Abstract: In operating a mill including a blast furnace and a steel converter, it is difficult to mutually adapt the operations of the blast furnace and of the converter in a flexible way. When using scrap as a coolant in the refining process, undesired accompanying elements are introduced into the metal melt.The invention consists in that, instead of a blast furnace, a direct reduction plant in combination with a meltdown gasifier are provided as the pig iron source. This aggregate is operated in combination with a single steel converter. The direct reduction plant, on its discharge side, is connected both with the meltdown gasifier and with the steel converter via sponge iron transporting devices. The meltdown gasifier communicates with the steel converter via a transport line for molten pig iron. As the solid charge in the refining process sponge iron is exclusively used.

Abstract: An electric furnace includes a furnace vessel covered by a furnace lid liftable and lowerable by a lid lifting mechanism and pivotable from a position above the furnace vessel into a position lateral of the furnace vessel and back by a lid pivoting mechanism. A lid supporting framework is pivotably mounted lateral of the furnace vessel and includes at least one lid bracket extending over the furnace vessel for lifting, lowering and pivoting the furnace lid. In order to be able to pivot the lid bracket without furnace lid and without necessitating manipulations to be carried out at the furnace lid for the purpose of exchanging the lid or the lid core, the lid bracket is detachably connected to the furnace lid by at least one coupling means, with a coupling piece of the coupling means being arranged on the lid bracket and a coupling counter piece of the coupling means being arranged on the furnace lid.

Abstract: A rail switch control mechanism including a locking clamp which is shiftable using a path rod. The locking clamp has, on an end facing the switch tonque, a swivel head. The swivel head is swivelably connected with a switch tongue. In use, the locking clamp cooperates with a locking piece. In the locked position of the clamp, a shoulder of the locking clamp contacts a shoulder of the locking piece. The switch tongue rail is linked to the swivel head with the interposition of a pin arranged with an elongated slot extending longitudinally of the tongue rail. The elongated slot is arranged within a connecting member which is rigidly connected to the switch tongue rail, e.g. by being threadedly connected, to the web of the switch tongue rail.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing cooling gas for a producer gas produced in a melt-down gasifier and surplus gas usable in an appropriate manner by cooling and cleaning at least part of the producer gas and the top gas of an iron ore reduction unit are proposed. The cooling gas is exclusively obtained by preparing producer gas. There is a cooling and a cleaning unit for the surplus gas and the cooling gas in each case. A constant gas flow is passed through the rear portion of the cooling and cleaning unit for the cooling gas with the aid of a constant volume blower. That part of the producer gas supplied to the cooling and cleaning unit for the cooling gas which exceeds this constant gas flow is passed into the cooling and cleaning unit for the surplus gas. The cooling and cleaning units can be constructed in two-stage manner, namely with in each case one packing washer (3 or 6) and a following adjustable Venturi washer (5 or 8).

Abstract: An electric furnace includes a furnace vessel arranged on a furnace platform and covered by a furnace lid liftable and lowerable by a lid lifting mechanism and pivotable from a position above the furnace vessel into a position lateral of the furnace vessel, and back, by a lid pivoting mechanism. A lid supporting framework pivotably mounted lateral of the furnace vessel and including at least one lid bracket is provided for lifting, lowering and pivoting the furnace lid. In order that the high-current cables are only slightly twisted when pivoting the furnace lid, despite the pivot axis for the furnace lid being arranged as close to the furnace vessel as possible, the lid supporting framework is pivotably connected with the furnace platform by an oscillating crank hinged to it.

Abstract: In a fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, a valve needle and a valve needle spring are provided, in which the valve needle can be opened against the force of the valve needle spring (6). In the valve needle spring chamber (8) a displacer piston (7) is arranged so as to overlap the valve needle spring (6), which piston clears a displacing volume after a pre-injection so that the pre-injection is separated from the main injection.

