Abstract: Load-bearing structure comprising at least two layers (10, 20, 155, 160, 300, 310) joined by a bond line having a thickness of t mm, a shear strength of T N/mm2, and comprising a sheet (30, 130, 320) made of an elastic material having a shear modulus of G N/mm2, whereby tT2/G is at least 5 N/mm. A method for producing such a load-bearing structure in which a sheet (30, 130, 320) of rubber is treated with an oxidant, excess oxidant is removed, whereafter the sheet is glued between the two layers (10, 20, 155, 160, 300, 310).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies from sources comprising an aluminum source and a magnesium source comprising the steps of: a) preparing a precursor mixture, b) shaping the precursor mixture to obtain shaped- bodies, c) optionally thermally treating the shaped bodies, and d) aging to obtain crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies. The quintessence of the present invention is that the bodies are shaped prior to the forming of the crystalline anionic clay in said bodies. This results in very attrition resistant bodies, without the need to add a binder material.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a substantially lead-free turbulence promoting electrode, wherein an amount of turbulence promoting particles having a particle size from about 30 to about 2000 &mgr;m are contacted with at least one electrode and brought to adhere thereto, such that from about 5 to about 50% of the projected electrode surface area is covered with the particles. The invention also relates to a turbulence promoting electrode obtainable by the method and an electrode comprising turbulence promoting elevated parts arranged on at least one surface of the electrode. The height of the elevated parts is from about 30 to about 2000 &mgr;m. The invention further relates to the use of the electrode in an electrolytic cell for the production of alkali metal chlorate and alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to make aminated polyolefins involving the steps of: ozonolysis of one or more low-molecular weight polyolefins with at least one end group that is unsaturated, in the presence of an alkanol-hydrocarbon mixture, to form polyolefin-alkoxyhydroperoxides, catalytic reduction of the polyolefin-alkoxyhydroperoxides with hydrogen and a suitable catalyst, to form a mixture of hemiacetals and hemiketals, in the presence of a solvent, removal of the catalyst and optional washing of the mixture resulting from step 2, to remove undesired side products, reductive amination of the hemiacetal hemiketal mixture to form the aminated polyolefin end product, preferably at a temperature of 50-200° C., optionally in the presence of a solvent, and removal of the catalyst and optional removal of the solvent. The aminated products obtained are pre-eminently suited for use as an adjuvant in oils and fuels.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparation of light weight objects comprising calendering, extrusion, blow or injection moulding a resin of polypropylene, polystyrene, HD polyethylene or copolymers thereof and, admixed therein, thermally expandable microspheres including a thermoplastic polymer shell encapsulating a propellant, at a temperature sufficient to result in expansion of the microspheres, wherein said polymer shell is made of a homo- or co-polymer from ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising more than 80 wt % of nitrile containing monomers. The invention further concerns light weight objects obtainable by the process.

Abstract: Photoactivatable coating composition comprising at least one photoinitiator and a base-catalysed polymerisable or curable organic material comprising at least one polyisocyanate and at least one compound containing isocyanate reactive groups, wherein the isocyanate reactive groups comprise at least one thiol group and the photoinitiator is a photolatent base. Preference is given to a coating composition wherein the photolatent base is selected from the group of N-substituted 4-(ortho-nitrophenyl) dihydropyridine, a quaternary organo-boron photoinitiator, and an &agr;-amino acetophenone. The composition additionally may comprise an organic acid, a metal complex and/or a metal salt as a cocatalyst and/or a sensitiser selected from the group of thioxanthones, oxazines, rhodamines, and preferably from the group of benzo-phenone and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition comprising: 5-95 wt. % of a polyurethane/acrylate hybrid dispersion and 95-5 wt. % of a dispersion of a polyurethane resin with oxidatively drying groups. Optionally, the coating composition comprises in addition to the above-mentioned dispersions an emulsion of an alkyd resin. The coating composition can be used as a translucent or opaque primer or topcoat or as a clearcoat in decorative applications.

Abstract: The invention concerns a 3-methylene steroid derivative having general formula (1) wherein R1 is H or together with R3 forms a &bgr;-epoxide or R1 is absent if there is a 5-10 or 4-5 double bond; R2 is (C1-C5) alkyl or CF3; R3 is &bgr;H, &bgr;CH3 or together with R1 forms a &bgr;-epoxide or R3 is absent if there is a 5-10 double bond; R4 is H, lower alkyl; Y is [H, H], [OH, H], ═O, [OH, lower alkyl], [OH, (C2-C5)alkenyl], [OH, (C2-C5)alkynyl] or (C1-C6) alkylidene, whereby said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and alkylidene is optionally halogenated; ═NOR5, whereby R5 is H, lower alkyl; dotted lines represent an optional double bond, or prodrugs thereof for the treatment of arthritic diseases and/or autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: A fire retardant thermoplastic polyester comprising a phosphorus containing additive and a high charring polymer containing benzene rings in its main polymer backbone and that has a softening point of no less than about 120° C. exhibits improved fire resistance and no plate out of fire retardant additive during aging.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bicyclic heteroaromatic derivative compound according to general formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is NR5R6, OR5, SR5 or R7; R5 and R6 are independently selected from H, (1-8C)alkyl, (2-8C)alkenyl, (2-8C)alkynyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (2-7C)heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(1-8C)carbonyl, (6-14C)arylcarbonyl, (6-14C)aryl or (4-13C)heteroaryl, or R5 and R6 together are joined in a (2-7C)heterocloalkyl ring; R7 is (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (2-7C)heterocycloalkyl, (6-14C)aryl or (4-13C)heteroaryl, R2 is (1-8C)alkyl, (2-8C)alkenyl, (2-8C)alkynyl, or (6-14C)aryl or (4-13C)heteroaryl, both optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from (1-8C)alkyl, (1-8C)alkylthio, (1-8C)(di)alkylamino, (1-8C)alkoxy, (2-8C)alkenyl, or (2-8C)alkynyl; R3 is (1-8C)alkyl, (2-8C)alkenyl, (2-8C)alkynyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (2-7C)heterocycloalkyl, or (6-14C)aryl or (4-13C)heteroaryl, both optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from (1-8C)alkyl, (1-8C)(di)al

