Abstract: An inverse design machine for making a manufactured article that includes a designer Impact-mitigating architectured isotropic structure includes: an input unit that receives a primary structure; a primary structure analyzer that receives the primary structure from the input unit and determines primary properties of the primary structure; a structure adjuster that receives the primary properties from the primary structure analyzer, receives impact-mitigating properties from a structural property manager, and produces the designer Impact-mitigating architectured isotropic structure from the impact-mitigating properties; and the structural property manager that provides the impact-mitigating properties to the structure adjuster.

Abstract: A gateless P-N junction metrolog includes: a junction member including: a p-interface; and an n-interface disposed laterally and adjacent to the p-interface; and a p-n junction disposed at where the p-interface and n-interface contact; a drain electrode disposed on the junction member; a source electrode disposed on the junction member such that the source electrode is spaced apart from and opposing the drain electrode; an n-polymer disposed on the n-interface of the junction member; a p-polymer disposed on the p-interface of the junction member such that the n-polymer is interposed between the p-polymer and the n-interface; a mediation polymer disposed on the p-polymer such that the p-polymer is interposed between the mediation polymer and the junction member; and a mediator disposed in the mediation polymer and that receives electrons from the junction member in forming the p-interface.

Abstract: A fluxonic processor includes processes photonic synapse events and includes a transmitter that receives neuron signal and produces output photons; a neuron that receives a dendrite signal and produces the neuron signal from the dendrite signal; a dendrite that receives a synapse signal, and produces the dendrite signal from the synapse signal, the dendrite including: a dendritic receiver loop; a dendritic Josephson isolator; and a dendritic integration loop; and the synapse in electrical communication with the dendrite and that receives an input photon and produces the synapse signal from the input photon, the synapse including: a synaptic receiver; a synaptic Josephson isolator in communication with the synaptic receiver; and a synaptic integration loop that receives the synaptic receiver fluxons and produces the synapse signal from the synaptic receiver fluxons.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology use low-frequency magnetic signals for communication and location applications. Compared to the case of traditionally used radio-frequency electromagnetic signals, their advantage in the presence of strong signal attenuation is in the extended spatial range. Some embodiments use an optically pumped atomic magnetometer operated as a sensor to achieve high detection sensitivity. The spatial range can be extended to hundreds of meters when noise is suppressed by the use of the available sensor sensitivity. In some embodiments, a one-channel spread-spectrum signal processing technique can be used to eliminate the systematic fluctuations coming from power grid (or another source) harmonics and reduce the ambient noise by averaging uncorrelated fluctuations from the environment.

Abstract: A single quantum emitter single photon source produces a single photon stream and includes: a single-mode excitation waveguide that receives a pump light, propagates pump light as resonant excitation light, and produces evanescent excitation light; a separation gap between single-mode excitation waveguide and a multi-mode intermediate waveguide; a multi-mode intermediate waveguide that: includes a single quantum emitter, evanescently receives the evanescent excitation light from the single-mode excitation waveguide, propagates the evanescent excitation light as resonant excitation light, and subjects the single quantum emitter to the resonant excitation light such that the single quantum emitter produces emitted single photons; and a single-mode output waveguide that receives the emitted single photons from the multi-mode intermediate waveguide and propagates the emitted single photons as an emitted single photon stream.

Abstract: A SI-traceable Rydberg atom radiofrequency power meter determines power of reference radiofrequency radiation and includes: a reference radiofrequency source that provides reference radiofrequency radiation; a vapor cell including: a pair of parallel-plate waveguides; a vapor cell wall including parallel opposing faces of the parallel-plate waveguides; and the vapor space physically bounded by the vapor cell wall to contain gas atoms in an optical overlap volume; and a transmission detector that receives the output light from the vapor cell and produces a transmission signal from the transmission detector for determination of power of the reference radiofrequency radiation, wherein the SI-traceable Rydberg atom radiofrequency power meter determines power of the reference radiofrequency radiation by electromagnetically induced transparency of the gas atoms in a Rydberg electronic state, the determination of power being traceable to the International System of Units (SI).

