Abstract: A sheet of exposed and developed instant-camera film is discharged from an instant camera and then inserted by the user into a film-holding structure on the back of the camera which very accurately positions the film sheet, such that upon removal and reinsertion of the film sheet into the holding structure the film sheet will always assume a predetermined position. The camera is provided with a multihead magnetic head unit mounted for reciprocating motion along a magnetic strip or coating provided at a marginal portion of the inserted film sheet. During first-direction travel of the head unit, one head records, and during second-direction travel of the head unit a different and differently located head records onto a further segment of the magnetic strip. After recording, the recorded information, e.g., spoken words identifying the subject just photographed, can be reproduced, and if desired erased.

Abstract: A selector slide is manually displaced by the user from an inoperative setting to a series of operative settings for adjusting exposure-aperture size. When the selector slide leaves inoperative setting, it closes a main power-connect switch connecting the camera's various circuits to the camera battery. The selector slide is provided with a pushbutton which the user depresses to initiate various control or test functions, some of which are performed only in certain settings of the selector slide, others of which are performed within all settings to which the user might move the slide in the course of adjusting aperture size, or another exposure parameter. Examples of such functions are activating a user-oriented scene-light-sufficiency indicator circuit and a circuit which indicates the state of the camera battery.

Abstract: Pulses of radiation are emitted from the camera to the subject, reflected back to the camera, and incident upon two detectors. The successive pulses produced by the two detectors are applied to respective integrators which trip respective threshold circuits when and if their integral signals reach the threshold value. This inherently reduces detector and other noise present in the processing circuitry. A tolerance-range counter ascertains whether or not, after one threshold circuit is tripped, the other becomes tripped within a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: A high sensitivity color photographic recording medium has at least two red sensitive component silver halide emulsion layer and at least three green sensitive component silver halide emulsion layers, the sensitivity of layers of the same spectral sensitivity increasing in the direction from the layer support upwards and the more sensitive red-sensitive silver halide emulsion being located between two of the green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers.

Abstract: .beta.-Aminoethyl carbamic acid is useful in photographic baths and developer compositions in order to accelerate the development.

Abstract: For improving the electrical contact between an insulating image carrier and a conductive support during development of an electrostatic charge image in electrographic recording processes a gas permeable support is used through which gas ions are brought to the back of the carrier while development takes place on the image side.

Abstract: Upon termination of shooting, the exposure objective of a still or motion-picture camera is automatically returned to a predetermined starting position, such as at the middle of the available range of distance-settings. If the camera's focussing system is fully automatic, this is preferably achieved by overriding normal operation of the focussing system by a command signal indicating that the objective is to be brought to starting position and substituted for the normal-operation command signal generated in dependence upon physically measured camera-to-subject distance. If the normal-operation command signal of the system is manually selected, as in the case of a closed-loop positioning system wherein the command transducer is manually adjusted, or as in the case of an open-loop positioning system in which the actuating signal of the system is manually established, the signal commanding or actuating a return to starting setting is likewise substituted for the normal-operation command or actuating signal.

Abstract: A multi-lamp flash unit and a camera with which it is usable, are described. The flash unit has a mounting shoe with which it is connectable to the camera. The shoe has an opening affording access to the interior of the unit, where a triggering element can be displaced from a rest position to an operating position in which it triggers advancement of a flash lamp into a reflector of the unit. The camera has an element which can enter through the opening and displace the triggering element to the operating position of the same.

Abstract: A color print machine, which makes prints from developed color film, is provided with an automatic exposure control system. A memory stores control signals for adjusting the automatic exposure control system for predetermined differing color film types and is addressable for selecting the control signals to be furnished for the color film type involved. The color film is provided with machine-readable film-type identifying code markings prior to printing. A code-marking scanner performs machine-reading of the film-type identifying code markings and generates corresponding film-type signals. The memory is addressed, thereby selecting the control signals to be furnished to the automatic exposure control system for the particular color film type involved, in automatic response to the film-type signals.

Abstract: Photographic silver halide emulsions with increased sensitivity are obtained by exposing the silver halide emulsions to an ionizing radiation during preparation, the exposure being terminated before the grains reach their final size.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## are useful in photographic materials and processes for the color development.

