given operating frequency, path length and climatic factor. For each link, the fade margin required (RFM) for a desired path reliability (PRD) is calculated. Then, the actual fade margin of the selected link is calculated using known radio parameters. Preferably, these known radio parameters are stored in a database to facilitate access to this information. Then, the corresponding value of the actual path reliability for the link is calculated using modifications of known statistical models which take into account climatic and geographic factors.

Abstract: A radiation sensor and/or imager is formed by sandwiching two materials having different atomic numbers (Z) around a radiation detector, such as scintilator or Geiger-Mueller type radiation counters, or solid state radiation detectors, such as those made of silicon). In one embodiment of the present invention, a thin layer of lead (Pb) is placed on one side of a Geiger-Mueller radiation counter and a layer of Lucite.TM. is disposed on the opposite side. One example, of a preferred Geiger-Mueller counter which may be used in the present invention is a modified pancake Geiger-Mueller counter with thin ruby mica windows, approximately 2.8 mg/cm.sup.2 thick on both sides.

Abstract: A permanent magnet toroidal structure having a periodic or modulated tranrse magnetic field with an average magnetic field greater than zero providing containment for an electron beam. In one embodiment, permanent magnet toroidal sections having a magnetic orientation for producing a transverse magnetic field are spaced in a toroidal shape. A periodic or modulating magnetic field of a single direction is thereby formed. The magnetic field is stronger over the permanent magnet toroidal sections and the magnetic field is weaker, but of the same direction, in the spaces between the permanent magnet toroidal sections. The repetitive acceleration of electrons traversing the arc of the toroidal structure creates electromagnetic radiation. A core is placed within the cavity or working space of the toroidal structure. The core is made of either a permanent magnet material or a ferromagnetic material.