Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams prepared by reacting a polyether polyol and an organic isocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and incorporating melamine and an effective amount of another flame retardant. The organic isocyanate comprises carbodiimide-uretonimine-modified diphenylmehtane diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanate. The polyurethane foams exceed conventional flame retardancy standards and exhibit flame spread index values of less than 25 as measured under flame test procedure ASTM D3675-90.

Abstract: (Cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanate compositions which have a long shelf life, are obtainable by phosgene-free methods, preferably by thermal cleavage of (cyclo)aliphatic polycarbamates, and, for stabilization, contain at least one primary stabilizer (2a), preferably a sterically hindered phenol and/or an aromatic amine, or at least one secondary stabilizer (2b), preferably an organic phosphite and/or a thioether, or at least one acidic stabilizer (2c), preferably a carboxylic acid, an acyl chloride, an inorganic acid, an inorganic acid chloride and/or a diester of phosphoric acid, or a stabilizer system comprising at least 2 of the stabilizers (2a) to (2c), a process for the preparation of the (cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanate compositions and their preferred use for the preparation of isocyanurate-containing polyisocyanates.

Abstract: A supercritical fluid (SCF) or near SCF is used in a cleaning process for cleaning a spin pack of a melt spinning apparatus. The SCF enables cleaning of the spin pack without requiring spin pack disassembly. In an exemplary embodiment, the SCF is recirculated to a recirculating chamber where polymer residue can be precipitated from the SCF, and the SCF can be re-purified for subsequent cycling through the same or a next assembled spin pack.

Abstract: Carbonyloxy-substituted azulenesquaric acid dyes of the formula ##STR1## where L is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylene which may be substituted by phenyl,R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, which may be phenyl-substituted, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl or pyridyl andR.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently of the others hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl,with the proviso that when R.sup.3 is hydrogen the positions of the substituents CH.sub.2 --L--O--CO--R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 on either or both azulene rings may also be interchanged with each other within an azulene ring, are useful in an optical recording medium.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding materials containA) from 5 to 94% by weight of a partly aromatic, semicrystalline copolyamide composed essentially ofa.sub.1) from 30 to 44 mol % of units which are derived from terephthalic acid,a.sub.2) from 6 to 20 mol % of units which are derived from isophthalic acid,a.sub.3) from 43 to 49.5 mol % of units which are derived from hexamethylenediamine, anda.sub.4) from 0.5 to 7 mol % of units which are derived from aliphatic cyclic diamines of 6 to 30 carbon atoms,the molar percentages of components a.sub.1) to a.sub.4) together giving 100% andB) from 5 to 94% by weight of an ASA or ABS or SAN polymer or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid or of a mixture thereof,C) from 1 to 30% by weight of an adhesion promoter which contains from 0.

Abstract: Hydroxylated benzophenonens are prepared from completely or partially methylated hydroxybenzophenones by reacting these methyl ethers with AlCl.sub.3 and subsequently hydrolyzing with water, the reaction being carried out in the presence of one or more compounds from the class of ureas or carboxamides.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous eletrocoating ?sic! compositions containing cathodically depositable synthetic resins, which electrocoating compositions are characterized in that they contain polymer microparticles which have a particle size of 0.01 to 10 .mu.m and are preparable by reacting(a) a polyisocyanate or a mixture of polyisocyanates with(b) an organic compound containing not only at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond but also at least one active hydrogen atom per molecule or a mixture of such organic compounds and(c) an organic compound containing not only at least one active hydrogen atom but also at least one tertiary amino group and/or at least one ketimine group and/or at least one aldimine group per molecule or a mixture of such organic compounds and, if desired,(d) an organic compound other than (b) and (c) containing at least one active hydrogen atom per molecule or a mixture of such organic compounds.

Abstract: Catalyst and process for the preparation of butene-2-diol-1,4 by the hydrogenation of butyne-2-diol-1,4 in aqueous solution over a palladium-containing fixed-bed catalyst, which is doped with lead or cadmium, in which a catalyst is used which has been made by applying Pd and Pb or Pd and Cd successively, by vapor deposition or sputtering, to a metal gauze or a metal foil acting as support material followed by forming the catalyst at an elevated temperature in air.

Abstract: Radiation-curable compositions comprisinga) compounds having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds with which it is possible for primary or secondary amino groups to form adducts in the form of a Michael-analogous addition reaction (referred to in short below as activated double bonds)b) capped amino compounds which on irradiation with high-energy light liberate amino compounds having primary, secondary or primary and secondary amino groups, the overall number of hydrogen atoms bonded in the amino groups (amine hydrogen atoms) being at least 2.

