Abstract: In a method and apparatus for detecting optical spectra, two or more partial beams are generated from an incident beam, each of said partial beams being assigned to a different spectral region. The partial beams travel through a spectrometer lens system and are detected in a spatially separated manner. For this purposes, the partial beams generated from the incident beam are directed to respective spatially separated diffraction gratings that are virtually superimposed in the beam path, and are assigned to different spectral regions. After passing through the diffraction gratings, the spectrally separated partial beams are combined to a joint beam path traveling through the spectrometer lens system. Preferably, the partial beams comprising the different spectral regions can be spectrally separated after passing through the spectrometer lens system and can be detected in spatially separated detectors assigned to the different spectral regions.

Abstract: A method and device for a global information and early warning system, based on satellite navigation systems and user terminals, comprising the following steps and/or devices for carrying out this step: transmitting at least one warning message about one or more hazard area(s) by way of a satellite navigation system to user terminals in at least one information coverage area; receiving at least one warning message by means of a user terminal in the at least one information coverage area; and checking the warning message by means of the user terminal whether the user terminal is affected by the warning message.

Abstract: A method for providing and transmitting data in a data transmission system by transmitting several data blocks from a data-transmitting device to terminals. Before transmission of the data to the terminals an interleaving process of at least two data blocks is conducted. For the purpose of interleaving for each data unit of the data blocks, a transmission time is established with the help of an algorithm in such a way that for the transmission of k time critical data blocks with k=2, 3, 4, . . . and for one non-time critical data block, the transmission times of the data units of each time critical data block are respectively set at a fraction 1/k of the transmission time of the non-critical data block.

Abstract: In a method for providing integrity information for users of a global navigation system, which comprises several space vehicles like satellites transmitting information to a device for position detection, the transmitted information comprises first information from the global navigation system about the accuracy of a signal in space error SISE of a faulty space vehicle, and second information whether or not the global navigation system assesses the faulty space vehicle as faulty. The invention is based on the assumption how exact a fault can be detected, so that performance the global navigation system can be increased; and no unfounded assumption is used which improves the quality of service.

Abstract: A high-frequency measuring enclosure for measuring large test objects is formed by an air-supported membrane or textile construction of a spherical or ellipsoidal contour, which is substantially pervious to electromagnetic radiation. For absorption of residual electromagnetic radiation that may be reflected by the interior of the surface, the floor is covered with absorber material.

Abstract: A converter includes a converter for an ion propulsion system is provided. The converter includes a bridge circuit with a first and second bridge circuit connection and four switches. The converter also includes a storage inductance and a high voltage transformer with a primary and a secondary winding. The converter further includes a switch control unit, which opens or closes the fourth switch at a control time delayed in relation to the first switch.

Abstract: Device for damping oscillations of a combustion chamber that includes at least one resonator connected to a pre-chamber in a vibration-damping manner. The pre-chamber is connected to a combustion chamber in a vibration-damping manner via at least one passage channel. This abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A device for automatically controlling the speed of a vehicle comprises a positioning sensor, which is designed to emit a position signal with the current position of the vehicle, a navigation database, in which the positions of the city limits are stored, and a speed control unit, to which the position signal is fed. The speed control unit is configured such that it determines, as a function of the position signal, the distance of the vehicle from the nearest city limits or a region with a speed limit in the direction of travel of the vehicle, based on data of the navigation database. It then generates, as a function of the determined distance, a speed setting signal, which reduces the current speed of the vehicle in such a manner that a predefined speed of the vehicle is reached no later than at the nearest city limits or the region with a speed limit.

Abstract: Method for the computer-assisted determination of an optimum-fuel control of nozzles according to a control instruction b=Ax. A defined matrix transformation of starting constraints for the mass flow of the nozzles and of the minimization criterion thereby takes place in a computer-assisted manner, a data processing representation of a geometric description of the matrix-transformed starting constraints, a computer-assisted determination of limiting point sets of the geometric description of the starting constraints through a computer-assisted geometric search procedure in the vector space and the application of the matrix-transformed minimization criterion to the points of the limiting point sets.

