Abstract: Provided is a material that can be used as a potassium secondary battery positive electrode active material (particularly a potassium ion secondary battery positive electrode active material), other than Prussian blue, by using a potassium compound and a potassium ion secondary battery positive electrode active material comprising the potassium compound, the potassium compound being represented by general formula (1): KnAkBOm, wherein A is a positive divalent element in groups 7 to 11 of the periodic table; B is positive tetravalent silicon, germanium, titanium or manganese, excluding a case in which A is manganese and B is titanium, and a case in which A is cobalt and B is silicon; n is 1.5 to 2.5; and m is 3.5 to 4.5.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for forming a periodic microstructure on a surface of zirconia-based ceramics, which are not easily mechanically workable, without causing thermal adverse effects. A zirconia-based ceramic having a surface periodic microstructure is also provided. A linearly or circularly polarized laser beam is irradiated to a zirconia-based ceramic surface, and periodic irregularities are formed in a spot of the laser beam. Stripe-pattern irregularities parallel to the direction of polarization can be formed in a spot of a laser beam by irradiating a linearly polarized ultrashort pulsed-laser beam to a zirconia-based ceramic surface. A mesh-like raised region and a dot-like recessed region can be periodically formed by irradiating a circularly polarized ultrashort pulsed-laser beam to a ceramic surface.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte material having high ion conductivity and a all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery using this solid electrolyte material are provided. The solid electrolyte material has a garnet-related structure crystal represented by the chemical composition Li7?x?yLa3Zr2?x?yTaxNbyO12 (0.05?x+y?0.2, x?0, y?0), which belongs to an orthorhombic system and a space group belonging to Ibca. The solid electrolyte material has lithium-ion conductivity at 25° C. of at least 1.0×10?4 S/cm. Also, in this solid electrolyte material, the lattice constants are 1.29 nm?a?1.32 nm, 1.26 nm?b?1.29 nm, and 1.29 nm?c?1.32 nm, and three 16f sites and one 8d site in the crystal structure are occupied by lithium-ions. The all-solid-state lithium-ion secondary battery has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte comprising this solid electrolyte material.

Abstract: A method of production of carbamic acid ester has a high yield and high selectivity and is superior in economy. The method of production of a carbamic acid ester includes reacting an amine, carbon dioxide, and an alkoxysilane compound in the presence of a catalyst containing a zinc compound or an alkali metal compound or in the presence of an ionic liquid. A carbamic acid ester is produced, for example by reacting aniline, carbon dioxide, and tetramethoxysilane at a temperature of 150 to 180° C. in the presence of zinc acetate and 2,2?-bipyridine.

Abstract: A silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a silicon carbide substrate and a gate insulating film. The silicon carbide substrate includes a first impurity region, a second impurity region, a third impurity region, a fourth impurity region, a fifth impurity region, and a sixth impurity region. A first main surface of the silicon carbide substrate is provided with a trench defined by a side surface and a bottom portion. The sixth impurity region includes a first region which faces the bottom portion and a second region which faces a second main surface of the silicon carbide substrate. The first region is higher in impurity concentration than the second region. In a direction perpendicular to the second main surface, a fifth main surface of the fourth impurity region is located between a sixth main surface of the second impurity region and the second main surface.

Abstract: An analysis method for using an analyzer to analyze consistency between data on the amount of reaction obtained by a predetermined treatment performed on a plurality of substances included in a specimen and a known pathway includes: the analyzer acquiring the data on the amount of reaction for a plurality of specimens; and the analyzer reading, from a storage stored with data on a known pathway including the substances as nodes, the data on the known pathway and determining consistency between the known pathway and the data on the amount of reaction. The known pathway is an undirected graph.

Abstract: Provided are: a novel magnetic material having high magnetic stability, in particular, having an extremely high saturation magnetization; and a method for producing the same, wherein the magnetic material, due to having a higher saturation magnetization than ferrite magnetic materials and a higher electrical resistivity than existing metallic magnetic materials, resolves problems such as eddy current loss. According to the present invention, Co-ferrite nanoparticles obtained by wet synthesis are reduced in hydrogen and subjected to grain growth, and bcc- or fcc-(Fe, Co) phases and Co-enriched phases are nano-dispersed using phase separation via a disproportionation reaction to prepare a magnetic material powder. In addition, the magnetic material powder is sintered into a solid magnetic material.

Abstract: The output voltage of an MRAM is increased by means of an Fe(001)/MgO(001)/Fe(001) MTJ device, which is formed by microfabrication of a sample prepared as follows: A single-crystalline MgO (001) substrate is prepared. An epitaxial Fe(001) lower electrode (a first electrode) is grown on a MgO(001) seed layer at room temperature, followed by annealing under ultrahigh vacuum. A MgO(001) barrier layer is epitaxially formed on the Fe(001) lower electrode (the first electrode) at room temperature, using a MgO electron-beam evaporation. A Fe(001) upper electrode (a second electrode) is then formed on the MgO(001) barrier layer at room temperature. This is successively followed by the deposition of a Co layer on the Fe(001) upper electrode (the second electrode). The Co layer is provided so as to increase the coercive force of the upper electrode in order to realize an antiparallel magnetization alignment.

