Abstract: An arrangement for force-free retention of a bearing system having an axis of rotation comprises a cylindrical hollow axle for concentrically receiving and holding the bearing system. By means of a hold-down and release mechanism a bearing shell can be fastened to the hollow axle in such a manner that when the bearing system is not acted upon by a load, all lateral and axial forces applied to the arrangement can be transmitted via the cylindrical hollow axle into axle receiving devices.

Abstract: The invention includes a process for one's own global navigation satellite system and at least one other global navigation satellite system including the following: Receiving ranging signals and navigation messages or ranging signals only from the at least one other global navigation satellite system, and processing the received ranging signals and navigation messages in a similar way as the ranging signals and navigation messages of the owned global navigation satellite system.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for a regional or global navigation satellite system that includes an arrangement for receiving additional data or navigation messages from the navigation satellite system, and an arrangement for informing or alarming the user that critical atmospheric conditions occur, whereby the additional data or the navigation messages include atmospheric information.

Abstract: An arrangement and method for illumination of solar cells. The arrangement includes at least one mirror with at least one predetermined surface geometry and at least one solar cell. The at least one predetermined surface geometry is structured and arranged to distribute primary radiation striking the at least one mirror in one of a targeted manner and homogenously on the at least one solar cell.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for lossless data compression including the step of generating characteristic tables for predicted intensities as a function of radius values f(i,j)) on at least one type of preferred axes. Intensity signals of a detector matrix (I(i,j)) are used to implement the invention.

Abstract: An apochromatic lens with an aperture and exclusively refractive optical elements, comprising a plurality of lenses arranged in lens groups along an optical axis, wherein lenses of different materials are provided and wherein the lenses respectively comprise one of the following listed materials: calcium fluoride (CaF2), synthetic quartz (SiO2) or another radiation-resistant optical material.

Abstract: A process for optimizing the operation of an active lateral-view sensor when the height above the surface to be detected is variable, includes the following steps: i) continuously determining the height of the lateral-view sensor above the surface to be detected, and ii) adjusting the scanning beams emitted by the lateral-view sensor for scanning the surface to be detected by roll rotation as a function of the determined height of the lateral-view sensor such that variation of the surface to be detected is reduced during the orbit of the lateral-view sensor.

Abstract: Apparatus, satellite, and method for illumination of at least one solar cell. Apparatus includes at least one solar cell and at least one optical device structured and arranged for an indirect frequency-selective illumination of the at least one solar cell. The at least one optical device reflects spectral components relevant for energy conversion onto the solar cells and guides the spectral components not relevant for energy conversion away from the solar cells.

Abstract: A gas supply and extraction device is arranged preferably on a tank lid or a tank wall in a tank for storing a pressurized driving gas and a liquid such as fuel or oxidizer for operation of a spacecraft. A device housing defines an interior reservoir space. Upper trumpet-shaped passage bodies and a lower trumpet-shaped passage body communicate from the interior reservoir space into the interior space of the tank. By capillary effects, baffle plates, deflector plates, capillary plates, a separation chamber and other components separate liquid from gas entering the device, so that the gas can be extracted while the liquid is stored in the reservoir space of the device until it is drained back into the tank during an accelerated operation phase of the spacecraft.

Abstract: A process for optimizing status notifications in the navigation satellite system includes the following steps: the determination of information concerning a communication network of the navigation satellite system; and the transmission of the determined information as a status notification in at least one navigation message.

Abstract: A process for improving continuity in a two-frequency navigation satellite system includes steps of i) observing the ionosphere by measurements in the two or more frequency bands; and ii) transmitting an alert message which informs user systems of a change of the ionosphere when at least one measurement indicates a change of the ionosphere that deviates from one or more predefined conditions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless transmission of electrically complex or phase-critical signals includes a device for measuring the length of a transmission route to a moving platform, and a device for transmitting complex measuring or reference signals. According to the invention, components of the device for transmitting the signals are arranged adjacent components of the device for measuring the length of the transmission route, so that changes of the length of the transmission route are the same for both devices.

Abstract: In a vehicle, a vehicle system is provided that includes a position determination module for determining the position of the vehicle using an estimation of the error of satellite signals which are received by an earth-based receiver system, and an integrity module for determining an integrity risk for the position data for a vehicle, the risk being derived using time determinations performed by a satellite navigation system. When a threshold value for the integrity risk for the position data is exceeded, the vehicle system generates a warning signal which, by means of modules that are connected to the vehicle system, is designed to prevent the use of the position data for the vehicle. The integrity risk is determined using an estimated value for the error in the received satellite signal, and the receiver system functionally interacts with a plurality of satellites to determine and transmit data to a vehicle system containing a position determination module for determining the position of the vehicle.

Abstract: Method for the computer-assisted determination of an optimum-fuel control of nozzles according to a control instruction b=Ax. A defined matrix transformation of starting constraints for the mass flow of the nozzles and of the minimization criterion thereby takes place in a computer-assisted manner, a data processing representation of a geometric description of the matrix-transformed starting constraints, a computer-assisted determination of limiting point sets of the geometric description of the starting constraints through a computer-assisted geometric search procedure in the vector space and the application of the matrix-transformed minimization criterion to the points of the limiting point sets.

Abstract: In a method for relative time and position determinations for moving objects of a constellation, signals by the objects are isochronously transmitted, with each object transmitting a unique signal for that object. The received signals of each object of the constellation are transmitted to all other objects of the constellation after a predetermined waiting time.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing harmful gas components out of the earth's atmosphere is a free-flying autonomous lightweight aircraft with an onboard gas processing system including gas separation or extraction devices, and inlets and outlets connected to the devices. Solar cells and/or thermoelectric generators provided on the craft produce electrical energy to operate the individual devices. The system may include a cryogenic closed-loop circulation system that participates in liquefying the extracted gas components. The apparatus is preferably a lighter-than-air craft like a dirigible. A method of extracting harmful gas components from the atmosphere involves flying the apparatus at a prescribed altitude level and operating the gas processing system to remove the harmful gas component from the atmosphere, then returning the apparatus to earth to offload the liquefied stored harmful gas component.

Abstract: A device for improving resolution capability of an x-ray optical apparatus for an x-ray incident from a direction of incidence includes a mirror element including a mirror edge formed as a cylindrical shell section around an edge axis. The mirror element is spaced apart, in a radial direction, from a focal axis that is parallel to the direction of incidence. The edge axis is oriented at a first non-zero angle relative to the focal axis when viewed along a radial axis. The edge axis is oriented at a second non-zero angle relative to the focal axis.

Abstract: A satellite system for providing a navigation service includes a ground segment and a user segment. The ground segment provides information to enable the user segment to autonomously determine the user position performance.

Abstract: A device and method for orbit prediction of satellites are provided. An accelerometer measures non-gravity forces acting on a satellite. A processor receives measured non-gravity forces from the accelerometer, estimates the contributions of the measured non-gravity forces to the movement of the satellite, and predicts the orbit of the satellite based on the estimated contributions of the non-gravity forces to the movement of the satellite.

Abstract: A mirror module for fastening to a structural element, comprises a mirror arrangement that includes at least one mirror stack and a first receiving device for holding the mirror arrangement. Each of the at least one mirror stack comprises at least one individual mirror made of a first material. The first receiving device is made of a second material which has a coefficient of thermal expansion adapted to the first material. For fastening the mirror module to the structural element, a second receiving device made of Invar is provided which holds the first receiving device of the mirror module.