Abstract: An adapter for attaching a connector having a plurality of pads to a device under test. The adapter is comprised of two types of parts a carrier cradle and at least one circuit substrate. The circuit substrate has plurality of pads formed on a first and second edge. A plurality of circuits are formed on a first side of the circuit substrate, each circuit connecting a pad on the first edge of the circuit substrate to a pad on the second edge of the circuit substrate. The circuit substrate is supported by the carrier cradle such that the pads on the first edge of the circuit substrate align with the first side of the carrier cradle and the pads on the second edge of the circuit substrate align with the second side of the circuit substrate, whereby when the adapter is interposed between the connector and the device under test the circuits electrically connect the device under test to the connector.

Abstract: An active termination technique for reducing the propagation delay of a signal across a transmission line is presented. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, repeaters along a transmission line are paired with active termination circuits in very close proximity to the repeater in order to prevent signal reflections caused by the repeaters. The repeaters and associated active termination circuits are implemented with at least one PFET and at least one NFET, each having the same transistor gate lengths. The PFETs and the NFETs in the repeater and associated termination are ratioed to vary similarly over process/voltage/temperature variation.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method supplying volume streams of fluids in channels or capillaries of small stream cross sections, more particularly chromatographic separating columns for the analytical fluid metrology, wherein a delivery device for delivering a volume stream of the fluid through an operating channel and a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure in the operating channel is provided, wherein a measurement of the volume stream is possible, characterized by the following steps: a) Recording a time reference pressure course using the pressure measuring device in the operating channel, while the delivery device delivers an essentially constant, pre-determinable reference volume stream through the operating channel of a fluid with properties, more particularly flow properties, varying over time; b) Calculation of a time development of the operating pressure, which corresponds to the essentially constant and preferably small operating volume stream through the operating channel, which is d

Abstract: Optical systems for cooling optoelectronic elements are provided. A representative optical system includes a substrate and a first optoelectronic element supported by the substrate. Additionally, a first channel is formed in the substrate and a first heat transfer fluid is arranged in the first channel. The first heat transfer fluid is thermally coupled with the first optoelectronic element so that at least a quantity of heat produced by the first optoelectronic element is dissipated by the first heat transfer fluid. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: A method and circuit for measuring a charge distribution for readout from a memory such as a FeRAM uses on-chip compression of bit line voltage measurements. One embodiment includes a compression circuit coupled to sense amplifiers. Each sense amplifier compares a series of reference voltages to a corresponding bit line and sets a result value for the comparison. A series of result values from a sense amplifier has a transition when the bit line voltage is approximately equal to the reference voltage. The compression circuit can use the transition as a trigger to record a compressed value indicating the reference voltage at the transition.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a process compatible current self-limiting (CSL) structure applied in the vicinity of an electrode of the device prevents the occurrence of high current flow in the vicinity of a short within the device. Should a short occur, the CSL structure becomes resistive, or non-conducting in the vicinity of the short, thus preventing the occurrence of “runaway” current in the vicinity of the short. By limiting the current flow between conductors in the device, the non-emissive areas of the device can be minimized, thus improving the overall reliability of the device.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming an FeRAM integrated circuit, which includes forming a sidewall diffusion barrier prior to etching the bottom electrode diffusion barrier layer. The sidewall diffusion barrier layer is then etched prior to the bottom electrode diffusion barrier layer. In patterning an AlOx sidewall diffusion barrier layer prior to etching the underlying bottom electrode diffusion barrier layer, the etch chemistry comprises BCl3+Ar. The BCl3 is effective in etching the AlOx with a good selectivity to the underlying nitride hard mask on top of the capacitor stack (e.g., TiAlN) and nitride bottom electrode diffusion barrier (e.g., TiAlON with small oxygen content) between the neighboring capacitor stacks. The Ar may be added to the etch chemistry because the resulting surface (of a top portion of the hard mask and the bottom electrode diffusion barrier) is smoother.

Abstract: A modulator assembly for modulation of light, for use as part of an opto-electronic communication network, has a light modulator assembly comprising a modulator element comprising a modulating medium for modulating the intensity of light passing therethrough. A single electrode applies an electric field across the modulating medium and heats the medium. The medium has an absorption edge at a wavelength dependent on the temperature of the medium and the applied electric field. The electrode heats the modulating medium such that the wavelength of the absorption edge aligns with the wavelength of the light to be modulated.

Abstract: A photo service provider provides remote developing, printing, and delivery of photographic prints of digital images. In one embodiment, a handheld digital camera can send to the photo service provider one or more digital images with address information (e.g., one or more address image created in the camera) indicating destinations for the digital images or photographic prints. One or more additional images or instructions associated with the delivery addresses can indicate the size or quantity of the prints to be delivered. The camera can be coupled to a data communication network through which the camera directly sends the selected images to the photo service provider. At a server of the service provider, one or more photographic prints of the selected images are automatically printed, packaged, and sent to the delivery addresses.

