Abstract: In order to remove olefinic impurities present in a hydrofluorocarbon such as pentafluoroethane (R-125), the impure hydrofluorocarbon is treated with oxygen in the absence of catalyst or of active charcoal.The process is well suited to the purification of fluoroethanes and, more particularly, to that of pentafluoroethane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a breathing film constituting a mixture including:(a) at least one thermoplastic elastomer which has polyether blocks;(b) at least one copolymer including ethylene and at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate.They can be used in combination with fabrics or with nonwovens.

Abstract: The process for the purification of an alkanesulphonyl chloride (ASC) in order to reduce the sulphate content thereof consists in washing the alkanesulphonyl chloride with water or with an aqueous solution of an acid having a pH of between -0.57 and 7 and then in separating the alkanesulphonyl chloride thus purified from the aqueous phase.This purified ASC leads, by total hydrolysis, to alkanesulphonic acid with a low content of sulphuric acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolymers of molecular mass of between 5,000 and 300,000, consisting of a hydrophilic central portion, for example a polyacrylamide chain, and of hydrophobic ends the hydrophobicity of which is comparable with that of alkyl groups containing 4-20 carbons. They are produced by polymerization of hydrophilic monomers with the aid of initiators, for example of azo type, the hydrophobic residues of which will constitute the hydrophobic ends of the final copolymer.These copolymers are useful for rheological control of aqueous and/or pigmented compositions, like paints.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluoro copolymers containing hydroxyl groups and amino groups in salified or quaternized form.With such a copolymer and a polyisocyanate, an aqueous composition which is useful for the oleophobic and hydrophobic treatment of building materials may be prepared.

Abstract: This fluorinated (meth)acrylic latex consists of a dispersion of particles or of a mixture of dispersions of particles, these dispersions being obtained by emulsion polymerization in an aqueous medium, in at least one stage, wherein one more perfluorinated monomer(s) of formula (I) has/have been used as sole fluorinated comonomer(s) for the formation of the particles, and which is/are distributed statistically in particles formed in one stage or distributed statistically in the shell of structured particles of the core-shell or core-intermediate layer(s)-shell type resulting from a polymerization in two stages and in more than two stages, respectively, the said latex consisting of a dispersion of the said structured particles or of a mixture of at least one dispersion of the said fluorinated structured particles and/or at least one dispersion of the said fluorinated statistical particles and at least one dispersion of unfluorinated statistical particles, the monomer or monomers of formula (I) representing les

Abstract: This invention provides an adhesion binder for binding fluorinated polymers, for example PVDF, with incompatible polymers such as polyamides. The binder is a polymer A which has glutarimide, acid, anhydric and acrylate units, and is useful for the production of fuel hoses. When mixed with a fluorinated polymer such as PVDF, copolymer A acts both as a binder and as a barrier.

Abstract: The inventors disclose a process for producing semi-bright to bright electrogalvanic coatings at high current densities, comprising electroplating a cathodic conductive substrate in a coating bath based on:a) a zinc sulfur-acid salt;b) a low molecular weight polyoxyalkylene glycol based on 2 to about 4 carbon atom alkylene oxides;c) an aromatic sulfonate; andd) a conductivity enhancing salt.The process includes maintaining the coating composition at a pH from about 2 to about 5 and the current density on the substrate at from about 1,000 to about 3,700 ASF. The zinc sulfur-acid salt includes zinc sulfate or a zinc organosulfonate, and the conductivity enhancing salt, a potassium salt. In one embodiment, the aromatic sulfonate comprises a condensation product of an aromatic sulfonate and formaldehyde. The inventors also describes coating bath compositions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of alkyl halodifluoroacetates comprises reacting a 1,1-difluorotetrahaloethane with an alcohol, e.g., ethanol or isopropanol, in the presence of oxygen and a chemical free-radical initiator, e.g., an azo compound.

Abstract: Natural or synthetic wax dissolved in the continuous organic phase of an water-in-oil emulsion retards evaporation of water from a dispersed aqueous phase. An in situ prepared equilibrium mixture of benzyl alcohol, formic acid and benzyl formate emulsified with oleic hydroxyethyl imidazoline or similar oil soluble emulsifying agent is thickened with hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and contains 0.1 to 1.0% by weight paraffin wax with a melting point of 47.degree. to 65.degree. C. Wax dissolved in the organic phase retards evaporation of water, and formic acid or ammonia which are very volatile in comparison with benzyl alcohol forming the major component of the organic phase. A petroleum distillate is used to pre-wet a hydroxypropyl cellulose thickener and dissolve the wax.

