Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a trifocal ophthalmic lens is disclosed that includes an optic having at least one optical surface, and a plurality of diffractive zones that are disposed on a portion of that surface about an optical axis of the optic. At least two of those diffractive zones have different areas so as to cause broadening of optical energy profiles at a near and a far foci of the diffractive zones for generating an intermediate focus.

Abstract: RNA interference is provided for inhibition of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in intraocular pressure-related conditions, including ocular hypertension and glaucoma such as normal tension glaucoma and open angle glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved process for producing substantially pure fluorescein, as well as to substantially pure fluorescein compositions prepared by the process. The invention is particularly directed to the provision of pharmaceutical compositions for use in angiography. The substantially pure fluorescein produced by the process of the present invention is low in color, low in sodium chloride content, and substantially free of pyridine.

Abstract: RNA interference is provided for inhibition of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in intraocular pressure-related conditions, including ocular hypertension and glaucoma such as normal tension glaucoma and open angle glaucoma.

Abstract: An improved computer based surgical video overlay system that allows relevant surgical data from a surgical apparatus to be combined as a graphic image with the video image of a surgical procedure in which the data from the surgical apparatus is sent wireless to the video overlay console. Elimination of the data cable between the surgical apparatus and the video overlay console is advantageous in an operating room environment. The same computer based surgical video overlay system runs computer program that occupies a user interface to allows definition of operation modes, input of relevant data, selection of data overlay graphic screen templates and various methods for customization. A time coded-data file is created and stored including all the relevant parameters of a surgical procedure. This file contains the same time-code included in the graphic image overlaid in the surgical video signal. An precise match can be performed between the recorded data on file and the surgical video recording.

Abstract: Methods for using 6-aminoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine analogs are disclosed herein to treat rho kinase-mediated diseases or rho kinase-mediated conditions, including controlling intraocular pressure and treating glaucoma, are disclosed. Ophthalmic pharmaceutical compositions useful in the treatment of eye diseases such as glaucoma, and additionally useful for controlling intraocular pressure, the compositions comprising an effective amount of 6-aminoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine analogs, are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods to treat and/or prevent increased intraocular pressure in a subject by administering a protein kinase C-delta (PKC?) inhibitor. In further embodiments, the present invention relates to methods to treat and/or prevent glaucoma by administering a PKC? inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed are ophthalmic drug-delivery devices, comprising a body having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the body includes a styrene elastomer matrix and a drug in contact with the matrix. Also disclosed are methods of treating or preventing an eye disease in a subject, that involve contacting an eye of the subject with an ophthalmic drug delivery device comprising a body having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the body comprises a styrene elastomer matrix and a drug in contact with the matrix, wherein release of the drug from the device occurs over time following contacting of the device with the eye of the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating a wound in a subject that involve administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition that includes one or more human connective tissue mast cell stabilizers, wherein administration of the composition results in treatment of the wound. In particular embodiments, the wound is an ophthalmic or dermal wound, such as a corneal epithelial defect, a conjunctival wound, or dermal abrasion. Administration, for example, may be by topical application of the composition to the ocular surface or skin. Exemplary mast cell stabilizers include olopatadine, variants of olopatadine, alcaftidine, derivatives of alcaftidine, dihydropyridines, and spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: The use of poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxybutylene) block copolymers in pharmaceutical compositions useful for modifying the surfaces of contact lenses and other medical devices is disclosed. The present invention is based in-part on a discovery that this class of compounds is particularly efficient in wetting hydrophobic surfaces, such as the surfaces of silicone hydrogel contact lenses and other types of ophthalmic lenses. Such compounds are also useful for cleaning purposes. The use of the compounds as surfactants in various types of compositions for treating contact lenses therefore represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of treating dry eye or dry eye symptom includes topically administering a formulation to the eye. The formulation includes an ophthalmically acceptable carrier and a pharmaceutically effective amount of a positive modulator of PSA-NCAM. The administered formulation treats dry eye or dry eye symptoms. A method of stimulating the expression of PSA-NCAM in neural beds of an eye includes topically administering a formulation to the eye. The formulation includes an ophthalmically acceptable carrier and a pharmaceutically effective amount of a positive modulator of PSA-NCAM. The administered formulation may stimulate the expression of PSA-NCAM in the neural beds of the eye. A formulation includes an ophthalmically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a positive modulator of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM).

