Abstract: A heat-insulating agent for molten metal comprising a burned material obtained by light-burning a dehydrate of sludge discharged in pulping/or paper-making procedures and a method of insulating a molten metal from loss of heat comprising covering the surface of the molten metal with a layer of the heat-insulating agent.

Abstract: A moulding for the heat retention of feeder head top surface in casting molten metals is based on a mixture consisting of charcoal and a binder, and said charcoal is laminated with directional properties in the laterial direction. If circumstances require, the moulding may contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of thermo-expansible materials, organic binders and organic fibrous materials, and further when occasion demands it may be coated with a shell containing fibrous materials and a binder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a variable capacity type gear pump which is capable of operating efficiently by flowing out by-passed liquid under extremely low pressure to adjust or control the amount of feed-out liquid. This is accomplished by providing the walls of the casing (housing) of the gear pump with ports or slits, which ports or slits are connected to a controlling valve in order to remove the desired amount of by-passed liquid.

Abstract: A moulding for the treatment of molten iron characterized in that magnesium particle or powder having a diameter of approximately less than 10 mm is mixed for moulding with 1 - 20% by weight of refractory fibrous material, 0.1 - 10% by weight of organic fibrous material and 0.1 - 10% by weight of binder in the whole amount.

Abstract: A tundish for the continuous casting of steel characterized by lining thereto a moulding which consists of 50-80% by weight of a refractory which bases on silicic anhydride having approximately less than 100 mesh, 2-10% by weight of a refractory clay, 8-20% by weight of a refractory fibrous material and/or a porous refractory and 4-10% by weight of an organic binder, and if necessary 6-10% by weight of a refractory other than silicic anhydride.

Abstract: A stopper plug for a converter tap hole comprising a molding of a refractory material, a fibrous substance and a binder.

Abstract: The specification and drawings disclose an embodiment of an apparatus for taking samples from a flowing stream of molten metal. The apparatus comprises a container defining a sample mold cavity having a flat mold sample chamber and a pin sample chamber that are interconnected. The apparatus is so designed that a sample tube communicating with the mold cavity can be placed in the stream of molten metal to fill the cavity with a quantity of sample metal. The apparatus is externally ribbed to facilitate slidable housing in a suitable protective shield so that the sample tube may be selectively exposed for use in drawing a sample. The sample tube, mold sample chamber and pin sample chamber define a flow path which creates a turbulent flow of molten metal in the sample chambers thereby to equalize the carbon content of the sample metal in both the pin sample and mold sample chambers.

Abstract: In a method for desulfurizing molten iron, which comprises adding a desulfurizing agent to the molten iron, the improvement which comprises the desulfurizing agent being a dust collected from the smelting step of manganese and/or a dust collected from the smelting step of chromium.

Abstract: A moulding for the heat retention of feeder head top surface in casting molten metals is based on a mixture consisting of charcoal and a binder, and said charcoal is laminated with directional properties in the lateral direction. If circumstances require, the moulding may contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of thermo-expansible materials, organic binders and organic fibrous materials, and further when occasion demands it may be coated with a shell containing fibrous materials and a binder.

Abstract: A powdery composition for heat retention of feeder head comprising carbonized plant (i.e., baked vegetable material) containing a large amount of fibrous matter and at least one substance selected from refractory material, easily oxidizable metal, metal oxide and inorganic material effective for heat retention of feeder head, each of said substances having a particle size distribution of less than 50% in parts by weight of 48 to 200 mesh particles with the remainder being particles larger than 48 mesh and smaller than 200 mesh and the amount of said substance having a particle size of larger than 48 mesh being approximately equal to that of said substance having a particle size of smaller than 200 mesh.