Abstract: Conventional TiO2—SiO2 glass contains hydrogen atoms substantially, and during deposition under ultrahigh vacuum condition, the hydrogen molecules will diffuse in the chamber, and H2 molecules will be taken into a film thereby formed. Hydrogen molecules will readily diffuse, and the optical characteristics of the multilayer film are likely to be thereby changed. In an optical material for EUV lithography, a multilayer film is coated by ion beam sputtering on a silica glass having a TiO2 concentration of from 3 to 12 mass % and a hydrogen molecule content of less than 5×1017 molecules/cm3 in the glass.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a fluorocarbon film, which is capable of constantly forming a fluorocarbon film excellent in durability and functionality. The process for producing a fluorocarbon film of the present invention is a process for producing a fluorocarbon film at least a part of which is chemically bonded to a substrate surface, and is characterized by conducting, in sequence, step (a) for applying plasma to a substrate surface in a continuous or pulse manner to form active points on the substrate surface and step (b) for applying plasma to the substrate surface in a continuous or pulse manner in the presence of a gas of a fluorocompound represented by the formula CxFy and/or CxFyOz under such a condition that active species impinge on the substrate surface at a relatively lower collision energy than in step (a).

Abstract: To provide a method for forming electrodes and/or black stripes for a plasma display substrate, wherein display electrodes, bus electrodes and optionally black stripes for a plasma display panel are formed of the same material by the same dry step, whereby a clear image having reflection prevented, can be displayed on a PDP display device with a low load on the environment, at low costs, with low resistance, without erosion by a dielectric. A method for forming electrodes and/or black stripes for a plasma display substrate, which comprises applying a laser beam to a mask layer formed on a transparent substrate to form openings at areas corresponding to the respective patterns of display electrodes, bus electrodes and optionally black stripes, then continuously forming an antireflection layer to provide an antireflection effect over the entire surface and an electrode layer, and applying again a laser beam to peel off the mask layer and at the same time to remove an unnecessary thin film layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens element capable of finely adjusting focal length according to the magnitude of applied voltage, and an optical head device employing such a liquid crystal lens element, are provided. On one surface of a transparent substrate 511, a transparent electrode 513 and a concave-convex portion 517 made of a transparent material having a cross section shape approximated by a saw-tooth shape, are formed so as to constitute a plurality of annular portions, and on one surface of a transparent substrate 512, a transparent electrode 514 is formed. The transparent electrodes 513 and 514 constitute annular divided electrode segments, and division positions of the annular electrode segments are made to be agree with division positions of annular portions of the saw-tooth-shaped concave-convex portion 517 of the transparent substrate 511.

Abstract: A liquid crystal diffraction lens element and an optical head device, which can switch focal lengths of both of outgoing light and returning light by a single element, are provided. The liquid crystal lens element comprises transparent substrates 1a, 1b, a liquid crystal 4 sandwiched between the transparent substrates 1a, 1b, transparent electrodes 2a, 2b, birefringent Fresnel lens members 3a, 3b each having a Fresnel lens shape and made of a birefringent material, and a seal 5, wherein the extraordinary refractive index direction A of the birefringent Fresnel lens member 3a and the extraordinary refractive index direction B of the birefringent Fresnel lens member 3b are perpendicular to each other, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 4 at the interface between the liquid crystal 4 and the transparent substrate 1a is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 4 at the interface between the liquid crystal 4 and the transparent substrate 1b.

Abstract: A process for producing sodium hydrogencarbonate crystals, which comprise subjecting sodium hydrogencarbonate crystal powder having an average particle size of from 50 to 500 ?m based on the mass to heat treatment at a temperature of from 70 to 95° C. by a heating gas having a carbon dioxide gas concentration of at most the concentration calculated by the following formula (1): Carbon dioxide gas concentration=0.07l×e(0.1×T)×R(?0.0005×T?0.9574)??(1) (wherein T is the temperature (%) of sodium hydrogencarbonate crystals, and R is the relative humidity (%), provided that the upper limit of the carbon dioxide gas concentration is 100 vol %) with reference to the graph of FIG. 1 wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents the relative humidity and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents the carbon dioxide gas concentration, to form anhydrous sodium carbonate on the surface of the sodium hydrogencarbonate crystal particles with a content of anhydrous sodium carbonate of from 0.03 to 0.

