Abstract: A liquid purification system is disclosed. In this system water is pumped into a filter cartridge. A reverse osmosis filter membrane in the filter cartridge removes impurities from the water, but not all of the water passes through the membrane. Water passing through the membrane exits the filter cartridge through a first outlet port, and is sent to a storage tank. Water not passing through the filter membrane exits the filter cartridge through a second outlet port. This water then passes through a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve can be adjusted to vary the water pressure and flow rates in the system. Some of the water exiting the pressure relief valve passes through a flow restrictor valve and then to drain. The flow restrictor maintains a constant flow rate at variable pressures. In this system, the flow restrictor is operable to maintain the same flow rate through it to drain and through the first filter outlet port.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparation of 5-pyrazolemercaptan derivatives represented by the following general formula (I), which is useful for synthesis of sulfonyl-urea-based herbicides, and an intermediate thereof, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, allyl or propargyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or a phenyl group which can contain one or more substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitro and methyl at an optional position, andR.sup.3 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl.

Abstract: A composite check valve and positively closing valve, particularly such a valve for regulating the introduction of secondary air into the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine at selected times during the operation of the engine. The valve comprises an inlet port, an outlet port, a first valve element movable between open and closed positions for nominally regulating the flow of a fluid between the inlet and outlet ports, and a second valve element for overriding the first element. The second element can function by seating against the same seat as the first element, or by "latching" the first element in its closed position. The disclosed embodiment is a flap valve which is modified by superimposing a rigid, movable valve disk over the flap. The rigid disk is movable between a disengaged position where it may have no immediate function and an override position urging the flap against its seat or otherwise closing the aperture defined by the seat.

Abstract: A method of introducing expressible heterologous DNA into Prevotella ruminicola is provided. The method involves conjugal transfer of a shuttle vector comprising the heterologous DNA operatively linked to a promoter functional in P. ruminicola. The invention also provides shuttle vectors for use in the method and P. ruminicola produced by the method. The invention further provides a tetracycline resistance gene of the TetQ class, or fragments thereof that confer tetracycline resistance, and a protein of the TetQ class that provides resistance to tetracycline by protecting ribosomes from tetracycline, or active fragments thereof. Finally, the invention provides a promoter functional in P. ruminicola and an engineered P. ruminicola comprising expressible foreign DNA.

Abstract: A depression jig, having a depression chip and a holder for holding the depression chip, is provided which depresses against a wiring substrate a semiconductor chip placed on the wiring substrate. The holder has portions defining penetrations vertically running through the holder. Optical fibers are inserted into the penetrations. A light ray radiates from the optical fiber. The light ray is incident upon the top surface of the depression chip, enters the depression chip, is reflected from a side surface of the depression chip onto the undersurface of the depression chip, and is emitted from the undersurface of the depression chip as an outgoing light ray. A photo-curing resin supplied between the semiconductor chip and the wiring substrate is irradiated with such an outgoing light ray, so that the photo-curing resin hardens.

Abstract: A facsimile apparatus having a page memory includes a memory having a capacity of at least one line data that is printed by a printer. The reception signal of the facsimile apparatus received and compressed is expanded for printing, and written into the memory. The printer prints the message received according to the written expanded data.

Abstract: A clutch cooling system for cooling a clutch used in combination with a continuously variable transmission including a pressure controlled spool valve having a housing defining a chamber, a spool movably mounted by a spring within the chamber, and a notch defined by the housing such that as the leading edge of the spool aligns with the notch a variable orifice is formed; a pressure controller means for adjusting the pressure applied to the remote end of the spool such that as the pressure applied to the remote end is reduced the spring decompresses causing the spool to traverse the housing and further causing the leading edge of the spool to pass along the notch thereby increasing the size of the variable orifice; a slot located within the spool that allows for minimum cooling flow when the spool valve variable orifice is closed; a cooling fluid feed line and a clutch cooling line extending from the chamber such that cooling fluid can flow from the cooling fluid feed line, into the chamber, through the orific

Abstract: Described is a method for manufacturing semiconductor devices which includes a heat treating process for heating and cooling semiconductor substrates mounted on a boat at a predetermined pitch according to a predetermined temperature profile, in order to flatten the surface of each semiconductor substrate by reflowing an insulating film containing impurities, for example, a BPSG film formed on the substrate. In the heat treating process, one of the control factors which affects the formation of grains or particles due to the impurities contained in the insulating film is set so as to prevent the impurities from generating grains or particles during the heat treatment. Also disclosed is a method of preventing the generation of grains or particles by widening the pitch of the mounted substrates.

Abstract: According to the method of preventing the corrosion of metallic wirings of the present invention, aluminium alloy wirings are formed on the surface of a substrate with the use of photoresists, and the photoresists are then removed. Thereafter, HMDS (hexamethyl disilazine) serving as a surface-active agent or its derivative is supplied to the aluminium alloy wirings to form hydrophobic molecular layers on the lateral walls of the aluminium alloy wirings.

