Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a tube forming an anode, electrolyte and cathode, and a catalytic substrate is positioned within the tube. Such solid oxide fuel cells are highly compact and lightweight, and can be used in portable applications.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a tube, a spacer element, a catalytic substrate and an anode current collector. The solid oxide fuel cell further includes a spacer element disposed within the tube. The solid oxide fuel cell further includes a catalytic substrate disposed within the anode current collector electrically contacting the anode of the tube and providing an electrical current path inside the tube past the catalytic substrate to the inlet opening.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a tube forming an anode, electrolyte and cathode, and a catalytic substrate is positioned within the tube. Such solid oxide fuel cells are highly compact and lightweight, and can be used in portable applications.

Abstract: A reaction product control system for a fuel cell that includes a controller and a fuel mass flow sensor linked with the controller. An oxidant mass flow sensor is also linked with the controller. Fuel and oxidant control devices are linked with the controller. A fuel and oxidant react to form a reaction product. The fuel mass flow sensor is calibrated for a fuel at an oxidant flow rate and the controller then automatically adjusts the fuel control device when the fuel changes composition to produce the desired reaction product.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack and a voltage providing member configured to provide a non-zero reference voltage to the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes a plurality of fuel cell stack subunits electrically coupled in series electrical connections and a plurality of field effect transistor assemblies. The field effect transistor assemblies include a switch member. Each field effect transistor assemblies is coupled to one of the fuel cell stack subunits and comprises a ground lead, a positive lead, a negative lead, and a bypass lead, a voltage between the ground lead and at least one of the positive lead and the negative lead providing an operating voltage for operating the switching member.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprises a tube forming an anode, electrolyte and cathode, and a catalytic substrate is positioned within the tube. Such solid oxide fuel cells are highly compact and lightweight, and can be used in portable applications.

Abstract: An integrated fuel and air delivery system for a fuel cell that includes a pump and an air inlet member connected to the pump. Additionally, an air outlet member is connected to the pump. Desired quantities of fuel and air are mixed in the air outlet member and resonance of the fuel and air are removed prior to introduction into the fuel cell.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a solid state electrochemical device having a cathode, and anode and an electrolyte positioned between the cathode and the anode is disclosed, comprising the steps of forming a controlled geometry feedrod having a cross sectional area, having at least a first extrusion compound and a second extrusion compound, and co-extruding the controlled geometry feedrod through a reduction die at least once to achieve a desired reduction in cross sectional area. Such microfabrication by thermoplastic co-extrusion enhances production of complex and multiphase electrodes and electrolytes.