Abstract: A can end conveying device for conveying ends from a first press to a second press. The conveyor has an input end and a divertor downstream therefrom. Ends are conveyed along a first track to a stacking station which feeds the ends through a first conduit in a block and then through a gate and onto the track for the second press. When the supply of ends from the first press terminates or falls below the demand of the second press, the gate is shifted and ends are fed by an operator onto a manual feeding track for the second press. When the supply of ends from the first press exceeds the demand of the second press, the divertor is activated by a sensor on the stack and diverts the ends from the first track to a second track leading to a manual bagging station. A novel gate structure is disclosed which facilitates jam free operation of the device.

Abstract: Method of preconditioning acid hydrolyzates derived from lignocellulosic materials such as sawdust or newspaper and preconditioned acid hydrolyzates are provided. The preconditioning negates the effect of substances which tend to inhibit fermentation and comprises a series of steps including steam-stripping, calcium oxide treatment at a pH of 10 to 10.5, adjusting the pH to about 6 to 7 with a mineral acid and especially phosphoric acid and concentrating the hydrolyzate solution to a glucose concentration of less than 150 grams per liter. Glucose contained in such preconditioned hydrolyzates is readily fermentable to ethyl alcohol, in theoretical yield, after fermentation for as short a period as 1 to 2 hours.

Abstract: A synchronous oscillator demodulator for linear variable differential transformers and synchronous resolvers having electronic circuitry designed to digitally construct a preferred waveform of a predetermined frequency and to establish precisely the preset point at which the amplitude of the waveform is to be measured at the secondary winding of the transformer. This synchronous oscillator demodulator permits the use of linear variable differential transformers and synchronous resolvers for high frequency applications and under conditions of noise and vibration while still maintaining a high degree of accuracy and repeatability. A system and apparatus to enhance the signal from a given linear variable differential transformer and tune same in relation to the signals of other similar but not identical transformers is disclosed.

Abstract: A synchronous oscillator demodulator for linear variable differential transformers and synchronous resolvers having electronic circuitry designed to digitally construct a preferred waveform of a predetermined frequency and to establish precisely the preset point at which the amplitude of the waveform is to be measured at the secondary winding of the transformer. This synchronous oscillator demodulator permits the use of linear variable differential transformers and synchronous resolvers for high frequency applications and under conditions of noise and vibration while still maintaining a high degree of accuracy and repeatability. A system and apparatus to enhance the signal from a given linear variable differential transformer and tune sane in relation to the signals of other similar but not identical transformers is disclosed.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of a fibrous web comprises provision of a conduit having a plurality of outlets for discharging classified fibers onto a linearly movable planar section of an endless screen. The fibers pass through openings in the screen and land on an underlying planar section of a forming wire, in formation of the fibrous web, with the aid of an underlying vacuum box. Uniformity of fiber distribution is provided by parallel banks of brushes that engage the planar section of the endless screen and are rapidly oscillated in short, non-synchronous strokes transversely of the direction of screen movement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for the labeling of soft-surfaced disposable cups--particularly those having a tapered or frustum shape--with a thin paper label (32) which provides decoration and structural rigidity to the cup. The label is cut between a die roller (30) and anvil roller (31) from a web (28) of paper having a coating of heat activable adhesive on one side, and the cut label (32) is laid on the rotating surface (37) of a vacuum drum (36). Vacuum ports (113) in the anvil roller (31) and ports (157) in the vacuum drum hold the label on the surfaces of the roller and drum during rotation. The label is heated while on the rotating vacuum drum (36) to activate the adhesive, and an indexer plate (42), having a plurality of cup holding mandrels (41), indexes a mandrel (41) holding a cup (46) into a position in which the rotated cup contacts the heated label and draws it off of the surface of the vacuum drum.

Abstract: The tail of a roll of fibrous web material is secured to underlying layers through penetration of the layers by a row of needles extending tangentially of the roll and in the same direction that the tail extends or is presented. Penetration is to a depth of about 6 layers, and is accompanied by punching out a very small tab of each layer and pushing it into the opening of the successive, underlying layer thereby to lock the tail in place. Pulling the tail to unwind layers from the roll pulls the tabs from succeeding layers in the direction of unwinding, without tearing the outer layer.

Abstract: A method is provided for polymerizing lignosulfonate materials without undesirable viscosity build-up or gelling. The method comprises the steps of premethylolating the lignosulfonate under alkaline conditions followed by condensation of the premethylolated lignosulfonate at elevated temperatures and under neutral and acidic conditions.The resultant products are useful in any of a variety of applications wherein the surface active properties of lignosulfonates may be desirable. The products are useful as dispersants and especially as dye dispersants.