Abstract: The film developing machine includes a tank containing developing fluid, to which a dosing device continually adds regenerating fluid received from a regenerating-fluid supply tank. To prevent the gradual emptying of the supply tank from producing an accuracy-reducing gradual decrease in the pressure applied to the input side of the dosing device, the latter is connected to the supply tank via a buffer vessel provided with an internal valve mechanism serving automatically to keep the volume of regenerating fluid in the buffer vessel substantially constant despite variations in the amount of regenerating fluid contained in the supply tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic film unit with integral structure consisting of an image sheet and a cover sheet which is substantially in register with the image sheet and firmly attached to it, whereby the attachment between the sheets is produced by a combination of individual masking strips and lateral spacer strips and said combination of multi-part mask is composed of a masking folding sheet associated with the container for photographic developer material and another associated with the trap and a separate lateral masking strip for each side.

Abstract: Latent images on sheet-like carriers are developd by attracting that side of a carrier which faces away from the image to the convex external surface of a first support which constitutes a portion of or an entire hollow drum and is rotatable in at least one direction. A concavo-convex electrode is outwardly adjacent to and spaced apart from the path of movement of the carrier on the first support and can be mounted directly on the first support or on a discrete second support which is coaxial with and can be rotated with as well as relative to the first support. The electrode and the carrier define an arcuate developing chamber of constant width which receives a supply of developing liquid when the one and/or the other support is rotated to place the carrier into register with the electrode or to simultaneously rotate the carrier and the electrode to a position in which the developing liquid can flow downwardly and into the developing chamber.

Abstract: A cassette for an X-ray film has a cover part, a body part, and means for connecting these parts in a closed position of the cassette. A magnetic plate is associated with one of the parts, whereas a counterplate is associated with the other part of the cassette. The counterplate is constituted by a material which is highly susceptible to a magnetic moment so that in the closed position of the cassette, the counterplate is attracted to the magnetic plate, whereby the coils are urged toward one another and reinforcing parts which surround the X-ray film are pressed to the latter.

Abstract: An arrangement for opening and closing a film sheet cassette having a bottom element and a top element movable relative to the bottom element between open and closed positions, includes a sliding element guided on the bottom element and movable relative to the top element in a first direction from a first position in which it engages the top element and thereby the latter is retained in the closed position to a second position in which said sliding element disengages from the top element and thereby the latter can move to the open position, a spring urging the sliding element into the first engaged position and an arresting device cooperating with the sliding element and operative for preventing unintentional movement of the sliding element from the first engaged position to the second disengaged position by itself or under the action of impacts, and thereby preventing opening of the cassette.

Abstract: A cassette for X-ray film has two rigid sections connected to each other by a hinge which forms the central portion of an opaque plastic foil bonded to the inner sides of the sections. One of the sections has a radiation-admitting opening which extends to the hinge and is bounded by elastic sealing lips forming integral parts of the foil. The foil has a hole for evacuation of air from the interior of the container when the two sections overlap and are locked to each other. X-ray film and an intensifying screen are placed into the container within the confines of the sealing lips to extend all the way to the hinge. The container can be used for the making of mammograms to image the breasts all the way to and inclusive of the adjacent parts of the chest.

Abstract: A camera has an objective which can be moved from an extended, operative position to an inoperative position retracted into the camera housing for dimensional compactness. The objective is driven by a motor from one to the other of those two positions and moved by hand back in the other direction, or is motor driven in both directions. The motor employed is the film transport motor anyway present. The objective is coupled to and decoupled from the drive motor in dependence upon the setting of a manual selector, so that the objective not be driven at improper times, and is preferably coupled and decoupled in automatic response to the setting of a manual selector used to implement other camera functions, so that extension and/or retraction of the camera objective occur automatically as a logical incident to the other camera functions selected by the user.

Abstract: A self-developing camera has a box-camera type housing in which there is room to store one or more spare film packs. The housing requires an absolute minimum of packaging for storage, transportation and sale.

Abstract: Propyne compounds, which are capable of stabilizing photographic materials against color fog and flattening of the gradation are disclosed. They may be added to emulsion layers and to processing baths.