Abstract: A planar inverse anapole microresonator includes: an anapolic substrate; an anapolic conductor that includes a first and second inverse anapolic pattern; each inverse anapolic pattern including: a semi annular arm that terminates in a first arm tendril and a second arm tendril; and a medial arm terminating at a medial tip, and the medial tip of the first inverse anapolic pattern opposes the medial tip of the second inverse anapolic pattern, such that the medial tip of the first inverse anapolic pattern is separated from the medial tip of the second inverse anapolic pattern by a medial gap, and the planar inverse anapole microresonator produces a magnetic field region that concentrates a magnetic field localized between the medial tip of the first inverse anapolic pattern and the medial tip of the second inverse anapolic pattern in response to the planar inverse anapole microresonator being subjected to microwave radiation.

Abstract: A photonic quantum dew point sensor determines a dew point of an analyte and includes a common substrate; a photonic dew sensor on the common substrate and exposed for direct contact with the analyte; a photonic temperature sensor on the common substrate; an optomechanical temperature sensor on the common substrate; a dew sensor substrate interposed between the photonic dew sensor and the common substrate; a heater on the dew sensor substrate proximate to the photonic dew sensor; a temperature sensor substrate interposed between the common substrate and each of the photonic temperature sensor and the optomechanical temperature sensor; and a sensor cover on the photonic temperature sensor, the optomechanical temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor substrate to cover the photonic temperature sensor and the optomechanical temperature sensor to prevent direct contact between the analyte and each of the photonic temperature sensor and the optomechanical temperature sensor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and apparatus for detecting atmospheric nitric oxide (NO) at signal levels capable of distinguishing the NO isotopologues. More particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and apparatus for a single photon laser induced fluorescence (LIF) sensor that pumps a vibronic transition near 215 nm and observes the resulting red shifted fluorescence from about 255 to about 267 nm. Embodiments of the present system uses a NO-LIF measurement fiber-amplified laser apparatus capable of: generating laser linewidth that is sufficiently narrow to resolve the Doppler broadened NO spectrum at room temperature and thereby achieve high signal levels and distinguish the NO isotopologues; generating laser repetition rate sufficient to enable single-photon counting of the fluorescence signal; and having size, weight and environmental robustness allowing for integration onto airborne platforms.

Abstract: An amino acid-specific binder selectively binds to a binding amino acid. A binder complex selectively identifies the binding amino acid and includes an adjunct attached to the amino acid-specific binder. The adjunct includes a taggant, protein, substrate, or chemical modifier. Selectively identifying an N-terminal amino acid includes anchoring a C-terminal end; contacting an N-terminal amino acid of the anchored analyte with the binder complex; selectively binding when the N-terminal amino acid includes the binding amino acid; producing, by the taggant of the tagged complex, a taggant signal; detecting the taggant signal; and identifying the N-terminal amino acid based on the taggant signal.

Abstract: The inventive concept discloses a time series quantification method of supravital dye uptake of a cell using a lens-free imaging system.

Abstract: A millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer generates a millimeter wave by photomixing two Kerr-soliton microcombs. A single-frequency laser beam is modulated to create first and second pump components having first and second pump frequencies. The first pump component excites a first microresonator to create a first microcomb while the second pump component excites a second microresonator to generate a second microcomb. A pair of comb lines from the two microcombs is detected to generate a low-frequency beat note that is phase-locked by identically tuning the pump frequencies. Another pair of comb lines is detected with a high-speed photodiode to generate the millimeter wave. The frequency of the millimeter wave is based on (i) the difference between the pump frequencies, (ii) the difference between the repetition rates, and (iii) the index of the comb lines that are photomixed to generate the millimeter wave.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus for multilayer superconducting structures comprising electroplated Rhenium, where the Rhenium operates in a superconducting regime at or above 4.2 K, or above 1.8 K where specific temperatures and times of annealing have occurred. The structure can include at least a first conductive layer applied to a substrate, where the Rhenium layer is electroplated to the first layer. A third layer formed from the same or a different conductor as the first layer can be formed atop the Rhenium layer.