Abstract: The invention relates to an impact additive of the core/shell type for thermoplastic polymers.This impact additive comprises a crosslinked elastomeric core based on n-alkyl acrylate and a shell made of poly(alkyl methacrylate) grafted onto the said core.

Abstract: Active Rhodium catalyst and impurities are separated from a hydroformylation process stream containing both active and inactive organo-rhodium catalyst by binding active catalyst and impurities to an acidic ion exchange resin containing an acidic group. The purified hydroformylation stream can be returned to the hydroformylation reactor. All or a portion of inactive rhodium can be reactivated before recycling purified hydroformylation process stream to the reactor. During regeneration of the resin, a neutral solvent is used first to remove impurities which are discarded, then an acidic solvent is used to remove active organic rhodium catalyst from the resin. Such active catalyst can be rehydrided and returned to the hydroformylation reactor. An ion exchange resin having at least one acid group disposed on a silica backbone and an active organo-rhodium complex from a hydroformylation process stream bound to the resin can be produced.

Abstract: Esters of formula:HS--X--COORin which X denotes a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical and R a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl radical, are prepared by reaction of a hydrosulphide with the corresponding halocarboxylic ester:Y--X--COORwhere Y denotes a chlorine or bromine atom. The reaction is performed under a hydrogen sulphide pressure of at least 10 bars absolute, and preferably in an anhydrous or substantially anhydrous alcoholic medium.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a polystannoxane catalyst, a curable composition containing the catalyst and a method of using the catalyst and curing the composition. The curable composition comprises:(i) a blocked isocyanate;(ii) a functional component containing reactive hydrogen;(iii) a polystannoxane catalyst for promoting the reaction of the blocked isocyanate with the functional component.A co-catalyst may also be employed based on Cu, Zn, Ni, Zr, Ce, Fe, Co, V, Sb and Bi and especially oxides, salts or chelates of said metals. The invention also relates to a method for curing a blocked isocyanate at a low reaction temperature which comprises combining the catalyst with the blocked isocyanate and functional component and heating to a temperature less than about 180.degree. C. to obtain a cured urethane.

Abstract: This process is characterized by the fact that at least one of the said monomers is polymerized or copolymerized in bulk, solution, emulsion or suspension, at a temperature that can be as low as 0.degree. C., in the presence of an initiation system including: at least one compound generating radicals, other than bromofluorene, and at least one catalyst consisting of a complex of palladium in the 0 oxidation state, denoted by the following formula (I): Pd(0)L.sup.1 L.sup.2 L.sup.3 L.sup.4 in which each of L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3 and L.sup.4, which are identical or different, denotes a ligand which may be a chiral ligand, which is chosen from PRR'R", P(OR)(OR')(OR"), NRR'R", ORR', SRR', SeRR', AsRR'R", SbRR'R", where each of R, R' and R" independently denotes a C.sub.1 -C.sub.14 alkyl group, optionally substituted, or an optionally substituted aromatic group, it being possible for at least two of these ligands to be joined to one another by one or more divalent radicals.

Abstract: Preparation of storage stable, polybutadiene containing, unsaturated polyester resins by heating a mixture containing an unsaturated hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene resin, a saturated anhydride or dibasic acid, an unsaturated anhydride or dibasic acid, a polymerization inhibitor and, optionally, a saturated glycol, while removing water as it is formed, the molar ratio of the saturated anhydride or acid to the unsaturated anhydride or acid being at least equal to 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to binders for self-crosslinkable varnishes and paints comprising one or a number of hydroxylated and/or carboxylated fluorinated copolymers and one or a number of epoxidized and/or alkoxylated acrylic copolymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to reinforcing compositions for thermoplastic polymers which have improved anticaking and flow properties, which include an impact additive and a precipitated silica.These compositions are very particularly suitable for the reinforcement of PVC.

Abstract: An improved process for removing phosphate from waste water comprising simultaneously injecting a coagulating agent upstream and downstream of a stage of biological oxidation in aerobic medium.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula?P!(ACH.sub.2 NH.sub.2).sub.xin which P denotes a partially hydrogenated 1,3-diene oligomer residue, x is practically equal to 2 and A denotes a divalent residue such as ##STR1## are obtained by selective hydrogenation of compounds of formula ?P.sub.1 !(ACN)x in which P.sub.1 denotes a 1,3-diene oligomer residue.