Abstract: To provide a lecithinized superoxide dismutase (PC-SOD) composition useful as a drug material and a process for its production. The PC-SOD composition contains a PC-SOD obtained by substituting at least amino group in a specific SOD with a lecithin moiety represented by the following formula (I), wherein the PC-SOD contains a PC-SOD (A) having an m number of amino groups substituted with the lecithin moieties (wherein m is an integer of from 1 to 4 and averages from 1.5 to 2.4] as a main component, and the PC-SOD (A) consists of a PC-SOD (a1) wherein m=1, a PC-SOD (a2) wherein m=2, a PC-SOD (a3) wherein m=3 and a PC-SOD (a4) wherein m=4.

Abstract: To provide a solvent composition capable of removing soils such as dusts and oils attached to the surface of an article made of an acrylic resin or an article coated with an acrylic resin, without damaging it. An azeotrope-like solvent composition comprising from 38 to 41 mass % of (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and from 59 to 62 mass % of perfluorohexane. A mixed solvent composition comprising from 30 to 60 mass % of (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and from 40 to 70 mass % of perfluorohexane.

Abstract: In a glass optical waveguide having a core containing at least one oxide selected from the group of glass-constituting oxides consisting of Bi2O3, Sb2O3, PbO, SnO2 and TeO2, large transmission loss of light which occurs when the cross-sectional shape of the core is rectangle, is reduced. A glass optical waveguide which contains at least total 35% in mass % of at least one type of the above glass-constituting oxides, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the core is trapezoidal, among two parallel sides of the trapezoid, a long side is in a substrate side and among four sides constituting the trapezoid, angles of two oblique sides to the long side are each within a range of from 60 to 80°.

Abstract: To provide an ion exchange membrane capable of stably developing a high current efficiency in electrolysis of an aqueous alkali chloride solution containing organic substances and thereby capable of producing an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution stably with high efficiency. A fluorinated ion exchange membrane containing at least one layer of a fluoropolymer having a pendant side chain structure having a carboxylic acid group bonded to the polymer main chain by means of a connecting chain, wherein the connecting chain up to the carboxylic acid group in the pendant side chain is a continuous chain composed of from 6 to 8 atoms, and the connecting chain has a diether structure with no branched structure.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an edible vaccine which is effective for human papilloma virus (HPV) type 16 and available in large amounts inexpensively. An edible human papilloma virus vaccine obtained by culturing a transformant of an avirulent fission yeast host, wherein the transformant carries a gene encoding an antigenic protein of human papilloma virus introduced therein and accumulates the expressed antigenic protein in it.

Abstract: To provide an envelope for an image display device, a hermetic sealing material and a sealing method, with which sealing is possible at a temperature less than 400° C., sufficient strength is achieved in a high temperature environment, and characteristics will not decrease under high humidity conditions including a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere. An envelope for an image display device, having envelope-constituting members including an image display portion made of glass, sealed with a hermetic sealing material layer, wherein the hermetic sealing material layer includes an organic hermetic sealing material layer obtained by firing an organic hermetic sealing material preferably including a primer layer, a fired body of the organic hermetic sealing material has a viscosity of at least 105 Pa·s within a range of from 200 to 350° C., and preferably the flexural strength after the fired body is left at rest in a constant temperature and constant humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 80° C.

Abstract: To provide an electrolyte polymer for fuel cells, an electrolyte membrane, a membrane/electrode assembly for fuel cells excellent in the durability. An electrolyte polymer for fuel cells made of a perfluorocarbon polymer having ion exchange groups (which may contain etheric oxygen atoms), characterized in that the value calculated by dividing an absorption area SCH derived mainly from a C—H bond in the range of from 3,100 cm?1 to 2,800 cm?1 by an absorption area SCF derived mainly from a C—F bond in the range of from 2,700 cm?1 to 2,000 cm?1, as measured by means of infrared spectrophotometry, is less than 0.005, an electrolyte membrane and a membrane/electrode assembly.

