Abstract: Non-aqueous, radiation-curable inks comprising pigment, dispersant and a liquid carrier, wherein the pigment has an acid value greater than 8 mg of NaOH per gram of pigment. The inks are particularly suitable for use in ink jet printers.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides is provided which comprises assembling an oligonucleotide bound to a solid support in the presence of acetonitrile; prior to cleaving the oligonucleotide from the solid support removing the acetonitrile; and cleaving the oligonucleotide from the solid support. The process is particularly suited to the large scale synthesis of nucleotides. The acetonitrile may be removed from the solid support by one or both of drying and by washing with solvents. Preferred washing solvents comprise trialkylamines.

Abstract: An ink comprising a liquid medium and a colorant, wherein the liquid medium comprises water and a water-miscible organic solvent and the colorant is of Formula (1), wherein the colorant is dissolved in the liquid medium: Formula (1) wherein: each independently is a water-solubilising group selected from sulfo, carboxy, phosphato and poly(ethylene oxide); each Z independently is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl; each Q independently is a direct bond or —NR— wherein R is H, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted alkyl; rings A,B,C and D are each independently unsubstituted or carry a substituent selected from optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted aralkyl; each n independently is from 1 to 3; and each m independently is 0, 1 or 2; provided that when either or both of the groups represented by Q is a direct bond then at least one n has a value of at least 2.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aromatic carbocycle or heterocycle, and R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen, C1-10 alkyl, C(O)C1-10 alkyl or optionally substituted aryl provided that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen which process comprises reacting together a compound of formula (II): Ar—X??(II) wherein Ar is as defined in relation to formula (I) and X represents a leaving group with a a compound of formula (III) wherein R1 and R2 are as defined in relation to formula (I) under aqueous conditions in the presence of a Pd (II) salt, a ligand and a Group I or Group II metal hydroxide base at a pH greater than 7. Compounds of formula (I) may be hydrolysed to the corresponding hydrazine.

Abstract: A reactor vessel for carrying out solid phase synthesis, particularly the solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides, peptides, and combinatorial chemistry is provided. The reactor vessel comprises two or more orifices spaced from one another through which liquids within the vessel can be discharged and has a mounting enabling the vessel to be rotated about an axis so that each orifice can be moved into and out of a discharge position. Each orifice is adapted for closure by removable filtration means which are secured to the vessel to filter liquids discharging through the orifice when the orifice is in the discharge position. Processes for replacing the filtration means and for solid phase synthesis employing the use of an agitator are provided.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of an oligonucleotide is provided in which an oligonucleotide is assembled on a swellable solid support using the phosphoramidite approach in the presence of an activator, wherein the activator is not tetrazole or a substituted tetrazole. Preferred activators are pyridinium, imidazolinium and benzimidazolinium salts; benzotriazole and derivatives thereof; and saccharin or a saccharin derivative. Preferred swellable solid supports comprise functionalised polystyrene, partially hydrolysed polyvinylacetate or poly(acrylamide).

Abstract: The invention provides an ink composition comprising a charge generating material and a medium wherein the charge generating material absorbs radiation in both the near infra-red and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also provided is an electrophotographic toner composition comprising a binder resin and the charge generating material. The compositions are useful in, for example, security marking wherein the composition is printed on an article or substrate. Methods of establishing the authenticity of an article or substrate are also provided which comprise detecting an absorption of infra-red radiation by the charge generating material.

Abstract: A process for printing an image on a substrate comprising applying thereto a composition comprising a liquid medium and a compound of Formula (1): T-Q-N?N-L-T??Formula (1) wherein: each T independently is an azo group; Q is an optionally substituted, optionally metallised 1,8-dihydroxynaphthyl group; and L is a divalent organic linker group. Also claimed are compositions and dyes.

Abstract: A composition comprising a liquid medium and a compound of Formula (1) or salt thereof: wherein: A is optionally substituted phenyl or naphthyl provided A is not 2-sulpho-4-methoxyphenyl; B is optionally substituted phenylene or naphthylene; n is 0 or 1; D is a pyrazolonyl group; and wherein the liquid medium comprises an organic solvent. Also claimed are inks comprising said compositions and processes for printing.

Abstract: A composition comprising a liquid medium and a compound of Formula (1) or salt thereof: wherein: A is 2-sulpho-4-methoxyphenyl; B is optionally substituted phenylene or naphthylene; n is 0 or 1; and D is a pyrazolonyl group; wherein the liquid medium comprises an organic solvent, inks comprising this composition and printing processes.