Abstract: A non-resonant ESR instrument/probe that can easily accept an identification card (or the like) form factor device incorporating a radiation sensitive material providing reliable and calibrated dose measurement stably and permanently stored into the device and deployed to individual, persons, animals, or objects, to act as a personal-surrogate dosimeter primarily in radiation mass events with radiation dose derived from a measure of the radiation induced changes in paramagnetic density obtained via transmission mode electron spin resonance measurements.

Abstract: A scanning microwave ellipsometer includes: a microwave ellipsometry test head including: a polarization controller; a transmission line; and a sensor that produces sensor microwave radiation, subjects a sample to the sensor microwave radiation, receives a sample reflected microwave radiation from the sample that results from subjecting the sample with the sample reflected microwave radiation, and produces a sensor-received microwave radiation from the sample reflected microwave radiation, wherein a polarization of the sensor microwave radiation is controlled by the polarization controller; an electrical signal measurement system that produces an electrical readout signal such that a magnitude of reflection coefficient ? and an angle of reflection coefficient ? of the sample reflected microwave radiation is determined from the electrical readout signal; and a position controller that adjusts a relative position of the sensor and the sample.

Abstract: A uniaxial counter-propagating monolaser atom trap cools and traps atoms with a single a laser beam and includes: an atom slower that slows atoms to form slowed atoms; an optical diffractor including: a first diffraction grating that receives primary light and produces first reflected light; a second diffraction grating that receives primary light and produces second reflected light; and a third diffraction grating that receives the primary light and produces third reflected light; and a trapping region that forms trap light from the reflected lights and receives slowed atoms to produce trapped atoms from the slowed atoms that interact with the trap light.

Abstract: A primary single photon optoelectronic neuron includes a photonic synaptic input waveguide; an optoelectronic synapse; a synapto-dendritic electrical connection in communication with the optoelectronic synapse; an electronic dendrite in communication with the synapto-dendritic electrical connection; a dendrite-neuronal electrical interface in communication with the electronic dendrite; an integrator in communication with the dendrite-neuronal electrical interface; a superconducting wire in communication with the integrator; an axon hillock electronic-to-photonic transducer in communication with the superconducting wire; and an axonic waveguide in communication with the axon hillock electronic-to-photonic transducer and that receives the axonic photonic signal.

Abstract: A pulsed laser interferometer includes: a pulsed laser; a vibration controller that produces a vibration control signal that controls a vibrational frequency and vibrational amplitude of a structural member; an interferometer controller; a pathlength control stage that changes an optical pathlength for laser pulses; a pathlength reflector that moves in concert with the pathlength control stage to change the optical pathlength of propagation for the laser pulses; a light pulse detector that produces a light pulse detector signal; an interference light detector that produces an interference frequency signal; a signal mixer that produces a reference frequency signal; and a phase-sensitive detector that produces a vibrational amplitude signal and a vibrational phase signal from the interference frequency signal referenced to the reference frequency signal.

Abstract: A light article includes: a substrate; a truncated cuboidal fin disposed on the substrate and including: a laterally-grown nanocrystal including a longitudinal length and a lateral length that are different; a charge injection facet arranged along a longitudinal fin axis of the truncated cuboidal fin; and a truncation facet disposed opposing the charge injection facet and arranged parallel to the longitudinal fin axis; a side-injector disposed on the charge injection facet of the truncated cuboidal fin and that provides electrons to an active layer; and the active layer interposed between the side-injector and the substrate and that: receives electrons from the side-injector; receives holes from the substrate; and produces light in response to combining the electrons and the holes.

Abstract: A quantum waveguide infrared photodetector includes: a photon absorption layer that receives infrared photons propagating longitudinally along a longitudinal length of the photon absorption layer, converts the infrared photons into electrons, and communicates the electrons to a conductor layer; a first conductor layer that receives a first electrical potential; and a second conductor layer that receives a second electrical potential, wherein electrons produced by the photon absorption layer are communicated from the photon absorption layer: to the first conductor layer when the first electrical potential is more positive than the second electrical potential, and to the second conductor layer when the second electrical potential is more positive than the first electrical potential, an electrical current produced by the electrons is proportional to an amount of absorption of the infrared photons in the photon absorption layer.