Abstract: In a process for the separation by rectification of unsaturated carboxylic acids from solvents in which the acids were absorbed after the synthesis reaction, the rectification is briefly interrupted and the rectification column is flushed with a basic solution. The interruption is carried out at regular time intervals. The basic solution used is an aqueous solution of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, preferably NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH).sub.2 or their anhydrous oxides; alkaline polar organic solvents as amines or amides can be used, too.

Abstract: A process for producing optically active primary and secondary amines from the corresponding racemates is characterised in that (a) a racemic amine is enantioselectively acylated in the presence of a hydrolase with an ester whose acid component bears a fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom at the proximity of the carbonyl carbon atom; (b) the mixture of optically active amine and optically active acylated amine is separated so that an enantiomer of amine is produced; (c) if desired the other enantiomer of the amine is extracted from the acylated amine by amide cleavage.

Abstract: Condensation and addition polymers which comprise as structural repeating unit N,N'-bridged bistetramethylpiperidyloxy groups of the formula I ##STR1## in which m is 2 or 3 are suitable as light stabilizers and other stabilizers for organic material

Abstract: A method for improving etch resistance in a coating comprising applying to a substrate a curable coating composition comprising:(a) a first component comprising a polymer backbone having appended thereto at least one carbamate functional group, and(b) a second component comprising a compound having a plurality of functional groups that are reactive with said carbamate group, andcuring the coating composition.

Abstract: Environmental etch resistant coatings are described. The coatings are derived from aqueous, curable coating compositions comprising:(a) a carbamate-functional grafted acrylic polymer that comprises the reaction product of a first acrylic polymer and a second acrylic polymer, with at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having groups that impart water dispersibility to the grafted acrylic polymer, and at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having carbamate functionality; and(b) a second component comprising a compound having a plurality of functional groups that are reactive with the carbamate functionality.

Abstract: Polyurethane polymers having pendant carbamate groups are disclosed. The polymers are prepared by:(a) reacting a mixture comprising a polyol having at least one pendant carbamate group and a polyisocyanate to form a polyurethane having pendant carbamate groups, and(b) optionally, capping the polyurethane from (b) with an active hydrogen-containing capping agent.

Abstract: Polymers I comprising from 15 to 80% by weight of monomers of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl and X is O or NH, and from 20 to 85% by weight of other monomers capable of undergoing free radical copolymerization are used as assistants in the spray drying of aqueous dispersions of polymers II which differ from the polymers I. The resultant powders are added to mineral binders.

Abstract: Process for carrying out gas/liquid reactions at from (-50.degree.) to 300.degree. C. and from 0.1 to 100 bar by carrying out the reaction in the absence of a continuous gas phase, and, as a special case, a process for the batchwise reaction of acetylene in the liquid phase at from 0.degree. to 300.degree. C. and from 2 to 30 bar, in which acetylene is introduced a) in the absence of a continuous gas phase and b) under isobaric conditions to a degree of saturation of from 5 to 100%.

Abstract: Copolymers comprisea) from 1 to 65 mol % of at least one diketene of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl,b) from 30 to 70 mol % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or one dicarboxylic acid derivative,c) from 0.5 to 60 mol % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon andd) up to 20 mol % of at least one further ethylenically unsaturated monomer,modified copolymers are obtainable by reacting these copolymers with NH-, SH- and/or OH-functional compounds, and the unmodified or modified copolymers are used as additives for mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: The improved water-soluble photosensitive resin composition comprises a high-polymer compound represented by the general formula(I): ##STR1## (where X is Na, K or NH.sub.4) and a water-soluble polymer which is either polyvinylpyrrolidone or a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole or both. The composition is applied to a substrate, exposed through a mask pattern and developed to form a photocured pattern and, thereafter, a light absorber is applied to the entire surface of the substrate and dried, followed by stripping away the photocured pattern and the overlying light absorber to form a black matrix pattern. The composition is suitable for use as a photoresist in the manufacture of black matrices as on color CRTs and capable of efficient formation of photocured patterns with high sensitivity by shorter times and lower intensities of exposure. In addition, the composition adheres strongly to glass substrates and is capable of pattern formation as thin film that is faithful to the mask pattern used.

Abstract: A process for the continuous preparation of polymers from reaction components, in particular of copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile, by bulk or solution polymerization, where the reaction components are passed through the tubes of a recycle reactor, the recycle reactor has at least one tube bundle reactor with straight tubes around which a liquid heat-transfer medium flows, and each tube bundle reactor consists of at least two shell and tube heat exchangers which are connected together by at least one intermediate mixing section. Moreover the volume of the shell and tube heat exchangers is at least 50% of the total volume of the arrangement. The intermediate mixing sections consist of tubes with static mixing elements, around which tubes a heat-transfer medium flows.