Abstract: A multi-functional, stimuli-responsive material includes a substrate functionalized with a pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound or co-assemblies containing Azo-QPS compounds. The Azo-QPS compound includes a positively-charged phenyl-azo-pyridinium core, an anion affiliated with the core, a head group, a tail group, a surface bonding group coupling the pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound to the substrate, and a spacer connecting the pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound to the surface bonding group.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a mixture of styrene derivative monomers and methacrylate/acrylate derivative monomers, which form hydrogen bonds between/among different precursors, and initiators, and the compositions are used to achieve composition control of the forming polymer, with the mole fraction of acrylate/methacrylate and styrene moieties in the forming polymer determined preferably by the monomer reactivity and monomer composition rather than the viscosity of the monomers.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes one or more functionalized vinylbenzyl components of the formula covalently connected to one or more R functional components; the one or more R functional groups selected from a group including one or more hydroxyl methyl (—CHOH—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, one or more ethoxy (—CH2—CH2—O—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, end one or more benzene (C6H6) and/or derivatives thereof; and ether links that connect the functionalized vinylbenzyl components and the R functional components.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a mixture of styrene derivative monomers and methacrylate and/or acrylate derivative monomers, which have one or more urethane, carbamate, amide, and/or amine functional groups, and initiators, and the compositions are used to achieve composition control of the forming polymer, with the mole fraction of acrylate/methacrylate and styrene moieties in the forming polymer determined by the chemistry and composition of the feeding monomers.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes one or more functionalized vinylbenzyl components of the formula covalently connected to one or more R functional components; the one or more R functional groups selected from a group including one or more hydroxyl methyl (—CHOH—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, one or more ethoxy (—CH2—CH2—O—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, end one or more benzene (C6H6) and/or derivatives thereof; and ether links that connect the functionalized vinylbenzyl components and the R functional components.

Abstract: A computer-controlled system for forming composition-controlled objects using 3D printing includes two or more liquid reactant reservoirs, and a mixing sub-system for mixing the two or more liquid reactant compositions, which in turn includes a flow control sub-system to control a mass ratio of the mixed two or more liquid reactant compositions. The computer-controlled system further includes a scanning sub-system that, under control of the computer, causes relative motion of a mixed liquid reactants nozzle over a substrate; thereby depositing the mixed liquid reactant compositions onto the substrate. The system still further includes an illuminations system, operated under control of the computer, to polymerize the deposited mixed liquid reactant compositions.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a mixture of styrene derivative monomers and methacrylate and/or acrylate derivative monomers, which have one or more urethane, carbamate, amide, and/or amine functional groups, and initiators, and the compositions are used to achieve composition control of the forming polymer, with the mole fraction of acrylate/methacrylate and styrene moieties in the forming polymer determined by the chemistry and composition of the feeding monomers.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes one or more functionalized vinylbenzyl components of the formula wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1 covalently connected to one or more R functional components; the one or more R functional groups selected from a group including one or more hydroxyl methyl (—CHOH—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, one or more ethoxy (—CH2—CH2—O—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, and one or more benzene derivatives; and ether links that connect the functionalized vinylbenzyl components and the R functional components.

Abstract: A polymerizable multifunctional antimicrobial monomer includes a quaternary ammonium cation group, wherein the quaternary ammonium cation ion group is bonded to functional groups and anions having structures chosen from the groups in which structure a) includes functional groups R1, R2, R3, R4 and anion X and structure b) includes functional groups R1, R3, R4, R5 and anion R2, and in which structure a) is one of an ammonium monomer adhesive (AMadh) configuration and an ammonium monomer silane (AMsil) configuration, and structure b) is an ammonium monomer miscible (AMmis) configuration.

Abstract: A carbonated hydroxyapatite cement (CHC) precursor composition for an electron paramagnetic resonance dosimeter includes a cement powder and a cement liquid in a powder/liquid ration of 0.5 to 5. The includes one or more phosphate compounds selected from a group of monocalcium phosphate anhydrous, monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, amorphous calcium phosphate, ?-tricalcium phosphate, ?-tricalcium phosphate, and tetracalcium phosphate. The cement liquid is an aqueous phosphate solution having a total phosphate concentration in a range of 0.005 to 2.4 moles per liter (mol/L).