Abstract: Apparatus for the deposition of a uniform web of dry wood pulp fibers on a forming wire in combination with melt blowing die means operable to deposit melt blown fibers on the web of dry fibers to strengthen the web. Means for depositing the webs comprise serially disposed sets of fiber distributors, and the die means is disposed between the sets of fiber distributors so that the melt blown fibers are deposited as separate layers on the finished web.

Abstract: A liquid tight pouring carton is provided, having a pour spout which is easily opened by removal of a tear tab, and can be fully extended thereafter. The tear tab is provided as part of a sealed fin on the top of the carton; the tear tab having a line of weakness extending through the paperboard, but not into or through the barrier and sealing layers of foil and plastic. Until the tab is removed, the carton is completely sealed to leakage or contamination.The invention also contemplates a blank suitable for erection into the carton, and a method of making the blank and erecting and sealing it.

Abstract: A side loading, top opening reclosable carton, formed from a one piece blank has multiple layer front, rear and side walls, and single layer top and bottom walls, providing efficient placement of multiple layers of material only in the vertical walls, which are subjected to substantial stacking stresses. An optional, and novel, end lock has a male lock tab on a front side flap confined between embossments on two rear side flaps. The lock is secured by adhesion provided by a bottom side flap and bridging the front side flap and the outer rear side flap.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a multi-ply fibrous sheet structure, apparatus is operative to provide each of a pair of plies of fibrous web material with a spot embossed first pattern defined by inwardly directed nested protuberances that are adhesively joined at distal surfaces thereof to confronting surfaces of the opposite ply, and to provide the adhesively joined plies with a spot embossed second pattern defined by registered, unidirectionally presented protuberances and filled compactly one within the other of the joined plies.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a multi-ply fibrous sheet structure, each of a pair of plies of fibrous web material is provided with a spot embossed first pattern defined by inwardly directed nested protuberances that are adhesively joined at distal surfaces thereof to confronting surfaces of the opposite ply, and the adhesively joined plies are provided with a spot embossed second pattern defined by registered, unidirectionally presented protuberances in each of the joined plies and fitted compactly one within the other.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a multi-ply fibrous sheet structure, each of a pair of plies of fibrous web material is provided with a spot embossed first pattern defined by inwardly directed nested protuberances that are adhesively joined at distal surfaces thereof to confronting surfaces of the opposite ply, and the adhesively joined plies are provided with a spot embossed second pattern defined by registered, unidirectionally presented protuberances in each of the joined plies and fitted compactly one within the other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of transferring energy from a stationary generator of power at radio frequencies to a rotating work station such as a coil to heat inductively by selectively connecting the generator as the work station rotates past the generator. A pair of stationary contact strips connected to the generator are used to connect the low voltage, high current radio frequency (RF) energy to the rotating machine. The contact strips are a commutating device in that they can intermittently be connected to a series of brushes or contactors carried by work stations requiring power. The contact strips form a closed loop which shunts the energy at the point where the brushes engage and/or leave the contact strips thereby keeping the current flow to a minimum at those points. As the brushes slide across the contact strips they move from the shunt to the power input points on the contact strips and where the current flow increases because the voltage difference between the strips is the greatest.

Abstract: Ligno-novolak resins, either in the form of physical blends of lignin and novolak resins or as synthetically derived from the reaction of lignin, phenol and an aldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst, are provided. The resins, including the physical blends, are curable to thermoset, substantially completely cross-linked resins in which the lignin is interreacted and cross linked through the action of a curing agent such as hexamethylenetetramine. The resins are useful in the production of molding compounds that exhibit properties that are at least comparable to those of compounds derived from novolak resins. Moreover, excellent heat deflection temperatures and superior electrical properties are exhibited by such molding compounds.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacture of fibrous webs including means to spray adhesive binder particles onto a fibrous web supported on a forming wire includes spray heads in a spray booth through which the wire passes, and a pair of baffles extending transversely of the plane of the web, at opposite sides thereof. The baffles and portions of the booth are relatively closely spaced from the web, to form elongate openings below the plane of the web. A suction box having an opening beneath the web and forming wire draws air through the web and wire in a pair of flow paths that lead upwardly through the elongate openings between the baffles and the web, then downwardly through the web and the wire. The air drawn upwardly between the baffles and the web prevents sprayed-on particles of binder material near sides of the web from escaping and contaminating adjacent portions of the apparatus.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a multi-ply fibrous sheet structure, each of a pair of plies of fibrous web material is provided with a pattern of relatively deep, primary, spot embossments each adherent to the opposite ply and surrounded by a pattern of relatively shallow, secondary, non-adherent spot embossments.

Abstract: A continuous process is provided for effecting the acid hydrolysis of whole grains, e.g., corn, at high solids and in an economically desirable manner. The process produces glucose which is readily fermentable to produce ethanol.