Abstract: A process for coloration of a substrate comprising applying thereto by means of an ink-jet printer an ink composition comprising a compound of Formula (1) or salt thereof: wherein: M is 2H, Si, a metal, an oxymetal group, a hydroxymetal group or a halometal group; Pc is a phthalocyanine nucleus of Formula (2); each R1 and R2 independetly are H, C1-4alkyl or C1-4hydroxyalkyl; R3 is phenyl carrying 1 or 2 sulpho substituents or phenyl carrying at least 1 carboxy or 1 phosphato substituent and having further optional substituents; x, y and z are all greater than 0 and the sum of (x+y+z) is 2 to 5.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of a phosphorothioate triester is provided. The process comprises the coupling of an H-phosphonate with an alcohol in the presence of a solution comprising both a coupling agent and a sulfur transfer agent. Preferably, the H-phosphonate and alcohol are protected nucleosides or oligonucleotides.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis in solution phase of a phosphorothioate triester is provided. The process comprises the solution phase coupling of an H-phosphonate with an alcohol in the presence of a coupling agent to form an H-phosphonate diester. The H-phosphonate diester is oxidised in situ with a sulfur transfer agent to produce the phosphorothioate triester. Preferably, the H-phosphonate and alcohol are protected nucleosides or oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotide H-phosphonates which can be used in the formation of phosphorothioate triesters are also provided.

Abstract: Chiral organometallic compounds are provided which comprise certain non-symmetrically substituted cyclopentadiene complexed to a transition metal. The cyclopentadiene has a second coordinating group which also complexes the transition metal and is attached to the cyclopentadiene by means of a chiral connecting chain. Preferred transition metals include rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, palladium, or platinum. These chiral organometallic compounds find use in asymmetric synthesis to produce chiral compounds.

Abstract: A compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: M is 2H, Si, a metal, an oxymetal group, a hydroxymetal group or a halometal group; Pc represents a phthalocyanine nucleus of Formula (2); R1, R2 and R3 independently are H or optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl; R4 is an optionally substituted cyclic or an optionally substituted acyclic alkene optionally interrupted with a hetero atom; x and z are both greater than 0; y is 0 to 4; and the sum of (x+y+z) is 2 to 5. Also compositions and inks comprising compounds of Formula (1); processes for printing these compositions and substrates printed with said compositions and inks; and ink jet printer cartridges.

Abstract: A process for making an electronic device which comprises applying a non-aqueous plate-resistant ink by ink jet printing to selected areas of a dielectric substrate, optionally laminated with an electrically conductive metal(s), exposing the plate resistant ink to actinic and/or particle beam radiation to effect polymerisation, adding one or more metal layers by electrolytic or electroless deposition, the upper layer of which is an etch-resistant metal(s), removing the polymerised plate-resistant ink with alkali and finally removing the electrically conductive metal(s) which are optionally directly laminated to the dielectric substrate and not protected by an upper layer of etch-resistant metal(s) by chemical etching wherein the plate-resistant ink is substantially solvent-free and comprises: A) 30 to 90 parts acrylate functional monomers free from acid groups comprising mono- or higher functionality wherein 5 to 95% by weight are mono-functional monomers; B) 1 to 30 parts acrylate functional monomer containi

Abstract: A metal chelate compound of the Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: one of A and B is OH and the other is an azotriazole group; and M is a metal or boron; and n is 0 to 4; compositions and inks containing a compound of Formula (1), a process for ink jet printing using the inks and an ink jet printer cartridge containing the ink.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of Formula (1): wherein: X is S, O or NR3, wherein R3 is H or an organic group; R is H or an organic group; R1 and R2 each independently are H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; G is a substituent; and n is 0 to 3: which comprises the steps: (a) reacting a compound of Formula (2) with a compound of Formula NHR1R2 to give a compound of Formula (3): wherein X, R, G and n are as defined above and R4 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl or a combination thereof; and (b) reducing the compound of Formula (3) to give a compound of Formula (1) is provided.

Abstract: A process for printing an image on a substrate comprising applying thereto by means of an ink jet printer an ink containing a metal chelate compound of the Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: one of A and B is OH and the other is an azotriazole group; each W independently is a carboxy or carbonamido group; each X independently is a substituent other than H, sulphonamido, carboxy, sulpho and carbonamido; J is a sulphonamido group; M is a metal or boron; a, p, q and n are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and (p+q+a+n) is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Also claimed are compounds of Formula (1), compositions and inks containing a compound of Formula (1) and an ink jet printer cartridge containing the ink.

Abstract: A process for coloration of a substrate comprising applying thereto means of an ink jet printer a composition comprising a medium and a compound of Formula (1): wherein: A is optionally substituted aryl; B is optionally substituted arylene; and R1 and R2 are each independently H or optionally substituted alkyl. Also claimed are novel compounds, compositions and ink-jet cartridges for use an ink-jet printer and substrate printed with an ink-jet printer.