Abstract: A railway vehicle bogie, including at least two axles, at least one side member being provided to connect the axles to a central part of the bogie. The side member is formed by an elastic blade shaped as a vertically oriented continuous flattened loop which may be made of composite material or of metal. A process for manufacturing a side member of composite material consists in winding a continuous lap of reinforcing fibers over at least one turn around two studs so as to form a loop, and polymerizing a resin-based matrix around the fibers.

Abstract: Pins (23) consisting of a material having high thermal conductivity are introduced, alternately with blow-out orifices (22) for a coolant (9), into the material, to be cooled, of a component (141), in such a way that said pins project out of the component on the cooling side (12) of the latter. These pins are cooled in the region which projects out of the component whilst heat is supplied to them in the region which is embedded in the component. The alternating arrangement with blow-out orifices ensures that the flow (7) passes around the pins. This point is important particularly when the pins are arranged in a narrow gap, such as occurs especially in the cooling of the trailing edges of gas turbine blades. The necessary number of blow-out orifices and therefore the coolant consumption is reduced.

Abstract: In a burner (14) with at least one fuel supply system (15, 16) through which the burner (14) is fed a fuel flow (12), and the fuel fed is injected via fuel nozzles and subsequently burned in a combustion chamber (11), the formation and amplification of pressure fluctuations in the combustion chamber is prevented in a simple way in terms of design by virtue of the fact that means (17) are provided which prevent periodic pressure fluctuations which occur in the combustion chamber from leading to fluctuations in the fuel flow (12) in the fuel supply system (15, 16).

Abstract: When directional overcurrent protection relays are included at the load end of a set of parallel feeders fed from an AC power source, a minimum fault-current threshold is specified based on the potential of a phase-to-phase fault at the source to cause a relay to operate misleadingly. This threshold is, for plain (transformerless) feeders, approximately 50% and, for transformer feeders, approximately 85% (nominally 86.7%) of rated pre-fault load current. These thresholds can, however, be ignored if the relay outputs are processed in a 2-out-of-3 circuit, so that a relay on one phase will only operate its associated circuit breaker if a relay on another phase has also operated, a condition which has been found not to obtain in the case of a source fault.

Abstract: Steam turbines with or without a control stage are constructed with the same number of control valves. There are preferably two control valves in each case. The valve subassembly, the turbine outer casing and parts of the turbine inner casing are of identical design and can be used for steam turbines with or without a control stage. In the case of the steam turbine illustrated with a control stage, the inner casing is provided with integrated nozzle boxes, which are separated from each other by intermediate walls. In the case of a steam turbine without a control stage, the nozzle boxes, and accordingly, also the intermediate walls are missing.

Abstract: A heat shield for a gas turbine, which heat shield encloses in an annular manner the moving blades, rotating in the hot-gas duct of the gas turbine, of a stage of the gas turbine and consists of a plurality of heat-shield segments which are arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction, are curved in the shape of a segment of a circle and are cooled from outside, and the longitudinal sides which are designed as correspondingly curved rails running in the circumferential direction and having in each case a pair of arms of which project in the axial direction, run in parallel and are at a distance from one another, the heat-shield segments, while forming a cavity to which cooling air can be admitted, are fastened to the inside of an annular carrier, which concentrically surrounds the heat shield in such a way that in each case a radial gap is formed between the longitudinal sides of heat-shield segments and the adjacent elements which define the hot-gas duct on the outside.

Abstract: A seat has: a moveable upper part (14) for receiving at least one occupant, the moveable upper part being carried by a fixed lower part forming a substructure (16), and a turning mechanism (28) for turning the upper part (14) backwards and forwards. The turning mechanism (28) contains a pivot (30) connecting the upper part (14) and the substructure (16). The axis (Z) of this pivot is substantially vertical. The turning mechanism (28) also contains a slide (36) mounted on the upper part (14) so as to be displaceable in rotation about the pivot (30) and in translational motion substantially perpendicular to the axis (Z), and two complementary cams (46, 48) carried respectively by the substructure (16) and the upper part (14). One of the cams has a developing profile imparting a predetermined turning travel to the upper part (14).