Abstract: An emulsion polymerization process using a reactor having one or more circulation loops with one or more inlets for raw material, one or more inlets for a carrier liquid in which the polymer to be formed is insoluble, and one or more outlets for polymer emulsion; and one or more driving means for continuously circulating the reactor charge within the circulation loop. An emulsion polymerization process includes charging the reactor with raw material, including monomers, and with the carrier liquid, including stabilizers, and optionally other additives; then continuously feeding the loop reactor with the raw material and with the carrier liquid; and continuously withdrawing part of the reactor charge from the reactor at a rate equal to the rate of total raw material and carrier liquid feeding. The carrier liquid, or water phase, consists wholly or partially of washings used for washing one or more parts of the same or a different polymerization reactor and/or associated equipment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of lignin from lignocellulose containing material comprising treating the lignocellulose containing material prior to a chemical pulping process with a delignifying gas, wherein the gas comprises chlorine dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the adaptation of infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) to growth in CEF cell culture. Changing the codons for amino acid residues 253 (Gln) and 284 (Ala) to 253 (His) and 284 (Thr) allowed bursa adapted Classical and Variant-E IBDV to grow in CEF cell culture. For GLS IBDV only a change of the codon for amino acid residue 284 was necessary.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for preparing a catalyst composition wherein at least one Group VIII non-noble metal component and at least two Group VIB metal components are combined and reacted in the presence of a protic liquid, after which the resulting composition is isolated and dried, the total of the Group VIII and Group VIB metal components, calculated as oxides, making up at least about 70 wt. % of the catalyst composition, calculated on dry weight. An organic oxygen-containing additive is added prior to, during, or subsequent to the combining and reacting of the metal components in such an amount that the molar ratio of the total amount of additive added to the total amount of Group VIII and Group VIB metal components is at least about 0.01. The invention also pertains to additive-containing catalysts obtained by this process, and to their use in hydroprocessing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filler composition comprising A) at least one hydroxy group-containing polyacrylate comprising 40-70 wt. % aromatic vinyl monomers and/or methyl methacrylate, 25-40 wt. % hydroxy-functional (meth)acrylic monomers, 0-20 wt. % (meth)acrylic monomers having at least 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and 0.5-2.5 wt. % (meth)acrylic acid, wherein the hydroxy group-containing polyacrylate has a hydroxy value of between 100 and 160 mg KOH/g solid resin, an acid value between 5 and 20 mg KOH/g solid resin, a Mw higher than 15,000 and a Tg between 25 and 100° C., B) at least one polyisocyanate compound, and C) at least one pigment, the filler composition having a pigment volume concentration ranging from 40 to 80 % on solids. The filler composition of the present invention may be used for sanding and non-sanding applications, cured with a large variety of polyisocyanates, and covered with conventional top coats.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formulae I and II and compositions comprising these compounds.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for preparing a synthetic clay mineral which comprises silicon, aluminum, and at least one octahedron ion, which clay mineral has a total content of sodium and potassium of less than 0.5 wt. %, comprising the steps of a) providing a silica-alumina with a total content of sodium and potassium of less than 2.0 wt. % b) combining the silica-alumina with an octahedron ion source in such a manner that less than 0.1 mole of the total of sodium or potassium is added per mole of octahedron ion, c) if necessary, adjusting the pH to a value of at least 7, with less than 0.1 mole of the total of sodium and potassium being added per mole of octahedron ion during the pH adjustment, d) ageing the precipitate formed in c) at a temperature of 0-350° C. in an aqueous environment; e) optionally isolating the resulting material, optionally followed by washing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyst composition for FCC which has high efficiency in the production of light olefins while maintaining the bottoms conversion. The catalyst composition is prepared by: a) ex situ activating an olefin-selective zeolite with at least 10 wt % of a phosphorus-containing compound, calculated as P2O5 based on the total amount of olefin-selective zeolite. b) combining the activated olefin-selective zeolite with 10-40 wt % catalytic cracking component, binder, and 0-25 wt % silica in a slurry, so that the total amount of amorphous alumina present in the final catalyst composition is at least 10 wt %, and c) spray-drying the slurry to form catalyst particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating an aqueous polyaluminium compound solution comprising feeding a feed solution containing at least one polyaluminium compound to an ultrafiltration unit, separating a retentate fraction having a higher aluminium content than the feed solution from a permeate fraction having a lower content of aluminium than the feed solution. The invention also relates to an aqueous polyaluminium compound solution obtainable by the method and the use thereof as a flocculant or antiperspirant and/or treating water.