Abstract: An LED light bulb includes a base member and one or more light emitting diodes mounted on the base member and in thermal communication with the base member. The one or more light emitting diodes are configured to emit light. A top-mount member is in thermal communication with the base member. The top-mount member includes a reflective surface configured to reflect the light emitted by the one or more light emitting diodes in predetermined directions. The top-mount member includes one or more cooling members configured to dissipate heat generated by the one or more light emitting diodes to the ambient environment.

Abstract: A micro structure includes a silicon substrate, an adhesion layer on the silicon substrate, a bias layer on the adhesion layer, and structure layers on the adhesion layer. The two or more structure layers comprise different material compositions and a plurality of holes through at least two of the structure layers. Widths of the plurality of holes are in the range of 0.5-500 nm.

Abstract: An integrated optical-amplification module includes a housing member, a first input optical terminal configured to receive an optical signal, a second input, optical terminal that can receive a pump light, and an output optical terminal that can output a combined optical signal comprising at least a portion of the optical signal and a portion of the pump light. The integrated optical-amplification module also includes an optical combiner fixedly installed relative to the housing member. The optical combiner can receive the pump light and the optical signal and an optical prism fixedly installed relative to the housing member. The optical combiner can merge the pump light and the optical signal to form the combined optical signal. The optical prism can direct at least a portion of the optical signal through free space to the optical combiner.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a work piece in a vacuum environment includes a master process chamber that can be exhausted to a sub-atmospheric air pressure or to be filled with a desirable gas, a transfer chamber configured to receive the work piece from outside of the master process chamber, one or more processing stations inside the master process chamber, a rotation plate configured to receive the work piece and to move the work piece to receive one or more processing operations, and a first transport mechanism configured to transfer the work piece from the transfer chamber on to the rotation plate. The transfer chamber is at least partially enclosed in the master process chamber and can be vacuum sealed off from the master process chamber.

Abstract: An optical sensing system includes an optical sensor that includes a substrate having an upper surface and a plurality of tapered walls on the substrate, wherein at least one of the tapered walls is aligned along a longitudinal direction, wherein the plurality of tapered walls comprise sloped surfaces oriented at oblique angles relative to the upper surface, wherein the sloped surfaces are configured to adsorb molecules of a chemical sample, a light source configured to emit an incident light beam to impinge the plurality of tapered walls adsorbed with molecules of the chemical sample; and a detector that can collect light scattered by the plurality of tapered walls to allow a determination of the sample chemical.

Abstract: A method for manipulating a digital image includes identifying an image for processing at a local client computer, sending the image to a remote server, manipulating either locally or remotely parameters associated with the image without modifying the image itself, capturing state information defining a state of the manipulations at a predefined time and selecting a previous state at the request of the user, and synchronizing the local client computer and the remote server including updating metadata for one of the local client computer and the remote server using metadata of the other.

Abstract: A wireline transmission circuit includes a first circuit that produces a first variable current, a second circuit that produces a first static current, a trans-impedance amplifier that outputs a first analog signal at a first output node in response to the first variable current and the first static current received at a first input node, and a first feedback resistor connected to the first input node and the first output node.

Abstract: An integrated chemical separation device includes a single device body, a chemical separation unit configured to separate a chemical from a fluid, a Raman sensor substrate comprising one or more surfaces configured to be adsorbed by molecules of the chemical from the fluid, and a Raman scattering spectrometer unit that can emit a laser beam to illuminate the Raman sensor substrate and to detect the chemical from the light scattered from the Raman sensor substrate. The chemical separation unit, the Raman sensor substrate, and the Raman scattering spectrometer unit are held in or mounted to the single device body.

Abstract: A substrate processing system includes a first load lock, a process chamber having a first opening to allow an exchange of a substrate between the first load lock and the first process chamber, first rollers in the process chamber; and second rollers in the first load lock, wherein the first rollers and the second rollers are configured to transport a substrate thereon through the first opening between the first load lock and the process chamber. The first rollers and the second rollers are not rotated by an active transport mechanism.