Abstract: A system for determining the position and orientation of a flying object such as a missile includes a ground segment having at least one pseudolite station located on the earth's surface which transmits into space a navigation signal that uniquely identifies the pseudolite station, and a user segment having at least one sensor which is situated in the missile and is designed to receive the navigation signal from the at least one pseudolite station and to determine its absolute position and orientation in space on the basis of the received navigation signal.

Abstract: An injection head for the combustion chamber of a rock propulsion unit has a base area with a plurality of injection elements distributed on it. Propellant constituents can be injected from each outlet of the injection elements into the combustion chamber, generating hot gases by a mixing and combustion of the propellant constituents in the combustion chamber, which hot gas can be accelerated to a high velocity for generating thrust. The base area of the injection head had a contoured shape which prevents or reduces the formation of zones of a reduced pressure, particularly between directly adjacent outlets.

Abstract: The present invention describes a device for improving the resolution capability of an x-ray optical apparatus for an x-ray (24) incident from a direction of incidence, which device comprises a mirror element (52, 54) with a mirror edge (52), the mirror edge (52) being formed around an edge axis (58) by a cylindrical shell section, the mirror element (52, 54) being arranged spaced apart in a radial direction (42) with respect to a focal axis (25) parallel to the direction of incidence by a focal point of the x-ray optical apparatus, and the mirror element (52, 54) being furthermore arranged rotated about an axis extending in the radial direction (42) with respect to the direction of incidence such that the edge axis (58) is tilted with respect to the direction of incidence.

Abstract: In a system for characterizing a satellite clock in a satellite, the satellite has a transmitting device configured to emit a transmission signal at a transmission frequency as a function of a state of the satellite clock. The system includes a receiver clock which has a higher precision than the satellite clock. In addition, a receiving device is configured to receive the transmission signal and to determine a received signal therefrom, as well as a received signal frequency and/or phase, using the receiver clock. Finally, an evaluation device is provided which is configured to determine a frequency offset, drift, and/or an Allan deviation of the transmission frequency from the received signal frequency and/or the received signal phase. The evaluation device determines the stability of the operation of the satellite clock or the validity of the time indication of the satellite clock from the determined frequency offset, frequency drift, and/or the Allan deviation, to thereby characterize the satellite clock.

Abstract: An ignition anode for an ignition device of a reignitable rocket combustion chamber. The anode includes an ignition anode body having an ignition anode frontal area. The ignition anode frontal area has a plurality of edges. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A process, a satellite navigation system and a user terminal for furnishing and transmitting navigation data in a navigation system by transmitting several navigation data blocks from a navigation data transmission unit to navigation terminals. Before transmitting the navigation data to the navigation device, an interleaving of at least two navigation data blocks takes place.

Abstract: In a method for adjusting the integrity alert threshold in a satellite navigation system, an alert message for a satellite is sent when an estimated signal error of the satellite signal emitted by the satellite is greater than a defined integrity alert threshold. According to the invention one or more parameters in a data stream emitted by the satellite are varied, and the integrity alert threshold is adjusted based on the changed parameters.

Abstract: In a method for interferometric radar measurement, at least two side looking RADAR systems on satellite and/or missile-supported platforms illuminate a common surface area by means of microwave signals. A first side looking RADAR system sends a first radar signal on a first transmit frequency, and at least a second side looking RADAR system sends at least a second radar signal on at least a second transmit frequency. At least one of the at least two side looking RADAR systems receives the at least two interfering radar signals reflected on the common surface area, determines difference phases of the received radar signals from the interferograms, determines therefrom a drift of a system clock of the at least two side looking RADAR systems, and compensates the determined drift.

Abstract: A screw prestressing device having a piston and a draw pin structured and arranged to be disconnectably coupled to an element and movable, via the piston, to apply a defined prestressing force in the element.

Abstract: A satellite system for providing a navigation service includes a ground segment and a user segment. The ground segment provides information to enable the user segment to autonomously determine the user position performance.

Abstract: In a method for relative time and position determinations for moving objects of a constellation, signals by the objects are isochronously transmitted, with each object transmitting a unique signal for that object. The received signals of each object of the constellation are transmitted to all other objects of the constellation after a predetermined waiting time.