Abstract: Azo dyes having a phenyl-substituted phthalazone as the diazo component and a coupling component containing a hydroxy group or an enolizable keto group, said coupling component being selected from the phenol, naphthol, acetoacetarylide, pyrazalone, quinolone, pyridone, pyrimidone or isoquinolone series. The dyes have pigmentary character with good light fastness and also fastness to overcoating, migration and overspraying, and are thus eminently suitable for the coloring of printing inks, surface coatings and plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride or polyester fibers, the pigments being substantially insoluble in solvents and further exhibiting resistance to high temperatures and fastness to weathering.

Abstract: Production of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a mixture of diisocyanates and polyisocyanates by the phosgenation of pure 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and a mixture of diamines and polyamines. 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane is obtained by distillation of the mixture of products obtained from the reaction of aniline with formaldehyde and crystallization of the distillate from a solvent. The combined distillation residue and mother liquor from the crystallization form the mixture for reaction with phosgene to produce a mixture of diisocyanates and polyiisocyanates. This process produces a highly pure 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate which is particularly suitable for the production of polyurethanes serving as intermediates in the manufacture of rigid foams or as glue.

Abstract: Recovery of pure propylene oxide from propylene oxide which is contaminated by C.sub.6 hydrocarbons and methyl formate, by distillation with the addition of more methyl formate so that the amount of methyl formate is four times that of the 2-methylpentane present.

Abstract: Polymers in which the side chains contain 1,3,4-dioxazol-2-one groups, and the manufacture of said polymers. The novel polymers have the reactivity of 1,3,4-dioxazol-2-one and may also contain other reactive groups. They may be used for the production of shaped articles, coatings and adhesives.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of fibrids of thermoplastics materials by extruding molten thermoplastics through dies and breaking up the extrudate into fibers by means of a liquid medium causing shear stresses within a small volume, to which end the extrudate is passed to a zone of high energy dissipation so that it is completely divided up into fibers of the desired size in a single pass.

Abstract: New and valuable process for the production of 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-carboxylic amides by reaction of acyloxypropionaldehyde with acetoacetamide.

Abstract: A process for the production of 1-methyl-3-phenylindans by dimerization of styrenes in the presence of catalysts and of organic compounds which absorb light of from 2000 to 8000 A and which are irradiated with such light. The compounds which can be prepared by the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the production of dyes and pest control agents.

Abstract: A process for controlling fungi with the aid of substituted chloromethylaroyl sulfides, the aryl radical being substituted by various radicals, and fungicides containing these active ingredients.

Abstract: Treatment of waste water produced in the manufacture of expandable polystyrene, comprising passing a stream of fine gas bubbles through the waste water and removing the resulting foam containing a high concentration of impurities from the aqueous phase. In a special embodiment of the invention, the aqueous phase can then be subjected to further treatment.

Abstract: Aqueous antifoaming emulsions based on fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, optionally paraffins and free fatty acids, and emulsifiers, in which the average particle size of the emulsified water-insoluble portions is from 4 to 9 .mu..

Abstract: 2(OR 3)-Methyl-1-acetoxy-4-alkoxy(or phenoxy)-1,3-butadienes and a process for their manufacture. The new 2(or 3)-methyl-1-acetoxy-4-alkoxy(or phenoxy)-1,3-butadienes are obtained by heating the corresponding methyl-4-alkoxy(or phenoxy)-crotonaldehyde with an excess of acetic anhydride and an alkali metal acetate, alkali metal carbonate or alkali metal hydroxide or a non-aromatic bicyclic amine or by heating the corresponding methyl-1-acetoxy-4,4-dialkoxy-2-butene in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid and quinoline at a temperature of from 150.degree. to 260.degree. C. The new compounds are of very considerable importance as intermediates in the synthesis of carotenoids.

Abstract: The invention relates to special acetals of benzoin compounds which act as photoinitiators, and to a technically simple manufacturing process involving the reaction of an appropriate .alpha.- or .beta.-hydroxyketone with an .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated ether in the presence of an acid catalyst. The acetals are particularly suitable for use as photoinitiators in the preparation of photopolymer printing plates.

Abstract: The manufacture of ion-exchanging shaped articles, in particular fibers, fabrics and membranes, by polymerization of the polymerizable monomers of a homogeneous mixture of a polyolefin, a vinylaromatic compound, an aromatic divinyl compound and a solvent of low volatility, converting said mixture to a shaped article, removing the said solvent and introducing ion-exchanging groups into the said shaped article.

Abstract: A process for the production of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones by reaction of an aldehyde with a ketone in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of zinc oxide in the liquid phase. The ketones obtained are suitable in some cases as solvents and in some cases as intermediates for the production of valuable odorants, dyes, plastics and especially natural substances.

Abstract: Lead batteries which contain lead salt solutions and/or their corresponding acids and have a titanium base plate on the positive electrode and a graphite base plate on the negative electrode.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions based on soluble vinylpyrrolidone polymers, soluble or swellable polycarboxylic acids, photopolymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomers and optional additions of photoinitiators and polymerization inhibitors.The photosensitive compositions of the invention are suitable for the preparation of printing plates, particularly lithographic plates.

Abstract: In a process for the production of magnetic recording media by applying a layer of a dispersion of a magnetic pigment in a polyurethane-containing binder and a solvent to non-magnetic supports, small amounts of ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable carboxylic acids or their anhydrides with or without copolymerizable monomers are added and polymerized during dispersion of the magnetic pigment. Recording media produced by this process exhibit excellent output level, coefficient of friction and electrical resistance values and have particularly good operational durability.

Abstract: Compositions polymerizable by ultraviolet irradiation which contain photopolymerizable monomers possessing at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and monoketals of the formula ##STR1## as photoinitiators. The compositions have a particularly long shelf life and show very little yellowing after curing by irradiation.

Abstract: The production of 4-oxotetrahydro-1,3,5-oxadiazines by reaction of urea (which may be methylolated) with formaldehyde in specific molar proportions and under specific conditions of temperature and pH for not more than thirty minutes. The products are textile finishing agents and valuable starting materials for the production of textile finishing agents, particularly for cellulosic textiles.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium in the form of a card having a non-magnetic support with a magnetic coating on one side of the support and a backcoating on the opposite side of the support, which backcoating exhibits improved scratch resistance and adherence to the support and improved frictional characteristics and consists essentially of 20 to 50% by weight of a binder mixture containing 10 to 60% by weight of an elastomeric polyurethane and, incorporated in the binder mixture, a non-magnetic pulverulent mixture of 10 to 40% by weight of conductive carbon powder and 60 to 90% by weight of platelet-shaped and spherical particles.