Abstract: A machine for simultaneously electrochemical processing a plurality of workpieces in which a workpiece receiver is mounted on spring loaded rails between a clamping unit and a base for horizontal movement between loading and operating positions. A working electrode extends through a bore in the clamping unit to create a working gap with a workpiece which is electrically connected via a spring loaded contact member to a source of eroding current. The clamping unit can be moved up and down to make and break electrical contact and to clamp and release the workpieces. Electrolyte is supplied to and removed from the working gap.

Abstract: A shearing apparatus in which heated metal is transported to a shearing position, clamped and sheared. After clamping, a force is applied along the longitudinal direction of the bars and, if movement is detected, the incorrectly dimensioned bar is discarded.

Abstract: An apparatus for surface hardening an irregularly shaped workpiece made of hardenable material by inductive heating whereby a clamped workpiece is rotated past a linear conductor disposed along the envelope circle formed by the cam of the workpiece which extends farthest from the workpiece axis. The conductor has a plurality of yoke sheets to heat the workpiece surface uniformly.

Abstract: An electromagnetic conveying trough for conveying molten metals with a trough body extending in the direction of conveyance and lined with a fireproof lining and an inductor for producing a travelling electromagnetic field and formed as a grooved laminated package, the transversely extending grooves defining teeth about which individual coil windings are wrapped. In order to replace the inductor below a molten metal breakthrough without removing all of the lining, the coolant pipes are formed coaxial with each winding as a unit with separate coolant connections to each such unit.

Abstract: A system for induction heating of workpieces which are transported touching or in close proximity through a succession of inductor coils along the workpiece axes. A grounded feeder supplies workpieces to the transporting structure and a grounded further processing machine receives the workpieces after heating. To eliminate sparking and corrosion problems, the AC currents fed to the coils are adjusted, for example by feeding currents in phase opposition to different coils, so that the potential along the direction of the workpieces from the first to last coil is substantially zero.

Abstract: A continuous heating induction furnace in which workpieces are mounted on a receiver for step-wise movement from a furnace inlet to outlet through a longitudinally extending chamber. A pair of lifter rods extend through bores at the chamber floor to engage the workpieces at each of a plurality of stops or stations and are in turn rigidly connected to a bar element extending below the chamber. The receiver reciprocates along the longitudinal direction while the lifter rods elevate the workpieces during backward receiver movement. The receiver is formed as a pair of tubes which engage bearings mounted at separated locations along the chamber so that the length of the chamber is not limited by the sag characteristics of the receiver.

Abstract: A bridge circuit of the type whereby a plurality of individual switching elements such as thyristors are mounted in a frame between four contact rails. To minimize interaction between current flow in the elements and to cause the load current to be divided roughly evenly over the elements, the elements are physically mounted between the rails so that adjacent parallel mounted elements belong to different arms and do not carry current at the same time.

Abstract: The invention is an improved detector system for determining and indicating the level of a molten charge within a furnace. The system can determine the level of the charge without the need for having contacts or other sensing devices within the furnace by sensing impedance changes in the furnace's heating coils.

Abstract: An electrical conductor of the type having a central cavity which extends along the longitudinal axis of the conductor to conduct refrigerating fluid which cools the conductor heated by high current density current flow whereby, to increase thermal efficiency and decrease deposits on the walls of the cavity which reduce the lifetime of the conductor, the cavity walls have non-smooth undulations, forming for example isosceles triangles.

Abstract: A method for producing a welded and quench hardened steel pipe and pipe whereby the weld seam running spirally or longitudinally along the pipe length has a lower austenization temperature than the pipe and/or a higher electrical resistance. The ratio of the pipe to seam resistance is preferably greater than one half and the whole of the square of the ratio between pipe wall thickness and mean seam thickness. The seam preferably includes amounts of C, Si, and Mn in the same percentage as the pipe plus nickel between 2-6%.

Abstract: Apparatus for inductive hardening of the bearings of crankshafts by a rotational process, wherein various parts of the surface of the workpieces are heated by variably shaped inductors, and wherein the workpiece is loaded horizontally with a hardening carriage, which supports a transformer plate for supporting a transformer connected to a medium frequency current source and an inductor attached to the transformer plate, and an automatic control to move the transformer plate to load and unload separate inductors for treating variably shaped workpiece surfaces.

Abstract: An improved hardening apparatus of the type having a main carrier shaft which mounts pairs of indexing spiders which hold workpieces during treatment which includes quenching in a bath. The shaft is developed hollow and provided with a spur gear near one end which functions as a sunwheel of planetary gears. The hollow shaft is provided with perforations in the area of the spur gear through which it extends to engage the tailstock gear which is flanged to the housing surrounding the shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus for inductive hardening different types of production parts, such as automobile axles, in a device of the type having a pair of rotatable spiders with a plurality of arms for clamping therebetween the parts for indexing movement from a clamping station to a releasing station, the parts being sequentially presented to the clamping station by a lifting bar conveyor. The type of part presented for clamping and type of part which the arms at the clamping station can clamp are compared and the part only clamped when the types are the same.

Abstract: A at discharge oven for heating a large number of production parts which pass through the oven on a conveyor belt and are pushed by a pushing mechanism mounted att the oven, evidence whereby the conveyor belt is attached to a swingable beam and a vibrator is mounted for exerting a force on the belts and parts thereon which has a component in a direction perpendicular to the direction of part movement through the oven.

Abstract: An improved parallel-resonant circuit inverter of the type having a rectifier, a thyristor DC/AC converter connected thereto and operating at a controllable frequency, a parallel resonant circuit with an inductive load and a method of operation of such circuit whereby the converter voltage U is maintained at a constant operating value U.sub.B for a constant DC current I.sub.g = I.sub.go, in a first control range characterized by a low resonant-circuit damping, and control of the direct current I.sub.g for the purpose of maintaining the DC/AC voltage constant at its operating value U.sub.B, in the case of a constant thyristor extinction time t.sub.L = t.sub.LO, in a second control range characterized by a high damping, as well as by transition from the first to the second control range, if t.sub.L becomes equal to t.sub.LO in the case of increasing resonant-circuit damping, and transition from the second to the first control range, if I.sub.g become equal to I.sub.go in the case of decreasing damping.

Abstract: An improved medium power transformer of the type having a secondary winding suitable for rigid connection with an inductor through which coolant flows, the secondary winding conductors overlapping in the area of the secondary connections and having two layers of primary windings flanking the secondary winding, core elements enclosing the hollow winding conductors except in the area of overlap. To minimize the thickness of the transformer, a cooling line having two separated portions is disposed in overlap along the periphery of the secondary winding in one layer.