Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for introducing a flammable powder such as red phosphorus into a hot melt such as an extrudable polymer which is in motion at the point of introduction of the flammable powder.

Abstract: Olefins can be induced to react with phosphines at ambient temperature and pressure to produce organophosphines by free-radical addition. Suitable olefins include C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alpha-olefins, cyclic olefins, polycycloalkenyl species, allyl alcohol and esters of vinyl phosphonic acid.

Abstract: Evolution of phosphine from red phosphorus is reduced by means of acyclic, aliphatic compounds having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, in the alpha-position relative to an electron-withdrawing group. A preferred example of such a compound is trans-cinnamaldehyde.

Abstract: Bicarbonates and/or carbonates are used in greater than catalytic amounts to inhibit the formation of nitrosamines during the preparation, storage and/or use of amine oxides.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a stabilized enzyme dispersion wherein the dispersion is prepared by precipitating a water-soluble polymer from a single phase, aqueous solution to form an aqueous dispersion, and before, simultaneously with or after precipitating the polymer, contacting the dissolved or dispersed polymer with an aqueous solution or fine aqueous dispersion of an enzyme without any covalent bonding between the polymer and the enzyme. Also disclosed is a clear solution for use in the method.

Abstract: Hydroponic substrates are disinfected in situ, prior to a crop production cycle, with a dilute aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide and at least one peracid having a ##STR1## group.

Abstract: A method for protecting growing plants against fungal or microbial plant pathogens which comprises applying thereto, or to the medium on which they are growing or to be grown, a composition comprising a water soluble tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt.

Abstract: Flame retardant cellulosic fabrics having reduced shrinkage are obtained by treatment involving reaction of fabric with a non self-condensing methylolamide under aqueous acid conditions, followed by treatment of fabric with tetrakis hydroxylmethyl phosphonium compound or condensate and then curing the ammonia.

Abstract: Flame retardant cellulosic fabrics having reduced shrinkage are obtained by treatment of fabric with a tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium compound or condensate and then curing with ammonia, followed by treatment involving reaction of the fabric with a non self-condensing methylolamide under aqueous acid conditions.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition comprises at least one cyclic phosphonate ester and at least one phosphono amide. The ester and the amide are present in a ratio by weight of 0.1 to 2:1. A co-curing agent (e.g. urea, ethylene urea or an amino-triazine) may be included. The composition may also contain a non-rewetting agent and/or a softening or conditioning agent. The composition is used for the flame retardant treatment of a fabric by first impregnating the fabric with an aqueous solution of the composition and then heating the impregnated fabric at at least 100.degree. C. and under acid pH conditions.

Abstract: Compositions for flame proofing wood e.g. in the form of aqueous solutions containing tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt, methylolmelamine with at least 3.5 optionally alkylated hydroxymethyl groups per melamine nucleus, a polyfunctional nitrogen compound with at least 2 N-H groups e.g. urea and a base e.g. triethanolamine.

Abstract: Phosphorous acid is made by a continuous recycling process from a mixture of phosphorous and hydrochloric acids, comprising:(i) continuously recycling the mixture in a loop apparatus;(ii) adding water to and passing phosphorus trichloride into said recycling mixture so as to generate a condition of turbulent flow at the point of contact of the phosphorus trichloride and the recycling mixture, whereby a reaction product, comprising an aqueous solution of phosphorous and hydrochloric acids as a continuous liquid phase and gaseous hydrogen chloride as gas bubbles of disperse phase, is produced;(iii) separating said gaseous hydrogen chloride;(iv) cooling said reaction product; and(v) recycling at least a portion of said reaction product and repeating steps (ii), (iii) and (iv) thereon to produce a more highly concentrated solution of phosphorus acid.

Abstract: Amorphous red phosphorus useful for matches, or as flame retardant is made by forming a slurry of 10-45% red phosphorus in molten white phosphorus, reducing the content of yellow phosphorus to less than 20% of the red phosphorus by separation at less than 280.degree. C., and then heating the product at above 295.degree. C. to convert, and preferably also evaporate, the white phosphorus.

Abstract: A method for deinking recycled waste cellulosic material such as newsprint includes pulping the waste in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of a resin precursor, curable in said dispersion and curing the resin precursor during the pulping operation.

Abstract: Silica products obtained from trivalent metal e.g. Al compounds and silica can be used as corrosion inhibitors or adhesion promoters for organic coatings on surfaces by way of no-rinse or phosphating treatment or as pigments.

Abstract: Silica products obtained from trivalent metal e.g. Al compounds and silica can be used as corrosion inhibitors or adhesion promoters for organic coatings on surfaces by way of no-rinse or phosphating treatment or as pigments.

Abstract: Ores of metal oxides and oxide-like compounds such as chromite and pyrochlore are beneficiated by froth flotation in the presence of substituted amino phosphonic acids or salts thereof.

Abstract: Mixtures of surfactants capable of forming "G" phase are prepared by forming one component of the mixture from a precursor in the presence of the other component or components and sufficient water form the product in the "G" phase.

Abstract: Solutions of organophosphorus biocides which also contain dissolved oxygen are deactivated by adding a catalytic amount of activated carbon.

Abstract: The content of hydrogen chloride and phosphorous acid of crude amino organic phosphonic acids, especially diethylenetriaminepentakis (methylene phosphonic acid) is reduced by solvent extraction into an alcoholic phase leaving purified phosphonic acid behind.