Abstract: A toner composition comprised of electrostatically attractable fusible powder particles, having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 100 .mu.m and a melt viscosity at 190.degree. C. in the range of 20 to 200 Pa.s, said powder particles comprising a coloring substance, a polymeric binder which consists essentially of a copolymer of:(1) styrene or styrene homologue,(2) an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer wherein alkyl is a straight chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, and(3) a crosslinking monomer containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups,the binder copolymer constituting more than 50% of the total weight of the powder particles.

Abstract: In a process of image production by the steps of developing an electrostatic charge pattern with toner particles comprised of coloring matter in a thermoplastic resin binder and dispersed in a carrier liquid and fixing the pattern-wise deposited toner particles while still damp with said carrier liquid on a support by simultaneously subjecting the same to heat and pressure, the toner particles have at 120.degree. C. a melt viscosity when dry of from 500 to 100,000 Pa.s, a mean average diameter of from 0.1 to 5 .mu.m, and a ratio of coloring matter to resin binder of from 1/1 to 1/9 by weight.

Abstract: Electrophotographic apparatus incorporating a corona discharge station with corona discharge from a wire. The corona wire extends as a continuous loop between two pulleys and is advanced at a velocity in excess of the velocity of the photoconductor to be charged. The ends of the wire from which the loop is made are tied together by means of a knot, and the knot is embedded in a bead of an elastic material, preferably polyurethane.

Abstract: The speed of a DC motor is stabilized to correspond to a reference speed by a motor driving control that is instantaneously responsive to the interval between reference pulses corresponding to the reference speed and actual observed pulses corresponding to the actual motor speed.

Abstract: A light-tight cassette for holding and dispensing a roll of light-sensitive material wound onto a core, wherein the core is provided with extension members for lengthening the core whereby cassettes of a given length can be used with rolls of variable width.

Abstract: An ecologically advantageous method for processing an exposed photographic silver halide emulsion layer-bearing material involves the steps of:(A) developing in an aqueous alkaline liquid an image-wise exposed silver halide emulsion layer of said material by means of at least one diffusible developing agent in the absence of such an amount of silver halide solvent that would reduce the coverage of developed silver metal (Ag/m2) by more than 20%,(B) bringing the emulsion layer side of said developed photographic material while still wet by the liquid from step (A) into contact with a water-absorbing processing layer of a receptor element that contains in an organic hydrophilic colloid binder a silver halide reducing agent and silver halide complexing agent and in waterpermeable relationship therewith physical development nuclei,(C) maintaining said photographic material and receptor compound into said receptor element until removal of undeveloped silver halide from the exposed silver halide emulsion layer is s

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a relief element useful in liquid crystal display panels to control the gap-width of the liquid crystal layer, which process comprises the steps of:(I) pattern-wise photo-exposing a photographic silver halide emulsion material comprising on a support a single gelatin containing silver halide emulsion layer to form a latent pattern of exposed silver halide, and(II) treating the exposed silver halide emulsion layer with an aqueous solution containing a developing agent for said halide in the presence of a colorless coupling agent capable of forming with oxidized developing agent a diffusion resistant colorless reaction product increasing the thickness of said emulsion layer in the exposed regions.The treating step (II) can occur also in the presence of a color developing agent reactive with the oxidized developing agent to form a colored reaction product in the exposed regions.

Abstract: A processing apparatus with several liquid stations for the wet processing of image-wise exposed photographic elements, e.g. sheets, wherein the different processing liquids are provided in different liquid compartments (85, 86, 87) of the processing cassette (72), that has openings (88,89,90,91) that are sealed by membranes (92), and wherein the rinsing water compartment is provided with perforate partitions (94) with a scavenging agent for removal of fixing agent ions and complexed silver ions from the rinsing water in said compartment.

Abstract: Disclosed are food smoker for household or restaurant use and method for food smoking with the smoker. The food smoker comprises a container containing a liquid wood or pellet(s) onto which the liquid wood is adsorbed, which is installed in the bottom part of the smoker body, a means for heating the container, and a means for holding a material (such as food) to be smoked in the inside of the smoker body. The food smoker is preferably provided with a means capable of radiating far infrared rays by the heat of the heating means at least around the holding means. The liquid wood can be recovered by distillation or solvent extraction of wood chips. For food smoking, the liquid wood or pellet(s) onto which the liquid wood is adsorbed is(are) heated in a container of the smoker body containing the food to be smoked, whereupon the volatilization rate of the liquid wood is controlled by the choice of the heating temperature and the total amount of the liquid wood.

Abstract: A process for developing a photographic material containing on a support an image-wise exposed silver halide emulsion layer of which the silver halide is substantially silver chloride and in which the photographic material before its exposure contains already at least one silver halide developing agent in a hydrophilic colloid binder in waterpermeable relationship with the silver halide, said process containing the step of contacting the exposed photographic material with an aqueous alkaline liquid, called activator liquid, being initially substantially free from developing agent(s), said contacting being not followed by a silver complex diffusion transfer processing, characterized in that said aqueous alkaline liquid contains a primary and/or secondary amine.