Abstract: A take-away device for a flattened tubing foil forming machine having an improved foil edge position control. The take-away device for tubing foil is formed by an extruder with a tubing blow head carrying out a blowing process. The tubing foil is flattened between a pair of squeeze rollers, which pair of rollers can reversingly turn about a vertical axis of rotation. At least two turning rods are disposed following the squeeze rollers. The turning rods are pivotable about at least one vertical axis, and have, if necessary, at least one deflecting rod. The rods are pivoted by a frame member about a horizontal axis of rotation. A winding-up device receives the flattened tubing foil from the turning rod. A measuring instrument is disposed between the final turning rod from which the tubing foil is guided to the wind-up device, and the wind-up device.

Abstract: In order to ensure that flue gases will not escape from an enclosure (1) which contains a metallurgical vessel (2) as charging boxes (10) are moved into and out of the enclosure, the charging crane (14) is disposed inside the enclosure (1) and the enclosure contains at least one lock chamber (11), which is adapted to contain a charging box (10) in a stand-by position and which adjoins a charging opening (9) that is formed in a side wall (5) of the enclosure. A top wall of the lock chamber is formed with an opening (12), which is adapted to be closed and through which a charging box can be moved between the lock chamber and the main part of the interior of the enclosure.

Abstract: When operating mills including a coling plant, a blast furnace arrangement and a converter steelworks, large amounts of partially high-grade so-called cupola gases, such as coke oven gas and converter exhaust gases, form, which cupola gases, so far. In order to render these cupola gases utilizable at a better efficiency, thus reducing the specific energy consumption per ton of crude steel produced, and in order to be less dependent on external scrap, a plant for directly reducing iron ore is additionally adjoined to the mill. The ducts for the exhaust gas from the converters and the coke oven gas ducts from the coking plant are connected to a reformer to produce reducing gas substantially containing CO and H. The reformer is connected with the direct reduction plant via a reducing gas duct.

Abstract: The movable consolidating trestle (2) has driven caterpillars (1). The consolidating trestle comprises a cap (3) being supported on the frame (11) via props (5). The cap (3) has at least one front-side section which is bent, rounded or bendable in direction to the frame. A bent section (8) includes with the plane of the cap (3) an angle (.alpha.) which is greater than the maximum angle (.beta.) of inclination with which the cap can be obliquely adjusted relative to the frame (11). When giving the cap (3) an inclined position, there results a horizontal component of the load-exerting force (14), said horizontal component facilitating saving of the consolidating trestle.

Abstract: The bucket-wheel excavator comprises a swivellable bucket-wheel boom 6 and a swivellable bridge 11. At a transfer location, the bridge 11 is rotatably supported on a truncated conical superstructure 10 and the turntable b 16 l of the bridge comprises raking protrusions 17, which clear the surface 18 of the superstructure 10 of debris when swivelling the turntable 16 (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A shield advancing machine, comprising cutting tools (15) rotatably supported on cantilever arms (13, 14) being rotatable around an axis approximately extending in advancing direction and being swivellable in transverse direction to this axis, has a carrier (4) which is guided and supported in axial direction of the shield (1). A rotation drive (22, 33) for a rest (9) of the cantilever arms (13, 14) is provided on the carrier (4), and the cantilever arms (13, 14) as well as their swivel drive (16, 17) are linked to the rest (9).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the continuous production of a solid granulate by drying and simultaneous granulation in a flow bed. In this connection, the solid to be granulated, in the form of a solution or suspension, is sprayed into or onto the bed of material consisting of pregranulated solid and fluidized by an injected drying gas of suitable temperature, a corresponding quantity of granulate is discharged from the bed of material and separately therefrom the drying gas is drawn off together with the water vapor produced. In order to obtain a mode of operation independent of the flow velocity of the drying gas, the granules of the fluidized bed of material are continuously subjected to a centrifugal force classification, the mixture of drying gas and water vapor serving as carrier gas for classification.

