Abstract: A method for the production of aluminum substrates useful in the production of lithographic printing plates which comprises simultaneously electrochemically graining both sides of an aluminum sheet in an electrolyte employing three phase alternating current.

Abstract: A polarizer having increased hydrolytic stability is produced by impregnating a polyvinyl alcohol film with an iodine containing composition and then subjecting the substrate to both concentrated infrared and ultraviolet radiation treatments.

Abstract: An improved process for exterifying carboxyaromatics is disclosed wherein an anhydride of a carboxyaromatic, such as pyromellitic dianhydride, is reacted with a fluorinated alcohol and an epoxide to give a mixed ester capable of imparting oil and/or water repellency to textiles. The improvement comprises utilizing the epoxide as the reaction medium to reduce reaction times and waste water treatment requirements.

Abstract: Engraving apparatus with particular reference to a plate to be engraved having a photosensitive surface in which a write laser beam exposes anid surface by scanning the same in conjunction with a read optical path associated with a copy board positioned proximate the plate. Means, for example, such as a read laser beam scans the copy board, the reflection therefrom being noted and used to control the intensity of the write beam. The optical scanning elements of both the read optical path and the write beam are common to each so that positional error due to vibrations in the optical components is eliminated. Provision is made for read-right conversion to read-wrong during preparation of a plate, both by use of memory circuits and by geometrical arrangement. Independent width and length magnification, other than unity, are also provided.

Abstract: Laser imaging system and method in which mid-tones are enhanced to eliminate undesired growth in halftone and text images. The pulses which control the modulation of the writing beam are each decreased in width by a fixed amount to provide the desired mid-tone enhancement.

Abstract: This invention relates to a machine for and a method of making building products from a coiled sheet of thermoplastic polymer such as polyvinyl chloride. In the practice of this invention, portions of the polymeric sheet are selectively and sequentially heated and progressively bent to the desired shape by passing the sheet through a series of heating, forming and cooling stations.The simplified design of the machine enables the user to custom fabricate building products at a construction site with a resulting savings in cost. Typical products adapted to be made in accordance with the invention are exterior building siding, siding accessories and other building products.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the electrochemical treatment of aluminum substrates in a non-aqueous solution of a polybasic organic acid to provide a surface complex which promotes the adhesion of subsequently applied coatings to said surface.

Abstract: A polarizer having increased hydrolytic stability is produced by impregnating a polyvinyl alcohol substrate with an iodine containing composition and then subjecting the substrate to both concentrated infrared and ultraviolet radiation treatments sufficient to substantially increase the hydrolytic stability of the thusly formed polarizer. The polyvinyl alcohol film had been laminated to a polyester support with a dispersed, aqueous composition of polyvinyl alcohol or polyurethane on its surface.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided an electrochemical process for applying a firmly bonded insoluble metal oxide-organic complex on a metal surface by employing the metal as anode and a water-soluble poly basic organic acid as electrolyte together with a strong inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid or further admixed with another strong inorganic acid such as sulfuric. The polybasic acid may be a polyphosphonic acid, polyphosphoric and polycarboxyl acid, or polysulfonic acid and is advantageously polymeric. Polyvinyl phosphonic acid (PVPA) is a preferred electrolyte. Direct current is used. Pulsed plating may optionally be employed. The insoluble metal oxide-organic complex formed is composed of anodic oxide combined with polyacid, which forms a protective layer on the metal of improved corrosion resistance. The metal oxide-organic complex is well-suited to bond light sensitive coatings thereto. The metal may be steel or aluminum. The process is economical and the product novel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the electrochemical treatment of aluminum substrates in a non-aqueous solution of a polymeric polybasic organic acid to provide a surface complex which promotes the adhesion of subsequently applied coatings to said surface.

Abstract: A developer suitable for machine and hand processing may now be made which accomplishes the aforementioned objects which is an aqueous solution comprising 2-propoxyethanol as a detackifying agent, an adjuvant solvent, a nonionic surfactant with a hydrophile-lipophile balance over about 17, and an inorganic salt. A developer/finisher may be prepared by adding thereto a water-soluble polymeric film former which is preferably polyvinyl pyrrolidone. A suspending agent, e.g. polyethylene glycol, is added to hand processing solutions.

Abstract: Novel spiro[indoline-3,4'-piperidine]s and related compounds and methods of preparing same are described. These compounds are useful as antidepressants, anticonvulsants and tranquilizers. Also described is a novel method of preparing indoline rings.

Abstract: Novel spiro[indoline-3,4'-piperidine]s and related compounds and methods of preparing same are described. These compounds are useful as antidepressants, anticonvulsants and tranquilizers. Also described is a novel method of preparing indoline rings.

Abstract: An improved process for selectively N-acylating hydroxy-amino-arylsulfonic acids is disclosed wherein the hydroxy-amino-arylsulfonic acid is dissolved in water by treatment with an alkaline lithium salt, such as lithium hydroxide, and the acylation is conducted while maintaining the pH at about 3-6. The N-acyl-hydroxy-amino-arylsulfonic acids are useful as dyestuff precursors.

Abstract: An aluminum substrate is electrochemically or thermally deposited with a ceramic surface coating comprising an organic acid, such as polyvinyl phosphonic acid, and an alkaline earth silicate or borate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of distilling readily polymerizable vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, vinyl toluenes and divinylbenzenes wherein 2,2-bis(3,5-dinitro-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propane is used as a polymerization inhibitor. The invention is particularly useful for the distillation of divinylbenzene.

Abstract: A developer composition for positive working lithographic printing plates and photoresists comprising an aqueous alkaline solution with a non-ionic surfactant.

Abstract: Aluminum is electrolytically grained in an aqueous solution of nitric and oxalic acids to provide a surface structure suitable for use as part of a lithographic printing plate. The electrolyte may also optionally contain boric acid and/or aluminum nitrate and/or hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A device for the precision positioning of substantially planar materials, especially for use in the lithographic arts. In particular, photographic masks are precisely located for superimposition on photosensitive films or lithographic printing plates held within the frame of a plate making machine.

Abstract: A developer composition for positive photosensitive lithographic printing plates and photoresists comprising an aqueous solution of an inorganic lithium compound and sodium metasilicate.