Abstract: A contact pin is operationally connected through racks and pinions to a movable mating contact arrangement in such a way that it executes a movement counter thereto. Through two spokes through which the racks are guided, it bears a contact ring which surrounds it coaxially at a distance and preferably has a radius which is four to eight times as large. In a groove on its outer side, the contact ring bears a circumferential spiral contact which forms with the inner side of a contact tube, which finishes in a fixed nominal-current contact, a sliding contact arrangement having good current transfer in conjunction with a short length.

Abstract: A method for control of the movement of the movement of an industrial robot along a given track (P1-P4) with a desired track speed (v), which industrial robot has a number of movement axes and for each axis servo equipment for control of the axis movement in accordance with reference values ({overscore (&tgr;)}korr) supplied thereto. First, those axis angles ({overscore (&phgr;)}i) which are needed for assuming the next position on the track are calculated. In dependence on the calculated axis angles and a first mathematical model, which describes the static and dynamic properties of the robot, for each one of the movement axes that torque ({overscore (&tgr;)}=(&tgr;1, &tgr;2 . . . &tgr;6)) is calculated which is required for assuming the next position. The load (t) is calculated at one or more mechanically critical points for the calculated axis angles ({overscore (&phgr;)}i) with the aid of a second mathematical model, which describes the load of the robot at the critical points.

Abstract: A drum-type heat-recovery boiler (2) forms, together with the feedwater tank/deaerator (6) and condenser/hot well (4), the steam system of a combined-cycle power station. This steam system has a plurality of containers (10, 16, 22, 6, 4) working at different pressure stages. Some of the containers are formed by steam drums (10, 16, 22). The container of the lowest pressure stage is the condenser/hot well (4). The high-pressure steam drum (10) is connected directly to the intermediate-pressure steam drum (16) via a water line (25) and a steam line (39). The intermediate-pressure steam drum (16) is connected directly to the low-pressure steam drum (22) via a water line (27) and a steam line (41), and the low-pressure steam drum (22) is connected directly to the feedwater tank/deaerator (6) via a water line (29) and a steam line (43).

Abstract: A method and a device for the isothermal compression of a compressible medium preferably air, for the operation of a turbomachine which is intended to generate energy and in which a pressurized liquid, preferably water, is atomized by means of an atomization device and, together with the air, forms a liquid-air mixture which, in order to be compressed, is introduced into a nozzle arrangement in which most of the kinetic energy of the liquid-air mixture is converted into compression energy as a result of an increase in the pressure of the air. The liquid-air mixture is introduced into the nozzle arrangement at a velocity which is greater than the speed of sound, and the atomization is carried out in such a manner that liquid droplets are formed within the liquid-air mixture, the diameters of which droplets are approximately 200 &mgr;m or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic lining for combustion chambers (8) consisting of several juxtaposed elements (1) that are attached by means of a retention bolt (3) to the inside of a thermally highly stressed metallic support wall (4), whereby at least one insulation body (5) is arranged between the metallic support wall (4) and the ceramic elements (1). It is characterized in that the ceramic elements (1) essentially have the shape of a straight, regular pyramid whose base (2) has n corners, preferably three corners, and faces the combustion chamber (8), and into whose tip the retention bolt (3) is integrated.

Abstract: In a method of operating a power station plant which essentially comprises a gas-turbine group and a steam circuit arranged downstream, a portion of the condensate collecting from this steam circuit is directed to an intercooler, which belongs to the compressor of the gas-turbine group and in which the condensate is heated up to form hot water. This hot water is then introduced directly or via a further heating-up means into the gas-turbine group at a suitable point.

Abstract: Turbomachine, in particular a compressor of a gas turbine, having rotor blades (11) and guide vanes (12), in which individual or all guide vanes (12) are configured as cooled vanes. The cooled vanes (12) have air guidance ducts (13) which emerge into outlet openings (14) in the region of the vane tips (15). Cooling air (K) is ejected through the outlet openings (14) and impinges at high velocity onto a rotor shaft (18). The cooling effect which can be achieved by this means is optimal and, in addition, leads to a raising of the compressor efficiency and the surge line.

