Abstract: There are disclosed novel copolycondensed vinylphosphonates and a process for their preparation. These products may be used as flame retardant monomers and are especially suitable for flame retarding textiles and a variety of other flammable substrates.

Abstract: Phosphorous based flame retardants based on organophosphorus intermediates, characterized by high phosphorus content, which allow further reaction with conventional organophosphorus compounds are described. These flame retardants are particularly useful or polyurethanes.

Abstract: Tertiary phosphine sulfides and oxides are prepared by contacting elemental phosphorus with dialkyl sulfides, diaryl sulfides or dialkyl ethers in the presence of a catalyst under at least autogenous pressure at a temperature of from about 200.degree. to about 400.degree. C. The compounds obtained are useful as constituents in catalysts, insecticides, fungicides and pharmaceuticals, and as intermediates in preparation of other organophosphorus compounds.

Abstract: A process for producinga wash-durable finish on a textile is provided which comprises applying to the textile an effective amount of:A. at least one free-radical polymerizable monomer having a functional group capable of undergoing an acid catalyzed condensation reaction withB. at least one co-reactant having a reactive methylol, hydroxy, alkoxy or amino group capable of undergoing acid-catalyzed condensation with a reactive group on said free radical polymerizable monomer;C. at least one free radical generating catalyst and at least one acid catalyst, or at least one catalyst having both free radical generating and acidic characteristics, andD. subjecting said textile to curing conditions to conjointly effect free radical polymerization and acid-catalyzed condensation reactions.

Abstract: Flame retardant polycarboxy alkyl and aryl phosphonates having the structural formula: ##STR1## ARE PREPARED, WHEREIN R is hydrocarbyl consisting of hydrogen and carbon and substituted hydrocarbyl including C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkylene, arylene, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkylene substituted arylene, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 cycloalkylene, C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 vinylene and derivatives of the foregoing containing non-labile pendant halogens, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyls, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyls, vinyls, ethers or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl alcohol functions. R.sup.1 is hydrocarbyl consisting of hydrogen and carbon and substituted hydrocarbyl including C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkyl substituted aryl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkenyl, phenoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkoxy, aryloxy, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, and derivatives thereof containing non-liabile pendant halogens, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyls, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyls, vinyls, ethers, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl alcohol functions. R.sup.

Abstract: Novel ureidoalkylphosphonates, methods for their preparation as well as for their use in preparing durable, flameproof finishes for textiles are disclosed. These ureidoalkylphosphonates are found to be low in cost, readily prepared and of minimal toxicity.

Abstract: Mixed polyalkylene glycol polyphosphorus compounds containing both phosphite and vinyl phosphate linkages are prepared by reacting certain polyalkylene glycol polyphosphites with less than a stoichiometric amount of a halogenated carbonyl compound.

Abstract: Trialkyl tetrathiophosphates are prepared by contacting a dialkyl sulfide with phosphorus pentasulfide according to the following theoretical reaction scheme:6R.sup.1 SR.sup.2 + P.sub.4 S.sub.10 .fwdarw. 4(R.sup.1 S).sub.x (R.sup.2 S).sub.y P(S)wherein x + y = 3; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, and alicyclic having 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the ring and the C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted derivatives thereof. The contacting is effected under at least autogenous pressure at a temperature of from about 150.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. The compounds obtained are useful as additives in agricultural chemicals and as intermediates in preparation of other organophosphorus compounds.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel copolycondensed vinylphosphonates and a process for their preparation. These products can be used as flame retardant monomers and are especially suitable for flame retarding textiles and a variety of other flammable substrates.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for electrochemically removing ions and other contaminants from an aqueous liquid by passing the liquid to be treated into the base of a vertically disposed treatment zone, said zone being formed by a vertically disposed cylindrical electrode and at least one internal electrode which is axially disposed within said cylindrical electrode. The electrodes are connected to a source of direct current and have contained between them, in the treatment zone, a solid particulate bed forming a medium of low electrical conductivity through which the current passes while the liquid to be treated is passed into the base of the treatment zone with sufficient pressure to transport it upward through the treatment zone. The liquid, free of the ions or other contaminants sought to be removed, is then removed from the top of the treatment zone.

Abstract: Polyalkylene glycol alkyl or haloalkyl polyphosphonates having the idealized formula: ##EQU1## WHEREIN R is a polyalkylene glycol residue, R' is alkyl or haloalkyl and n is 1-100, are prepared by transesterifying a tertiary phosphite with a polyalkylene glycol and rearranging the resultant polyalkylene glycol alkyl or haloalkyl polyphosphite to a polyalkylene glycol alkyl or haloalkyl phosphonate by the action of heat and an Arbuzov rearrangement catalyst.

Abstract: Di-polyoxyalkylene hydroxymethylphosphonate is prepared by contacting phosphorous acid and formaldehyde, or a formaldehyde polymer such as trioxane or paraformaldehyde, preferably in an aqueous medium, to yield a hydroxymethylphosphonic acid intermediate. The intermediate is then contacted wiyth an alkylene oxide selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide to yield di-polyoxyalkylene hydroxymethylphosphonate having the structureal formula: ##EQU1## wherein R is CH.sub.2, ##EQU2## n + m = 2-10. Di-polyoxyalkylene hydroxymethylphosphonate is utilized as a flame retardant, a stabilizer for polyester film and as a plasticizer for cellulose acetate and polyvinyl acetate, among others.

Abstract: Alkyl- or arylphosphonothioic dihalides are prepared by contacting an alkyl or aryl halide with a trivalent phosphorus compound having three halogens attached thereto or a pentavalent thiophosphorus halide having three halogens attached thereto or mixtures of the trivalent and pentavalent phosphorus halides, in the presence of phosphorus sulfides, for example, P.sub.4 S.sub.3, P.sub.4 S.sub.7 or P.sub.4 S.sub.10 under at least autogenous pressure at a temperature of from about 175.degree.C. to about 400.degree.C. The compounds obtained are useful as constituents in insecticides, fungicides, pharmaceuticals, and as intermediates in preparation of other organophosphorus compounds.

Abstract: Alkyl- or arylphosphonothioic dihalides are prepared by contacting a reactant selected from the group consisting of mono-alkyl or aryl mercapto phosphorothionodihalidate, dialkyl or aryl mercapto phosphorothionohalidate or tri- alkyl or aryl tetrathiophosphate with phosphorus trihalide under at least autogenous pressure at a temperature of from about 200.degree.C. to about 400.degree.C. The compounds obtained are useful as constituents in insecticides, fungicides and pharmaceuticals, and as intermediates in preparation of other organophosphorus compounds.

Abstract: There are disclosed blends of a reactive flame retardant, comprising a polyglycol hydrogen polyphosphonate, and an additive, non-reactive flame retardant comprising a halogen and phosphorus containing reagent, which, when incorporated into the system during the preparation of flexible polyurethane foams, provides the resulting foams with an excellent balance of physical properties and flame retardancy.