Abstract: A manufacturing yield and reliability of a semiconductor device including a power semiconductor element is improved. A plurality of trenches DT extending in an x direction and spaced apart from each other in a y direction orthogonal to the x direction are formed in a substrate having a main crystal surface tilted with respect to a <11-20> direction. Also, a super-junction structure is constituted of a p-type column region PC made of a semiconductor layer embedded in the trench DT and an n-type column region NC made of a part of the substrate between the trenches DT adjacent in the y direction, and an angle error between the extending direction of the trench DT (x direction) and the <11-20> direction is within ±?. The ? is determined by {arctan {k× (w/h)}}/13 for the trench having a height of h and a width of w. Herein, the k is at least smaller than 2, preferably 0.9 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and still more preferably 0.3 or less.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a new magnetic material which exhibits high magnetic stability and excellent oxidation resistance and which can achieve both significantly higher saturation magnetization and lower coercive force than a conventional ferrite-based magnetic material by using a magnetic material obtained by nanodispersing ?-(Fe,M) phases and M component-enriched phases (here, the M component is at least one component selected from among Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Cu, Zn and Si); and a method for producing same. This magnetic material powder exhibits high moldability, and is such that ?-(Fe, M) phases and M-enriched phases are nanodispersed by chemically reducing M-ferrite nanoparticles, which are obtained by means of wet synthesis, in hydrogen and utilizing phase separation by means of a disproportionation reaction while simultaneously carrying out grain growth. Furthermore, a solid magnetic material is obtained by sintering this powder.

Abstract: A first sample acquisition unit acquires a parameter sample from a prior distribution. A function execution unit acquires data from a distribution by supplying the sample to a function. A degree-of-similarity calculation unit calculates the degree of similarity between the data and correct data using a kernel function. A kernel mean construction unit constructs a kernel mean of a posterior distribution from the degree of similarity, the sample, and the kernel function. A second sample acquisition unit acquires a new parameter sample from the kernel mean and the kernel function. A sample evaluation unit determines whether the difference between new data obtained by supplying one sample selected from the new samples to the function and the correct data is less than a prescribed threshold value. When it is determined that the difference is less than the prescribed threshold value, the sample evaluation unit estimates the selected sample as a parameter.

Abstract: An enzyme having the following characteristics (a) and (b): (a) the enzyme has an activity of reversible dehydrogenation of D-amino acids; (b) the enzyme is a hexamer of polypeptides having an amino acid sequence having 80% or greater identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.

Abstract: An enzyme having the following characteristics of (a) and (b): (a) the enzyme has an activity of reversible dehydrogenation of D-amino acid; and (b) the enzyme is a hexamer of polypeptides having an amino acid sequence that has 80% or more identity with an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic sulfur material comprising carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur as constituent elements, and having peaks in the vicinity of 480 cm?1, 1250 cm?1, 1440 cm?1, and 1900 cm?1 in a Raman spectrum detected by Raman spectroscopy. The peak in the vicinity of 1440 cm?1 is the most intense peak. This organic sulfur material, which is produced by using a liquid organic starting material, achieves high capacity. This organic sulfur material preferably does not have peaks in the vicinity of 846 cm?1 or 1066 cm?1.

Abstract: The invention provides an agent for improving circadian rhythm comprising cells of lactic acid bacterium or treated product thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a water extract of ashwagandha, which comprises increasing the amounts of withanone and withaferin A contained as active ingredients in the water extract of ashwagandha leaves. In addition, it is another object of the present invention to more economically and simply provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising ashwagandha leaves. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a water extract of ashwagandha leaves, which comprises extracting ashwagandha leaves with water in the presence of cyclodextrin, and a method for enhancing the anticancer activity of the water extract of ashwagandha leaves. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing cancer, comprising the water extract of ashwagandha leaves. The present invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising dry powders of ashwagandha leaves and cyclodextrin.

Abstract: A high-frequency characteristic inspection apparatus includes a pair of high-frequency probes that inspect an electrical characteristic of a plane circuit including a signal region and a ground region formed apart from each other by an S parameter obtained by pushing a tip against a surface of the plane circuit and discharging a high frequency and a measurement apparatus. The high-frequency probe includes a ground terminal that is in contact with the ground region at its tip and a signal terminal that is in contact with the signal region simultaneously with the ground terminal at its tip. The pair of high-frequency probes are configured to contact with a surface of the plane circuit at the same time while facing each other at a certain interval.

Abstract: The present invention provides information on a mutant xylose isomerase gene and a mutant protein with which it is possible to impart high xylose metabolic capacity to budding yeast. Also provided is a yeast strain having the mutant xylose isomerase gene. Additionally provided is an efficient method for producing a useful substance using the yeast strain. The present invention provides mutant Clostridium-phytofermentans-derived xylose isomerase (CpXI) having high xylose metabolic activity, the CpXI comprising an amino acid sequence corresponding to an amino acid sequence in which the number 63 threonine of SEQ ID NO: 11 of CpXI is substituted by isoleucine, leucine, glycine, or histidine and/or the number 162 valine is substituted by alanine.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is that in samarium-iron-nitrogen magnet powder, a non-magnetic phase is formed on a surface of the samarium-iron-nitrogen magnet phase, and an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface is 3.5 nm or less.

Abstract: Provided is a cross-linked rubber that can improve long-term sealing properties of a seal member in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. The cross-linked rubber is obtained through cross-linking of a cross-linkable rubber composition containing a fluororubber, carbon black, one or more carbon nanotubes, and an organic peroxide cross-linker, and has a 50% modulus of 5 MPa or more, a compression set (230° C., 500 hours) of 80% or less, and a rate of change of elongation at break between before and after a heat aging test (230° C., 72 hours) of not less than ?10% and not more than 10%.