Abstract: A broad-band linear amplifier circuit includes a driver amplifier to produce a first amplified radio frequency (RF) signal in a first single RF band in response to a first input RF signal and to produce a second amplified RF signal in a second single RF band in response to a second input RF signal. The first single RF band and the second single RF band reside in a broad band that has a bandwidth more than two times a bandwidth of the first single RF band or the second single RF band. A sensing circuit can sense a power, a gain, or a phase of the first output RF signal and the second output RF signal, and to produce a sensing signal. A gain control circuit controls gain variation of the driver amplifier in response to the sensing signal.

Abstract: A method to fabricate an optical scattering probe and the method includes the steps of a) depositing an conductive layer on a substrate followed by depositing a noble metal layer on top of the conductive layer and then an aluminum layer on top the noble metal layer; b) anodizing the aluminum layer to form a porous aluminum oxide layer having a plurality of pores; and c) etching the plurality of pores through the aluminum oxide layer and the noble metal layer for forming a nano-hole array. In a preferred embodiment, the step of etching the plurality of pores through the aluminum oxide layer and the noble metal layer further comprising a step of widening the pores followed by removing the aluminum oxide layer for forming a plurality of noble metal column on top of the conductive layer.

Abstract: An optical isolator includes a birefringent material and a Faraday rotator. The birefringent material receives a forward light propagating in a forward direction and a backward light propagating opposite to the forward direction. The birefringent material has an optical axis, wherein the forward light has a first polarization aligned perpendicular to the optical axis and is configured to pass the first birefringent material substantially along the forward direction. At least a portion of the backward light has a second polarization not perpendicular to the optical axis. The first birefringent material can displace the backward light to form a first displaced backward light. A Faraday rotator can rotate the forward light, and the backward light or the first displaced backward light by a same predetermined angle along the rotation direction.

Abstract: A substantially rectangular shaped power amplifier module includes a power amplifier for amplifying radio frequency signals, a bias control terminal and a power sensing terminal disposed on the same side of the power amplifier module, an input terminal and a ground terminal disposed on the same side of the power amplifier module, and an output terminal and one or more power supply terminals disposed on the same side of the power amplifier module.

Abstract: A method for applying optical proximity correction (OPC) to a circuit layout, includes storing distinct defect patterns in a defect pattern library and modifying the circuit layout to fix defect pattern. The method also includes storing a distinct patterns in an OPC pattern library storing one or more post-OPC targets in association with one of distinct patterns in the OPC pattern library, wherein the one or more post-OPC targets are configured to correct optical proximity effects of the associated distinct pattern. The method further includes identifying in the circuit layout a pattern that has substantially the same optical proximity environment as the one of the distinct patterns in the OPC pattern library; and applying OPC to the identified pattern using the one or more post-OPC targets associated with the one of the distinct pattern in the OPC pattern library.

Abstract: A method for producing personalized greeting cards includes receiving a plurality of greeting card orders from users and separating the ordered greeting cards into batches. The ordered greeting cards are produced in batches and a batch-separation symbol is printed on at least one greeting card in each batch. The greeting cards produced are separated into batches using the batch-separation symbols.

Abstract: A linear amplifier circuit includes a first matching circuit that receives a first signal and to produce a first impedance matched signal, a first power amplifier that produces a first amplified signal in response to the first impedance matched signal under the control of a first bias signal, a second power amplifier that produces a second amplified signal in response to the first impedance matched signal under the control of a second bias signal, a biasing circuit that produces the first bias signal and the second bias signal. The first power amplifier can be activated by the first biasing signal when the power of the output signal is to exceed a first threshold value. The second power amplifier can be activated by the second biasing signal when the power of the output signal is below a second threshold value. A second matching circuit configured to receive the first amplified signal and the second amplified signal, and to produce an output signal.

Abstract: A single longitudinal-mode laser includes a first mirror and a second mirror that define a laser cavity therein that does not include a linear polarizer. A birefringent gain medium can generate a lasing light at a lasing wavelength along a light propagation direction in response to a pump light at a pumping wavelength. The birefringent gain medium has an optical axis substantially perpendicular to the light propagation direction. A first wave plate positioned between the first mirror and the birefringent gain medium is a quarter wave plate at the lasing wavelength and a whole wave plate at the pumping wavelength. A second wave plate is positioned between the birefringent gain medium and the second mirror. The first wave plat and the second wave plate in part produce a single longitudinal mode in the lasing light.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a device having one or more power amplifier and/or LNA circuits positioned on the amplifier module.