Abstract: A stream of input speech is coupled as an input to a speech recognizer. The speech can be provided to the speech recognizer directly from a user or first stored and provided from a memory circuit. Each input word is recognized by the speech recognizer and a word confidence score is associated with each corresponding recognized word. The recognized words and their associated word confidence scores are provided to a natural language interpreter which parses the stream of recognized words into predetermined edges. From the edges, the natural language interpreter forms semantic slots which represent a semantic meaning. A slot confidence score related to the word or phone confidence scores for each of the words in the slot is determined for each slot. Based upon the slot confidence score, an ancillary application program determines whether to accept the words used to fill each slot.

Abstract: An apparatus and method allow receivers to quickly acquire a pseudorandom noise signal. A receiver advantageously detects frequency shifts using a compact parallel process hardware implementation of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The simultaneous detection of multiple frequencies allows the receiver to search the frequency range of the transmitted signal in larger increments of frequency, thereby increasing the speed of acquisition. One receiver does not use coherent integration before computation of the transform and advantageously maintains a flat frequency response. The flat frequency response of the DFT circuit enables searching of multiple frequency offsets without CPU intensive processing to compensate for frequency response variations. A receiver can include a Doppler correction circuit, which permits correlation data with frequency shift in the code to be non-coherently integrated among relatively fewer addresses or tap positions in memory.

Abstract: In accordance with the above object and other objects of the present invention a method for linking a performance of a mixed hardware and software system a system failure is provided.

Abstract: An automated calling system includes a database comprising phone numbers and one or more data fields associated with each phone number. Phone numbers (callees) in the database are selected based on the data fields associated therewith. A recorded voice message is transmitted to callees through a plurality of outgoing phone lines, and callees are prompted to enter one of several vocal or TOUCH TONE responses, which is recorded. The database record for the callee is automatically updated based on the vocal or TOUCH TONE response, so that the updated field may be used to select whether to send a future call to the callee.

Abstract: A pulse width distortion correction logic level converter converts differential logic while preserving the pulse width of the original signal. The converter converts a differential input signal to a single-ended signal having a same pulse width as the differential input signal. The present invention receives and converts the differential input signal at a first converter and a second converter, wherein the first converter generates a first output signal, and the second converter generates a second output signal, respectively. Latching the first output signal of the first converter and the second output signal of the second converter produces a fill swing single-ended output signal having the same pulse width as the input differential signal. The first output signal sets the latching device with an edge of the first output signal of the first converter and resets the latching device with an edge of the second output signal of the second converter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which narrowcasts individualized information to system users with access to a data network which carries information such as broadband video data, voice data, or other types of equivalent data such as the Worldwide Web. Connected to the data network is a push server which includes a memory which holds information related to various system users. Included in the memory are user ID, password, as well as a listing of the types of information which the system user wishes to receive. Also connected to the data network are various data sources which provide various types of information. For example, one source of information may be a report server which on a periodic basis provides report information. Another type of information may be from a alarm server which in real time provides alarms and associated relevant information. The system accesses and retrieves information from these sources. The information is converted to a common format which in turn is provided to the push server.

Abstract: A messaging system (10) includes a voice mail system (VMS) (20) in communication with a telecommunications switch (22). The VMS (20) includes a call processor (28) and a message mailbox (30). The mailbox (30) includes a message queue (32) and a pointer (34). The call processor (28) is capable of transferring a user call and generating a re-call protocol element in response by transfer request received during message playback. The telecommunications switch (22) can reconnect the transferred call after termination thereof to the call processor (28) according to the re-call protocol element. The reconnected call accesses the voice message stored at a return position indicated by the pointer. The call transfer feature can also be used with shared mailboxes.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a Raman oscillator includes at least one laser cavity and a distributed gain fiber positioned in the at least one laser cavity having a single spatial mode over a pumping wavelength to a signal wavelength. The oscillator also includes a coupler adapted to be coupled to a pumping mechanism to pump the distributed gain fiber at the pumping wavelength to obtain an optical signal wherein distributed gain is provided by Raman amplification over at least one cascade order corresponding to the pumping wavelength. A filter is positioned in the at least one laser cavity and has at least one pass band with a transmission peak placed approximately at the at least one cascade order to filter the optical signal to obtain a filtered optical signal having the signal wavelength. The filter has a substantially continuous sinusoidal filter function over at least one period of the filter function.

Abstract: Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) private network call rerouting or switching, substantially transparent to both the caller and the called party. IP private network calls (e.g., VoIP private network) are automatically switched over a Public Services Telephone Network (PSTN) such as an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) as the need arises. Alternate routing may occur because of, for example, network congestion, network outages, or detected poor Quality of Service (QoS) in the private network. Routing is over existing customer PSTN trunks and a dedicated Direct Inward Dial (DID) number, unlisted, that serves all users at a distributed system. Calls that may be switched to the PSTN (ISDN) are correlated with call associated information, such as a private calling user number, name, classmarks, Dialed Number Identification Services (DNIS), user group. VoIP calls made between users appear as intranetwork calls regardless of whether they are intranetwork calls or alternately routed.

Abstract: A system and method of reserving node resources along a desired path through a communications network that can be used to reserve resources across a fault such as an unconnected node interface or a disconnected link. The resource reservation technique is performed on a communications system including a plurality of nodes interconnected by at least one path to form a ring communications network. A communications link is identified within the path such that at least one node is disposed on a first side of the link and at least one node is disposed on a second side of the link. The identified link may have a fault. Resources are then reserved on the nodes disposed on the first side of the link by accessing the nodes over the path in a first direction around the ring network.