Abstract: A computer-controlled method for forming a composition-controlled product using 3D printing includes disposing two or more liquid reactant compositions in respective two or more reservoirs; and mixing the two or more liquid reactant compositions, which in turn includes controlling by the computer a mass ratio of the mixed two or more liquid reactant compositions. The computer-controlled method further includes scanning, under control of the computer, a mixed liquid reactants nozzle over a substrate; depositing the mixed liquid reactant compositions onto the substrate; and operating, under control of the computer, a light source to polymerize the deposited mixed liquid reactant compositions.

Abstract: An electron paramagnetic resonance device includes a crystalline, emission-sensitive mass and a housing containing the device. The mass includes structurally incorporated carbonate content in a range of about 3% by weight to about 10% by weight of the mass, one or more structurally incorporated non-calcium metallic cations, and one or more structurally incorporated phosphate anions. When irradiated with a known source, the EPR device may function as a reference. When unirradiated, the EPR may function as a dosimeter. As a dosimeter, the EPR device may be used as a personal dosimeter or as a monitor for inanimate objects being subjected to radiation sources. The EPR dosimeter may be used for both gamma radiation and neutron radiation measurements.

Abstract: A multi-functional, stimuli-responsive material includes a substrate functionalized with a pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound or co-assemblies containing Azo-QPS compounds. The Azo-QPS compound includes a positively-charged phenyl-azo-pyridinium core, an anion affiliated with the core, a head group, a tail group, a surface bonding group coupling the pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound to the substrate, and a spacer connecting the pH-sensitive Azo-QPS compound to the surface bonding group.

Abstract: A dosimeter for EPR dosimetry systems includes a carbonated hydroxyapatite cement formed by mixing a cement powder and a cement liquid in a ratio of a range of about 0.5 to 5.0 powder-to-liquid ratio. The cement powder includes one or more calcium phosphate compounds and one or more carbonate compounds. The cement liquid includes a sodium phosphate solution. The cement, when irradiated by a radiation source, is capable of producing a measurable signal as a spectrally clean EPR spectrum. Furthermore, the measurable signal is proportional to the received radiation dose.

Abstract: An electron paramagnetic resonance device includes a crystalline, emission-sensitive mass and a housing containing the device. The mass includes structurally incorporated carbonate content in a range of about 3% by weight to about 10% by weight of the mass, one or more structurally incorporated non-calcium metallic cations, and one or more structurally incorporated phosphate anions. When irradiated with a known source, the EPR device may function as a reference. When unirradiated, the EPR may function as a dosimeter. As a dosimeter, the EPR device may be used as a personal dosimeter or as a monitor for inanimate objects being subjected to radiation sources. The EPR dosimeter may be used for both gamma radiation and neutron radiation measurements.

Abstract: A bio-active composite material includes one or more organic molecules, each organic molecule including a metal coordinating functional group and an inorganic core attached to the organic molecule. The inorganic core includes one or more metals. The metals may be noble metals and/or non-noble metals. The non-noble metals may be alkali, alkaline earth, transition, post-transition, and metalloid materials. The organic molecule and inorganic core are attached by a covalent bond or a non-covalent bond.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes one or more functionalized vinylbenzyl components of the formula wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1 covalently connected to one or more R functional components; the one or more R functional groups selected from a group including one or more hydroxyl methyl (—CHOH—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, one or more ethoxy (—CH2—CH2—O—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, and one or more benzene derivatives; and ether links that connect the functionalized vinylbenzyl components and the R functional components.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a mixture of styrene derivative monomers and methacrylate and/or acrylate derivative monomers, which have one or more urethane, carbamate, amide, and/or amine functional groups, and initiators, and the compositions are used to achieve composition control of the forming polymer, with the mole fraction of acrylate/methacrylate and styrene moieties in the forming polymer determined by the chemistry and composition of the feeding monomers.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a mixture of styrene derivative monomers and methacrylate/acrylate derivative monomers, which have one or more urethane, carbamate, amide, and/or amine functional groups, and initiators, and the compositions are used to achieve composition control of the forming polymer, with the mole fraction of acrylate/methacrylate and styrene moieties in the forming polymer determined preferably by the chemistry and composition of the feeding monomers rather than the viscosity of the monomers.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes one or more functionalized vinylbenzyl components of the formula wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1 covalently connected to one or more R functional components; the one or more R functional groups selected from a group including one or more hydroxyl methyl (—CHOH—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, one or more ethoxy (—CH2—CH2—O—) moieties and/or derivatives thereof, and one or more benzene derivatives; and ether links that connect the functionalized vinylbenzyl components and the R functional components.