Abstract: A plate material packing box capable of preventing dirt from entering thereinto, easily storable in a storage room with a low ceiling by reducing the height dimension during transportation, and capable of transporting plate materials efficiently and constantly; a plate material transporting method using such a plate material packing box; and a plate material loading or unloading method.

Abstract: To provide a window glass for vehicles, which is obtained by fixing a conductor formed on the glass plate, and an electronic material, by means of a lead-free solder, thereby to secure sufficient adhesive strength and glass strength. A window glass for vehicles, which comprises a glass plate, a conductor formed on the glass plate, and an electronic component electrically connected to the conductor by means of a solder, wherein the solder comprises a buffer component and a conductive component containing no lead, and the proportion of the volume of the conductive component based on the volume of the entire solder is from 58 to 93%, or the proportion of the specific gravity of the entire solder based on the specific gravity of the conductive component is from 70 to 93%.

Abstract: An elastic fluorocopolymer comprises repeating units (1) based on a fluoromonomer such as tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride or CF2?CF—O—Rf (wherein Rf is a C1-8 saturated perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoro(alkoxyalkyl) group) and repeating units (m) based on the formula CR1R2?CR3COOCH?CH2 (wherein each of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C1-10 alkoxyalkyl group containing an etheric oxygen atom, and R3 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a methyl group) in a molar ratio of (m)/((1)=0.0001 to 0.1. Further, an elastic fluorocopolymer composition comprises (A) the above elastic fluorocopolymer, (B) an unsaturated multifunctional compound and (C) a bivalent metal oxide and/or hydroxide. The elastic fluorocopolymer and the elastic fluorocopolymer composition are excellent in the crosslinkability and can provide a crosslinked rubber thereof excellent in crosslinked rubber properties.

Abstract: A layered polarized diffractive filter capable of changing the wavelength of light to be transmitted or diffraction-shielded is provided. A polarized diffractive filter is capable of receiving light having at least two different peak wavelengths so as to shield light having at least one of the peak wavelengths by diffraction and to transmit light having the other peak wavelengths. The polarized diffractive filter comprises transparent substrates 11, 13 on which cyclic concave/convex portions 12 are formed as a diffractive grating and the concave/convex portions 12 are filled with a liquid crystal material as an optical member, thereby constituting a diffractive filter. The layered polarized diffractive filter comprises two polarized diffractive filters layered so that longitudinal directions of the diffractive grating of the polarized diffractive filters intersect orthogonally each other.

Abstract: A production method for laminated glass capable of performing a firing step for a fired substance and a bend-forming step to an inner sheet and an outer sheet in the same forming furnace when laminated glass having a fired substance between an inner sheet and an outer sheet is produced, whereby the inner sheet and the outer sheet overlap each other with high accuracy and a production device thereof, are provided. A production method for laminated glass having a fired substance between an inner sheet 2 and an outer sheet 3 wherein a firing step for firing a fired substance in a state that the inner sheet 2 and the outer sheet 3 are kept away and a bend-forming step in a state that the inner sheet 2 and the outer sheet 3 overlap each other, is carried out in the same forming furnace.

Abstract: To provide a single-sealed multi-layer transparent unit, particularly a double-glazing unit, excellent in shape retention and water vapor permeation resistance.

Abstract: To present a lubricant solution for magnetic recording media, which comprises a lubricant excellent in chemical stability and capable of imparting excellent lubricity, and a solvent having a suitable dissolving power for the lubricant and being excellent in drying properties and not influential over the ozone layer. A lubricant solution comprising a lubricant and a fluorinated alkyl ether. For example, as the lubricant, a compound of the formula (HO—CH2—CF2(OCF2CF2)dO—)3Y wherein Y is a trivalent perfluorohydrocarbon group, is used, and as the fluorinated alkyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether is used.