Abstract: A heat exchange unit for hot gas heat recovery has a heat exchange array situated within a heat exchange duct defined between a cylindrical outer casing and an axially slidable inner sleeve. The sleeve, together with a plug valve at the upper end of the unit, forms a variable position sleeve valve arrangement which simultaneously controls the flow of hot gas through the heat exchange duct and the bypass duct.

Abstract: An apparatus for vitrifying heavy-metal-containing residues having a chlorine content above 10% by mass, in particular from flue gas cleaning, which are melted in a melting furnace, the constituents which cannot be incorporated into the melt are separated in the main furnace into two fractions, the first fraction comprising the readily volatile components and the second fraction comprising the salt-like less volatile components, and the first fraction is evaporated off, conducted out of the furnace together with the exhaust gas and collected as condensate, and the second fraction is separated from the surface of the melt as liquid salt and is discharged.

Abstract: Moving blades of a fluid-flow machine are fastened in a circumferential slot on the rotor by means of blade roots. For the installation of the last moving blade, a gap is provided between the first and penultimate blade. After the latter has been fitted, a residual gap remains in the circumferential slot, and this residual gap is filled by means of whole intermediate pieces and halved intermediate pieces (7a, 7b), which are arranged between the moving-blade roots. According to the invention, the inner sides (8) of the halved intermediate pieces (7a, 7b), which inner sides (8) face the center of the circumferential slot, are of hook-shaped design. In this case, the inner side (8) of one half (7a) of a halved intermediate piece forms the geometric negative of the inner side (8) of the other half (7b) of the halved intermediate piece. As a result, the two halves (7a, 7b) can be connected to one another in a positive-locking manner.

Abstract: This method of electrically connecting insulated-gate bipolar transistor chips mounted on an integrated-circuit wafer (10), consists in welding the collector, emitter and gate-control electrodes (26, 28) to corresponding connection locations (14, 16) of the chips. At least some of the emitter electrodes (26) are made in a single piece in the form of a plate (20) of electrically conducting material which, on one of its large faces, has protruding parts which define connection pads that are welded to the corresponding connection locations.

Abstract: Supply system for an electric traction vehicle equipped with electric traction motors (M1 to M4) supplied by a traction system and pantograph means (2) for connecting the traction system (1) to a catenary (3), characterized in that it furthermore comprises in combination, an autonomous supply device carried on board a vehicle and including a kinetic accumulation of energy system (5) having a rotating machine with rotor forming a flywheel and operating either as a motor, or as a generator, means (2, 18) for connecting the kinetic accumulation of energy system (5) in the charging regime to the mains supply during stoppages of the vehicle in stations, and in the discharging regime, to the traction system (1), the said kinetic accumulation of energy system (5) being a system for recovering the braking energy of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method of synchronously closing a hydraulically-controlled circuit breaker connected in an AC network, the method including, for each pole of the circuit breaker, using a microcontroller connected to the hydraulic control system via static switches to perform the following steps: on receiving a closure order, controlling the static switches to close the pole; waiting for a signal indicating that the pole has moved a certain distance between its open position and its closed position; on receiving the signal controlling the static switches to cause the pole to open; detecting when the network voltage passes through a zero value; and waiting for a certain amount of time to elapse measured from the detection prior to controlling the static switches to cause the pole to close, the time lapse being such that full closure of the pole takes place at a moment that coincides with the instant at which the network voltage reaches a characteristic value depending on the nature of the load to be connected.

Abstract: An electric transformer comprising a primary coil and a secondary coil each constituted by at least a first coil formed by winding one or more metal-matrix superconductive conductors. The first coil of the primary coil or of the secondary coil is connected in series with at least one second coil formed by a solid superconductive tube machined to form a solenoid, the second coil being disposed coaxially with the first coil. This design contributes to protecting the transformer by means of its current-limiting effect.