Abstract: This invention is related to a device and a method in an electric power plant for protection of an object (1) against over-currents from a network (3) or another equipment included in the high voltage plant, the device comprising a switching device (4) in a line (2) between the object and the network/equipment. The line (2) between the object and the network/equipment is connected to an arrangement (5) reducing over-currents towards the object (1), said arrangement (5) being actuatable for over-current reduction with the assistance of an over-current condition detecting arrangement (11-13) within a time period substantially less than the break-time of the switching device (4).

Abstract: A switch comprises at least a first layer of a first material and two contact electrodes arranged on opposite sides of the first layer and connectable to different potentials for applying a voltage thereacross. A first layer is adapted to be conducting upon applying a voltage across the contact electrodes when exposed to irradiation through an irradiation source of an energy high enough for lifting charge carriers from the valence band to the conduction band of the first material. The contact electrode arranged on the first side of the first layer is laterally displaced with respect to the contact electrode arranged on the opposite second side of the layer with a lateral distance separating them.

Abstract: In a method for regulating the power of a turbo set (10) converting thermal power into electric power, said turbo set (10) comprising, on a common shaft (17), a turbine (11) driven by the thermal power and a generator (16) driven by the turbine (11) and delivering electric power (PG) to a network (18), the electric power (PG) delivered by the generator (16) is determined and the thermal power (PT) for the turbine (11) is regulated as a function of the measured electric power (PG). Destabilization of the network and overloading of the turbo set (10) are avoided by additionally determining the kinetic power (Pkin) consumed or delivered by the shaft (17) and by regulating the thermal power (PT) in accordance with the sum of the electric power (PG) and kinetic power (Pkin).

Abstract: To cool a grate having alternately fixed and movable rows (1, 1′) of grate bars (2), cooling liquid is sprayed into cavities (7), open at the bottom, of the grate bars (2) from spray tubes (10) situated in the underblast region (8) and in the process vaporizes essentially completely, so that the heat of vaporization is extracted from the grate bars (2). The angle sector (12) into which the cooling liquid is sprayed may be set in such a way that in each case only those sections of the grate bars (2) whose top sides form the free surface of the grate are sprayed. The cavities may also be closed except for a discharge opening leading into the underblast region and may be connected to a supply reservoir, in which the liquid is kept at a constant level, which is just below the discharge openings.

Abstract: A method of controlling the drive of the electric pretensioning unit of rotary printing machines having individually driven rotary printing cylinders and folders is specified, so that, in the event of changes being made to the paper grade or to the production sequence without the machine being stopped, only slight web tension changes occur, and the operating limits with regard to web tension are reliably maintained. This method is equally well suited to rotary printing machines having individually driven printing units or printing bridges and folders and to conventional printing machines that are driven by mechanical shafts via couplings.

Abstract: In a method for monitoring the supply system (10) of a gas turbine having a multiburner system, said supply system (10) comprising at least one distribution system (15, 24), via which a pressurized medium required for operating the multiburner system is distributed to a plurality of individual burners (12, . . . , 14) opening into a combustion chamber, reliable detection and analysis of faults is achieved in that, while the gas turbine is operating, the pressure loss in the at least one distribution system (15, 24) is measured continuously, in that the measured pressure loss is compared with a desired value characteristic of the respective operating state of the gas turbine, and in that a communication is issued when the measured pressure loss deviates from the associated desired value by a predetermined value.

Abstract: A self-healing power capacitor has (a) at least one capacitor unit, each capacitor unit has at least one winding, the windings of each capacitor unit are provided with a first and a second connection electrode and surrounded by an encapsulation material and housed in a first casing (b) at least one protection element for each capacitor winding, the protection element has a membrane provided for activating, upon a pressure exerted on the membrane by a gas produced by a short-circuit within the windings, a current interruption element, the protection element is mounted in a second casing, which is mounted inside the first casing, the second casing has one side formed by the membrane and is separated by a narrow gap from an end-face of the windings.