Abstract: A light-tight film reel which is positionable on a spindle having a driving connection for rotating said reel, comprising a cylindrical hub-core assembly which includes a central bore in the core for locating the reel on the spindle, at least one separate cavity isolated from the bore disposed between the bore and the periphery of the hub, at least one film threading axial slots in the hub periphery that communicates with the cavity and an axially displaceable film locking member fitting within the cavity.

Abstract: A sandwich of plural films of thermoplastic orientable polymers wherein the adjacent surfaces of each adjacent film pair are in direct face-to-face contact while being positively advanced is positively deflected into a temporarily generally uiniform zig-zag or pleated configuration, the deflecting forces being sufficiently strong that the films in the sandwich are cold welded together while being laterally stretched. The deflection into the temporarily pleated configuration can be repeated.

Abstract: A metal sheet or ribbon having a unidirectional crystalline structure is produced by continuous casting by the steps of feeding the molten metal to be cast onto the surface of a solidification support moving continuously in one direction along a given path, while heating the solidification support so that the surface thereof at the position for receiving the molten metal is at a temperature exceeding the solidification temperature of the metal being delivered thereto, and then cooling the delivered metal downstream of said position whereby the formation of crystal nuclei upon contact of the delivered molten metal is inhibited and the solid sheet or ribbon has a unidirectional crystalline structure conducive to ease in cold working without cracking.

Abstract: A method for dehydrating foods by the steps of subdividing the starting food to a suitable size, as by slicing or chopping; blanching the subdivided product in a blanching solution such as brine, acid, sugars; placing the material in a sealed vessel, and while pressurizing the vessel to an elevated pressure of about 1-4 atmospheres above normal, contacting the food pieces with a solution of a sugar adapted to extract moisture therefrom by osmotic action; after sufficient moisture is removed osmotically, rapidly decompressing the vessel to significantly below atmospheric pressure, contacting the decompressed food pieces with a heated liquid oil until the moisture content thereof is not more than about 3% but before the pieces undergo superficial degradation in flavor and color, removing such oil from the pieces to reduce their oil content to about 5-25% by weight, preferably by centrifugation, and cooling the same to room temperature.

Abstract: An integrally injection-moulded rectangular microfilm container with a box section and a hinged lid section, which has cooperating snap-locking protections on lateral walls of the lid and of the box, such protections extending in a direction generally parallel with the rear walls and of the lid and box of the container, whereby easy unmoulding of the container from the mould is obtained.

Abstract: A 60-like antigens isolated in a one-step reaction from the bacterial cytoplasma of Mycobacteria are useful for the production of diagnostic tests.

Abstract: An ecologically advantageous method for fixing a developed photographic silver halide emulsion layer material which involves the steps of:(A) developing an image-wise exposed silver halide emulsion layer with a developing agent in the presence of an aqueous alkaline liquid,(B) bringing the developed photographic material while still wet with the liquid of step (A) with its silver halide emulsion layer side in intimate contact with a water-absorbing layer of a receptor element, which layer comprises an organic hydrophilic colloid binder, a silver halide complexing agent, and in dispersed form a metal sulphide as silver ion scavenging agent,(C) maintaining said photographic material and receptor element in contact to allow the transfer of dissolved complexed silver compound into said receptor element, and(D) separating the photographic material from the receptor element, andwherein said water-absorbing layer contains said metal sulphide in colloidal form with an average grain size below 0.1 .mu.

Abstract: A hydrophilic film-forming composition which comprises a resin paint comprising a resin binder component and a paint vehicle with a solid ion exchange resin powder dispersed in the vehicle. A film produced therefrom has durable hydrophilic properties, and when combined with a suitable undercoat corrosion resistance is also improved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the development of an electrostatic image on a recording surface by supplying liquid developer comprising positively or negatively charged toner particles dispersed in an electrically insulating non-polar carrier liquid to a developing zone where increments of the electrostatic image are succesively developed by attraction or toner particles to a recording layer, e.g., photoconductive coating (3), in a distribution depending on the distribution of charges forming said electrostatic image, wherein the liquid developer is supplied, e.g. with ink-jet (7), to the developing zone so that in course of the period over which the development of the complete electrostatic image takes place, said developer is made available at that zone in a distribution pattern which constitutes a lower resolution version of the electrostatic image to be developed, each increment of said pattern being brought directly opposite the corresponding increment of the electrostatic image.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the manufacture and stretching of a laminate comprising forming at least two laminates, which are stretched together in superposed relation, from at least four films so as to form a combination of laminates and subsequently peeling said combination to form separate laminates. A laminate prepared in this manner is advantageous in that one of its surfaces has a high smoothness evidenced by high gloss and a high coefficient of friction which makes the laminate particularly suitable for use in the production of high quality sacks.