Abstract: Monitor circuitry for identifying an operational status of a device under test (DUT) includes a comparison circuit and a sense amplifier. The comparison circuit comprises a set of control transistors and a set of sense transistors. The control transistors include control input terminals for receiving reference signals to establish a testing condition with respect to a signal relationship between a first current flow and a second current flow. The sense transistors are operatively associated with the control transistors, such that biasing the sense input terminals of the sense transistors with sampled signals received from the DUT varies the signal relationship between the first current flow and the second current flow. The variation in the signal relationship is accelerated by the sense amplifier. The variation in the signal relationship is indicative of the operational status of the DUT at the sampling instance for acquiring the sampled signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying a waveform on an error performance analyzer are disclosed. A repeated base bit pattern is received. Then, at a first time and for each incremental time thereafter for a predetermined period of time, multivalued voltage, VM, is determined. The VM is determined by constructing a bit error rate (BER) curve at the each incremental time. Each BER-curve spans a range of voltages from a low slice voltage to a high slice voltage. A derivative of the BER-curve is taken and absolute value of the derivative is used to determine the VM which is the slice voltage where the absolute value of the derivative curve is greatest. The apparatus includes a processor and storage with instructions for the processor to perform these operations.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an acoustic resonator, for example a Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Resonators (FBAR), on a substrate. A depression is etched and filled with sacrificial material. The FBAR is fabricated on the substrate spanning the depression, the FBAR having an etch hole. The depression may include etch channels in which case the FBAR may include etch holes aligned with the etch channels. A resonator resulting from the application of the technique is suspended in air and includes at least one etch hole and may include etch channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for adjusting transitions in a bit stream of a signal to be evaluated by comparison with a predetermined expected bit stream, comprising the steps of receiving said bit stream signal by a transition adjustment filter, providing a transition frame signal to said transition adjustment filter, said transition frame signal providing information for eliminating non-deterministic clock latencies within said bit stream of said received signal, and adjusting said bit stream of said received signal according to said transition frame signal resulting in an adjusted bit stream being in alignment to said expected bit stream.

Abstract: A method and circuit for controlling the slope of a transitioning signal on a transmission line of integrated circuit is achieved using stepwise pull-down impedance reduction/augmentation. Over a series of sequentially ordered steps, a predetermined decreasing (or increasing) impedance is connected between the transmission line and voltage source. Using certain predetermined impedance values in order, a linear slew rate on the output signal is achievable. Adjusting the time delay between each step allows the slope of the linear slew rate to be adjusted.

Abstract: A method for allowing in-place programming of clock buffer delays of clock buffers in an integrated circuit clock tree is presented. The clock tree comprises at least one clock driver connected between a clock driver input line and a clock driver output line. Each clock driver comprises a plurality of clock buffers connected in series between the clock driver input line and, potentially, the clock driver output line. Metal is reserved in intervening metal layers within a clock driver block between the clock driver input line and the input of a first one of said plurality of clock buffers in the variable clock buffer chain. Metal is reserved on one or more metal layers for connecting the output of each of the clock buffers in the clock buffer chain to the clock driver output line. The metal layers are partitioned into one or more programming layers and one or more non-programming layers.

Abstract: An optical arrangement for direction dependent coupling out of light comprises a first and a second polarization converter each for converting the state of polarization of light received in a predetermined way. A polarization dependent coupling device is adapted for coupling out a portion of the light received, whereby the ratio of the coupled out portion substantially depends on the state of polarization of the light received. The polarization dependent coupling device is arranged between the first and the second polarization converters, and the optical arrangement receives from different sides light beams propagating in different directions. The characteristics of the first and the second polarization converters are adapted such that the polarization dependent coupling device receives light beams propagating with different states of polarization in the different directions.

Abstract: The long-wavelength photonic device comprises an active region that includes at least one quantum-well layer of a quantum-well layer material that comprises InyGa1-yAsSb in which y≧0, and that additionally includes a corresponding number of barrier layers each of a barrier layer material that includes gallium and phosphorus. The barrier layer material has a conduction-band energy level greater than the conduction-band energy level of the quantum-well layer material and has a valence-band energy level less than the valence-band energy level of the quantum-well layer material.

Abstract: The optical switch comprises an input collimator, an output collimator, an input mirror, an output mirror and a converging optical element. The input collimator receives, collimates and outputs an input light beam. The input mirror is arranged to receive the light beam from the input collimator. The output mirror is arranged to receive the light beam reflected by the input mirror and reflects the light beam into the output collimator. The converging optical element is located to receive the light beam reflected by the input mirror and reflects the light beam onto the output mirror. An imaging element may be located between either or both of the input collimator and the output collimator and a respective one of the input mirror and the output mirror.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device and method for making the same. The electroluminescent device includes a substrate that is impermeable to water and oxygen having a first electrode thereon. An electroluminescent layer is in electrical contact with the first electrode, and a second electrode is in electrical contact with the electroluminescent layer. A seal having layers of epoxy and alternating with layers of SiNH prevents water and oxygen from reaching the second electrode. The epoxy preferably has a cure temperature less than 140° C. Similarly, the silicon nitride layer is preferably deposited at a temperature below 140° C. The layer of SiNH preferably has an etch rate of less than 50 A/sec in 10% HF solution.

Abstract: An apparatus having both a resonator and an inductor fabricated on a single substrate and a method of fabricating the apparatus are disclosed. The apparatus includes a resonator and an inductor that is connected to the resonator. Both the resonator and the inductor are fabricated over their respective cavities to produce a high Q-factor filter circuit.