Abstract: There is provided a method and system for evaluating a condition of a surface of a combustion vessel exposed to deposition thereon of a material released during a combustion of a fuel in the combustion vessel during a combustion process. The method preferably comprises the steps of imposing a current on an electrical network arranged relative to the combustion vessel and having at least one electrode and thereafter detecting at least one characteristic of the electrical network during the step of imposing a current on the electrical network. The method further includes the step of evaluating a condition of the deposition exposed surface based upon the at least one detected characteristic of the electrical network.

Abstract: A mechanism for inserting a closure resistor serves for an electrical switch which contains a semi-moving arcing contact secured to a metal rod connected to the resistor. The mechanism includes a metal tube mounted to slide on the rod and carrying fingers that plug onto a conductive plug of the switch. A switch is disposed between a shoulder provided on the rod and a shoulder provided on the tube so as to be compressed during a first stage of switch opening, and so as to exert a return force on the tube to displace it in the axial direction in order to separate the fingers from the plug during a second stage of switch opening. The mechanism also includes a system having at least one ball which locks the tube so as to prevent it from being displaced in the axial direction during the first opening stage, and which retracts during the second opening stage so as to release the tube so that it can be displaced.

Abstract: A coating composition for superalloy structural parts, especially, for gas turbine vanes and blades, which has high resistance to oxidation and corrosion and has excellent mechanical behavior. The coating preferably comprises: 18 to 28 wt % of Co; 11 to 15 wt % of Cr; 11.5 to 14 wt % of Al; 1 to 8 wt % of Re; 1 to 2.3 wt % of Si; 0.2 to 1.5 wt % of Ta; 0.2 to 1.5 wt % of Nb; 0.3 to 1.3 wt % of Y; 0 to 1.5 wt % of Mg; 0 to 0.5 wt % of a total of La and La-series; 0 to 0.1 wt % of B; less than 0.1 wt % of Hf; and less than 0.1 wt % of C. The balance of the coating is Ni. A total of Y, La, and La-series is from 0.3 to 2.0 wt %, and a total of Si and Ta is equal to or less than 2.5 wt %.

Abstract: This damping device comprises: two symmetrical jacks (10, 10′), extending respectively between each support member (8, 6) and the housing (4), each jack (10, 10′) defining two chambers (24, 24′, 26, 26′) filled with a hydraulic fluid (16, 16′), two hydraulic lines (28, 28′) establishing fluid communication between, on the one hand, the first chambers (24, 24′) of the jacks and, on the other hand, the second chambers (26, 26′) of the jacks, two branch lines (30, 30′) opening into two accumulators (32, 32′) containing a compressed gas, and means (34, 36, 40, 42) capable of providing a controlled flow rate of the fluid outside the said chambers (24, 24′, 26, 26′) and means (38, 44) capable of providing a controlled flow rate of the fluid to the accumulators. The intensity of damping of the transverse and hunting components can be independently adjusted.

Abstract: The arrangements and the methods serve for the efficient and reliable cooling of components 210, in particular in turbomachines, even in the event of a local increase in the static pressure 234 of a hot fluid which flows over the component. In order to ensure sufficient cooling of the components 210, the distance between the cooling holes 240 is in each case selected in such a way that the cooling holes 240 in the region of increased static pressure 234 of the hot fluid are at a smaller distance from one another than in the regions of lower static pressure. A typical design of the invention is shown in FIG. 3.

Abstract: The device comprises a conductive substrate on which rests a first plane arrangement of semiconductor circuits formed by diodes and IGBT having connecting terminals. The device comprises at least one second plane arrangement of semiconductor circuits, two adjacent plane arrangements being separated by a plane conductor array comprising at least one electrically conductive and heat dissipative busbar connected to terminals of circuits of a first arrangement, said busbar further supporting circuits of a second plane arrangement, at least one conductive member electrically insulated from said busbar being connected to other terminals of the circuits of said first arrangement and being disposed within the volume of said busbar.