Abstract: A scalpel including an elongated handle having an engaging surface located on the handle, a blade carried by the handle adjacent one end thereof and a guard movably mounted to the handle for sliding movement relative to the handle between a protective position covering the blade and a retracted position exposing the blade for use. The guard includes side members extending downwardly from an upper surface. The side members are positioned adjacent opposite sides of the handle and the resiliency of the guard forces the inner surfaces of the side members into engagement with the engaging surface of the handle. The guard is movably along the engaging surface in response to sliding movement of the guard relative to the handle. In a further form, the guard is slidable into a permanently locked position relative to the handle, thereby preventing reuse of the scalpel and inadvertent exposure of the blade.

Abstract: By making a folded waveform of a folding circuit sharp, the number of elements used in an ADC is reduced and less power consumption is achieved. A folding circuit is composed of a plurality of master-comparator latches, a pair of wiring means for master-to-slave connection, and a slave latch. By means of the wiring means, the non-inverted outputs and the inverted outputs of the master-comparators latches are alternately drawn in the order of magnitude of reference voltages, superimposed, and fed into a pair of inputs of the slave latch. A Gray code signal is directly encoded by an encoder according to the output of the slave latch. A folded signal, which is the output of the folding circuit, takes a sharp waveform. The number of slave latches can be reduced. No XOR gates are required.

Abstract: An approximation of square root's reciprocal is indexed by a table information storing means taking high-order positions of a 2-bit normalized operand output from a normalizing circuit as an address. A 0th partial residue as being a normalized operand is multiplied by an output of a residue holding circuit by a multiplying circuit to find a partial square root value. The partial square root values obtained at each iteration and having no bit-overlap are held in a plurality of partial square root value holding circuits as a merged square root value. A residue at the next step in an iterative computation is obtained by subtracting a product of the merged square root value times the partial square root value from the residue by an inverting circuit, a multiplicand generator and a (R+S.times.T+T) operation unit.

Abstract: A low fluid indicator for a fluid injection system of the type having a sealed pressurized canister, and a valve responsive to a control signal to release fluid from the canister includes a counter that maintains a count. A pulse generating circuit increments the count by a first increment and a second increment in response to the control signal. The first increment is insensitive to the duration of the control signal above a threshold duration and is selected in accordance with a fill volume of the injection system. The second increment varies with duration of the control signal above the threshold duration and has a count rate selected in accordance with an injection flow rate of the injection system. A low fluid indicator lamp is responsive to the counter to indicator a low fluid condition when in the canister when the count exceeds a selected value.

Abstract: The scalpel includes a handle mounting a scalpel blade at one end and having a slot opening through and between its opposite sides. A guard, including two side members straddling the handle, is mounted for sliding movement between a protective position overlying the blade and a retracted position exposing the blade for use. The side members are connected by an element extending through the handle slot and one or more resilient fingers in the slot cooperates with the element to detent the guard in one of the positions. In a further form, the guard is slidable into a permanently locked position relative to the handle, thereby preventing reuse of the scalpel and inadvertent exposure of the blade.

Abstract: A quantum wire is formed at the top of triangular protrusion of silicon substrate. A quantum wire is isolated from the substrate by silicon oxide layers. A quantum wire is isolated from the substrate by impurity layers of a conduction type different from that of the substrate. An insulator film and a gate electrode are formed at the edge of triangular protrusion of a silicon substrate, and a quantum wire is induced by applying a voltage to the gate electrode. A quantum wire structure is fabricated by forming saw-tooth-like protrusions having (111) side planes by performing anisotropic crystalline etching and by oxidizing the silicon substrate with use of the oxide protection film to remain only around the top of the protrusions unoxidized. In another method, an oxide film is formed except around the top of the protrusions whereby a quantum wire is formed at the unoxidized region. In a different method, impurity layers are formed except around the top of the protrusions by ion implantation.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus comprises supports arranged in tandem and revolvingly driven in a predetermined direction of revolving motion. Along the upper run of the conveying apparatus there are provided a first processing path and a second processing path which are mutually parallel and arranged side-by-side in laterally offset relationship. These processing paths are connectable in parallel or in series by means of a reversible belt conveyor. Each processing path is provided with a number of infeed stations for infeeding printed products. During series operation there is deposited at each infeed station of the first processing path a printed product in a straddling fashion upon each support moving therepast or upon the printed product or products previously deposited thereupon.

Abstract: A conveying device having individually controllable grippers conveys the printed products in the conveying direction to a straightening station where the printed products are aligned. Subsequently, for opening, the folded printed products are fed to an opening device with their open edge leading and are then conveyed further to a transfer region, which is spaced apart from the opening device, for depositing on the rests. The separation of the different functions, i.e. the alignment, the opening and the depositing of the printed products allows simple setting to different formats of the printed products to be processed. Between the opening device and the transfer region, the open printed products are held open by a holding-open device.

Abstract: In a dynamic random access memory including a plurality of memory read circuit arrays, a sense amplifier has a circuit wherein a first switch (or a pair of first switches) and a pair of second switches connected in series to the first switch are connected between the common data lines and the common source line of a second precharger. The first switch is controlled according to the potential of the bit lines precharged by a first precharger, while the second switches are controlled according to the address signal. Further, a third switch is provided to connect the common source line to an activation potential for the common source line in the memory array not selected. A second precharger precharges the common source line in a memory array not selected to a second precharge potential and the common data lines in a memory array not selected to a third precharge potential during the time when the common source line and the common data lines are not selected.