Abstract: In the operation of mills for the production of steel from molten pig iron and solid ferrous carriers, it is sought for economic reasons to increase the portion of solid ferrous carriers. To supply thermal carriers, such as fossile fuels, as is known, involves the disadvantages of extended charging times and of undesired accompanying elements introduced into the process.To avoid these disadvantages, the invention provides for a combination of at least one steel converter with a direct reduction plant, a meltdown gasifier and a cupola. Therein, sponge iron discharged from the direct reduction plant is melted to pig iron in the meltdown gasifier, on the one hand, and is used as solid charge for the converter. Scrap, together with coke, is melted in the cupola to blown metal, the latter, together with the pig iron produced in the meltdown gasifier, being supplied to the converter as liquid charge.

Abstract: A process for producing cooling gas for a producer gas produced in a melt-down gasifier and surplus gas usable in an appropriate manner by cooling and cleaning at least part of the producer gas and the top gas of an iron ore reduction unit are proposed. The cooling gas is exclusively obtained by preparing producer gas. There is a cooling and a cleaning unit for the surplus gas and the cooling gas in each case. A constant gas flow is passed through the rear portion of the cooling and cleaning unit for the cooling gas with the aid of a constant volume blower. That part of the producer gas supplied to the cooling and cleaning unit for the cooling gas which exceeds this constant gas flow is passed into the cooling and cleaning unit for the surplus gas.

Abstract: A metallurgical plant comprises a tiltable metallurgical vessel (1) and an enclosure surrounding said vessel. The vessel is provided with a cover (6), which is adapted to be lifted and to be horizontally pivotally moved away from the vessel (1) so as to permit the vessel to be charged by means of a charging box (5), which is suspended from a charging crane disposed outside the enclosure. To simplify the access to the metallurgical vessel (1) and substantially to prevent or minimize an escape of flue gas from the enclosure, a charging opening (8) which is adapted to be closed, is formed in the enclosure in a side wall (2) thereof which extends transversely to the horizontal axis about which the vessel (1) is tiltable, and the enclosure is formed in its top wall (4) with a top wall opening (11), which opens into the charging opening (8) and extends from the latter in the direction of said horizontal axis and is adapted to receive the crane ropes (10).

Abstract: For the purpose of introducing or removing gases into liquids or out of liquids, in particular substrates being subject to a biological conversion, rotating plates (3) are immersed into the liquid phase. The plates (3) are rotatably arranged within a tubular receptacle (1) and arranged in at least one axial section such that they alternately include with the axis (2) of rotation extending in parallel relation to the liquid level an angle of more and less than 90.degree.. Shut-off valves (9) for the gas supply conduit and for the gas discharge conduit are connected to the tubular container (1). The plates (3) are provided with a rough surface and are preferably formed of a porous, in particular foamed, material, wire mesh, wire grating or expanded metal sheet. (FIG.

Abstract: In a drift advancing machine cutting rolls are rotatably supported on a centrally arranged pivoted arm. Each cutting roll has a separate drive, each of which comprises a drive motor, a drive shaft and a driven shaft being driven via a bevel gear gearing. The drive shaft is a hollow shaft, within which is accommodated the second drive shaft.

Abstract: A particle classifier and in particular a particle classifier wheel where the blades are made entirely of a wear-resistant material such as sintered corundum. The blades extend between two discs and are mounted therebetween to have some axial play. The ends of the blades fit into annular grooves formed in the two discs and rubbery-elastic inserts are provided to hold the blades in place.

Abstract: A movable cutting machine is subdivided into a front portion (1) and a rear portion (2) of the cutting machine, which portions are swingable around an approximately vertical pivotal axis (10) and are secured against a relative displacement in direction of this pivotal axis (10) by means of two joints (11, 12). The front portion (1) of the cutting machine has a caterpillar chassis (3) and carries a swivelling means (5) comprising as the cutting means a cutting arm (6) and two cutting heads (7). The rear portion (2) of the cutting machine has, as a support means against ground, equally a caterpillar chassis (4) and carries auxiliary equipment and/or a section of a conveying trough (13) equipped with a chain conveyer.