Abstract: In a power switch, power-switch fingers of a rated-current switching arrangement, as well as contact fingers (25) of a tulip contact and a switching pin (14) of an arcing switch arrangement, or other parts, each comprise a base body (26, 28) which, at sections which are subjected to high thermal loads by the arc formation, bears a protective layer (27, 29) which is resistant to contact erosion and has been applied to the base body (27, 28) by plasma spraying in vacuum. This enables even complex and flexible parts to be made resistant to contact erosion. The protective layer (27, 29) which is preferably used is a mixture of at least 10% (by weight), in particular at least 50% (by weight) of high-melting metal, such as W, Mo, Ir, and lower-melting metal, such as Cu, Ag, Ti, Fe, e.g. 80% (by weight) W and 20% (by weight) Cu, while the base body used is preferably made from Cu, Ag. Fe, steel, Al or a flexible copper alloy, such as CuBe, CuCr or CuCrZr.

Abstract: In a gas-cooled electrical machine, the conductor bars (3, 4) in the winding overhang are cooled directly by a flow element of the cooling gas flow which is passed through cooling channels (8) located within the eyes (5a, 5b) of the bar ends. To this end, the bar levels of the winding bars, which are designed as a two-level bar, are spaced apart from one another in the eye region, and thus form a radial cooling channel (8). These radial cooling channels (8) are coupled to the discharge eyes (5b) by pipe connections (10) which are connected electrically, and in terms of the flow, to round connections (20). The cooling channels (9) in the round connections (20) are connected by insulating tubes (31) or insulating hoses to an induction area (32) of the machine fan, which is separated from the winding overhang area (30) by a bulkhead wall (33).

Abstract: A burner arrangement (20) for a gas turbine comprises an interior space (22) enclosed by a casing (23), in which interior space (22) at least one burner (21) is arranged, and into which interior space (22) in each case a jet (26, 27) of a gaseous medium, in particular air, is sprayed through at least two nozzle openings (24, 25) against the direction of flow of the burner (21) and along the inner wall (23a) of the casing (23) which jets (26, 27), guided by the inner wall (23a), meet one another from opposite directions and combine to form a secondary flow (28) flowing off perpendicularly from the inner wall (23a). In such a burner arrangement, the flow is stabilized and evened out by virtue of the fact that, to establish the impingement point of the jets (26, 27), a dividing plate (29) arranged in the flow path of the jets (26, 27) and disposed essentially perpendicularly to the inner wall (23a) is provided.

Abstract: A flow duct for the passage of a two-phase flow which has a liquid and a gaseous phase is described, comprising an inner wall completely enclosing the two-phase flow radially to the direction of flow. The invention is distinguished by the fact that raised contours are provided on the inner wall of the flow duct, and these raised contours are attached to the inner wall essentially perpendicularly to the direction of flow and are at a distance from one another in the direction of flow.

Abstract: An equipment for calibration of an industrial robot which has a plurality of axes of rotation and wherein, the equipment comprises a measuring device is adapted for rotatable connection to a reference point the position of which is known, is adapted to be in contact with the robot, or a tool carried by the robot, during the calibration process, and has an axis of rotation which intersects the reference point when the measuring device is connected to the reference point. The measuring device further comprises a gravity sensor which is so mounted so that the axis of the gravity sensor is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the measuring device, whereby the gravity sensor measures the angle between the gravity vector and axis of rotation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a steam turbine, in particular a high-pressure turbine, which is enclosed by an inner casing, split into a top part and a bottom part, and an outer casing. The steam turbine, for the purpose of bleeding, has a bleed slot, which leads form the blade duct of the steam turbine through the inner casing. According to the invention, the inner casing has a shrink ring, which on the one hand holds together the bottom part and the top part of the inner casing and on the other hand forms an annular space above the bleed slot for the purpose of collecting bleed steam and passing it into a pipe connection. The shrink ring has a cavity in its center and flat sides being adapted to the outer surface of the inner casing. The cavity of the shrink ring, together with the outer surface of the inner casing, forms the enclosed, tight annular space. the shrink ring is distinguished by the few components and a short production and assembly time.