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a water insoluble polymer matrix that comprises a bioerodable polyester polymer or a fatty acid based polyester polymer, or a mixture of both polymers, wherein the polymer matrix has a melting point of less than 60° C., and wherein the composition is liquid or paste at room temperature and is formulated to occlude a punctual channel in a subject and conforms to the shape of the canalicular or punctal channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) a bioerodible water insoluble polymer matrix comprising a polyester polymer, wherein the polymer matrix has a melting point of less than 60° C. and (b) an active agent dispersed within the polymer matrix, wherein the composition is formulated to controllably release the active agent for a pre-determined period of time to a target site. Also disclosed are methods of treating a disease or condition with the disclosed compositions.

Abstract: The invention concerns in one embodiment a method for treating glaucoma or elevated IOP in a patient comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of a composition comprising an agent that modulates PAI-1 binding to vitronectin. In another embodiment, the invention concerns a method of manufacturing a compound to be used as a treatment for glaucoma or elevated IOP comprising providing a candidate substance suspected of modulating PAI-1 binding, selecting the compound by assessing the ability of the candidate substance to decrease the amount of active PAI-1 in the trabecular meshwork of a subject suffering from glaucoma or elevated PAI-1, and manufacturing the selected compound.

Abstract: The use of 5,6,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid and analogs is disclosed for the treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and skin disorders such as allergic dermatitis, contact hypersensitivity, urticaria (hives), rosacea, or psoriasis.

Abstract: 2-Pyrrolidone derivatives are provided as preservatives for topical formulations, particularly for ophthalmic, otic, and nasal formulations. N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, without any other preservative or preservative aid in an isotonic pH 7.5 formulation, provided sufficient preservation to comply with the European Pharmacopoeia 5.0 standards in addition to the United States Pharmacopoeia 24 standards for parenteral and ophthalmic preparations. On the other hand, N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidone requires a second anti-microbial agent to achieve such preservation standards.

Abstract: Packaging materials substantially lacking adsorptive and absorptive properties for 2-pyrrolidone derivatives are provided. The packaged products described herein provide for retention of the 2-pyrrolidone derivative within the formulation thereby maintaining the integrity of such formulations. Packaged products are useful for ophthalmic, otic, and nasal applications. Ophthalmic application includes therapeutic uses and contact lens care uses.

Abstract: Disclosed are ophthalmic device materials having improved light transmission characteristics. The materials contain a combination of certain UV absorbers and blue-light absorbing chromophores.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for diagnosing or monitoring elevated intraocular pressure or glaucoma in a patient comprising providing a biological sample from the patient and measuring the expression level of a superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) gene in the biological sample. The present invention also concerns methods for treating glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure in a patient comprising administering to a patient an effective amount of an agent that modulates SOD-2 expression or SOD-2 activity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the provision of multi-dose, self-preserved ophthalmic compositions. The compositions possess sufficient antimicrobial activity to satisfy USP preservative efficacy requirements, as well as similar preservative standards (e.g., EP and JP), without requiring the presence of conventional anti-microbial preservative agents, such as benzalkonium chloride. The compositions are effectively preserved by a balanced ionic buffer system containing zinc ions at a concentration of 0.04 to 0.9 mM, preferably 0.04 to 0.4 mM. One aspect of the balanced buffer system is limitation of the amount of buffering anions present to a concentration of 15 mM or less, preferably 5 mM or less. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions also contain borate or, most preferably, one or more borate/polyol complexes. The use of propylene glycol as the polyol in such complexes is strongly preferred.