Abstract: An electric power generator including a fuel cell, which includes a fuel cell anode and a fuel cell cathode separated by at least one proton exchange membrane and a hydrogen generator operative to provide molecular hydrogen to the fuel cell anode. The hydrogen generator includes a catalyst and employing a water-based fuel including one of salts, bases and acids, as well as at least one of zinc, magnesium, iron and aluminum.

Abstract: The present invention provides network-layer authentication protocols for authenticating mobile client and access router to each other. The present invention uses Router Discovery as a carrier to implement the authentication protocols. In an embodiment of the present invention, a mobile client sends out a solicitation message to request connectivity service. The solicitation message contains a proof of identity of the mobile client. An access router that receives the solicitation message will not respond to it until the proof of the identity is verified. Only when the proof of identity of the mobile client is verified, will the access router respond and return an advertising message to the mobile client, thereby preventing unauthorized mobile clients from obtaining network access.

Abstract: An agent side separately maintains a template, which is a management information item list and describes an encoding method, and actual data of the management information. The agent side transmits item list and the actual data that is encoded by the encoding method described in the item list to a manager side. Accordingly, not only the agent can transmit all of the management information items required by the manger with one SNMP reply, but also the manger can securely decode the received management information.

Abstract: An information shopping cart that can be used to store selected information from a website and later use the information at a portable device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA). The website may be a directory website accessed at a personal computer. The user may select various directory listings, as well as ancillary information (driving directions, maps, advertisements, menus, coupons, etc.) for the information shopping cart. The entire shopping cart is then downloaded to the PDA. The user then takes the PDA where the user needs the information most, whether on the road, walking, or any location away from the personal computer.

Abstract: A hydrogen-fueled motor vehicle including at least one hydrogen-fueled locomotion subsystem and at least one refuelable hydrogen generator operative to supply hydrogen fuel to the hydrogen-fueled locomotion subsystem on demand. The refuelable hydrogen generator includes at least one electrochemical reactor operative to generate the hydrogen fuel from water on demand and a refueling subsystem providing at least one of water, electrolyte, hydrogen, a metal containing material and electrical power to the electrochemical reactor. A refueling method is also provided.

Abstract: An energy savings device for an inductive or resistive load, such as a fluorescent light fixture having a magnetic ballast, which is powered by an AC voltage waveform. The energy savings devices includes a setting unit for setting a desired power operating level for the load. The energy savings device also includes a microprocessor configured to receive a signal from the setting unit indicative of the desired power operating level for the load, to determine a phase delay to be provided to an output AC voltage waveform that is to be provided to the load, and to output a control signal as a result thereof. The energy savings device further includes an active element provided between a line that provides the input AC voltage waveform and the load, the active element receiving the control signal and turning off and on at predetermined times in accordance with the control signal, so as to create the output AC voltage waveform from the AC voltage waveform.

Abstract: A network router generates node state advertisements identifying network links about which the router node desires to receive link state information. The node state advertisements are flooded to other routers, each of which determines whether it lies along the shortest path between the link and the originating router. Each router that lies along the shortest path maintains an association between the link and the originating router, the association indicating that link state advertisements concerning the link are to be forwarded along the path toward the originating router. Upon a change of the state of the link, each router forwards a corresponding link state advertisement to an adjacent node along the path, whereby the originating router ultimately receives the link-state advertisement.

Abstract: Networks consist of administrative domains each including an administrative server and at least one mobility agent deployed therein. The mobility agents offer connectivity to a mobile node via Advertisement messages in a form verifiable by the mobile node. Each Advertisement message is signed by a private key of the advertising mobility agent and accompanied by a certificate that contains a public key of the advertising mobility agent and is signed by a private key of the administrative server of the advertising mobility agent. Thus, if the mobile node has the public key of the administrative server, it can authenticate the Advertisement message. If the mobile node does not have the public key, it requests the public key when it registers with the mobility agent. The public key of the administrative server is sent in a certificate signed by the private key of the administrative server ultimately responsible for authentication of the mobile node.

Abstract: A system for fast forward error correction coding and decoding is provided. The system includes a transmitting device having a data source and a forward error correction (FEC) encoder. The FEC is coupled to the data source and is adapted to encode packetized data from the data source. A channelizer is coupled to the at least one FEC encoder and is adapted to interleave the FEC encoded packetized data among a plurality of communication channels. The system also includes a receiving device adapted to receive the plurality of communication channels. The receiving device includes a dechannelizer, adapted to de-interleave the plurality of communication channels and a FEC decoder to reconstituted the packetized data.

Abstract: A method and system for simultaneously sharing wireless communications among multiple wireless handsets deployed in a wireless network having at least one cell site associated therewith includes a first and second wireless handset for transmitting a request for the same wireless communication. The wireless network then assigns a first wireless receive channel to the first wireless handset and the second wireless handset and simultaneously transmits the requested wireless communication to the first and second wireless handsets for receipt by the first wireless receive channel. If the requested wireless communication originates from a source handset, and the first and second handsets are located in direct communication proximity to the source handset, the source handset itself negotiates the common wireless receive channel for receiving the requested wireless communication.