Abstract: There is now provided a polyol composition containing a polyol having polyester linkages, an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 hydrocarbon blowing agent, and a polyoxyalkylene polyether monool initiated with a C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 fatty hydrocarbon having one alkylene oxide active hydrogen atom. We have found that the monool emulsifies the C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 blowing agent in the compound having polyester linkages, to form an emulsified polyol composition, after which an organic aromatic isocyanate may be reacted with the emulsified polyol composition to form a closed cell polyurethane foam.The polyol composition is used to make rigid closed cell polyisocyanate based foams which are dimensionally stable, and have good insulation values and flame retardance. Combining the monool with the polyester based polyol produces a foam having a density lower than that of a reference foam made with the same ingredients and amounts except in the absence of the monool.

Abstract: There is now provided a rigid closed cell polyisocyanate based foam for use as a positive flotation material for watercraft which meets the U.S. Coast Guard immersion test (CGD 75-168, 33 C.F.R. .sctn.183.114). As a blowing agent for this foam, a mixture of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) as a frothing agent and water is used, where the amount of water is less than 2.5 weight percent based on the weight of the formulated polyol composition. Also, in preferable embodiments, the polyols in the polyol composition are initiated by at least one amine; and the polyol composition contains a delayed action tertiary amine catalyst. The foams used in the invention have excellent dimensional stability. In another embodiment, there is also provided a formulated polyol composition of R-134a and a polyol composition having an average OH# of less than 400 and an average functionality of greater than 4 using R-134a and less than 2.5 wt.

Abstract: A method of cleaning polymer residue from a polymer melt filter formed of a sintered powdered metal includes pyrolyzing the polymer residue-contaminated filter within a heated chamber at a temperature within the range from about 400.degree. to about 600.degree. C. and for a time sufficient to pyrolyze substantially all of the polymer residue. Simultaneously with such treatment, the heated chamber is flushed with steam to prevent combustion of the polymer residue. The pyrolyzed filter is then treated with a solvent and back-flushed with a pressurized fluid stream by passing the fluid steam through the filter in a direction opposite to the polymer melt flow therethrough.

Abstract: Method for detecting marked mineral oils by treating the marked mineral oil with an extractant comprising water, a solvent and a base comprises using as marker an azo dye of the formula ##STR1## where ring A may be benzofused,m is from 1 to 4,X.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano or nitro,X.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkoxycarbonyl,X.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano or C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkoxycarbonyl, andX.sup.4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, amino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -dialkylamino or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -monoalkylamino,as solvent a partially or completely water-miscible organic solvent, and as base an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, the use of azo dyes as markers for mineral oils, and novel azo dyes.

Abstract: A continuous process for spinning and drawing polyamide filaments with the steps of melting a polyamide and spinning the filaments from the molten polyamide through a spinnerette, quenching the filaments, applying a yarn finish to the filaments, applying steam and heat to the filaments by a steam and heating unit which consists of a steam box and at least one heated godet, drawing the filaments, and optionally texturing the filaments. The resulting filaments have low shrinkage, high crystallinity, and a high percentage of alpha crystals.

Abstract: N-[(1,3,5-traizin-2-yl)-aminocarbonyl]-benzenesulfonamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.3 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;a group OR.sup.5 or SR.sup.5 where R.sup.5 is unsubstituted or fluorine-substituted alkyl, with the exception of difluoromethoxy; nitro or hydroxyl; andR.sup.4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylthio, ethylthio, C.sub.1 - or C.sub.2 -haloalkoxy, fluorine or chlorine, with the exception of 6-chloro and 6-fluoro when R.sup.3 is alkyl or C.sub.1 - or C.sub.2 -alkoxy;and agriculturally useful salts thereof, processes for their preparation and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyurethane-based, compact moldings or moldings having a cellular core and a compacted surface which comprise crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid salts and/or poly(meth)acrylamides, to a process for their production, and to their use as shoe or shoe sole material.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyetheresterols obtained by condensation of a polyfunctional carboxylic acid with an alcohol component, wherein the alcohol component comprises a mixture of alkanediols and etherdiols of the formula ##STR1## where m=1 to 3n.gtoreq.3 andR.sup.I, R.sup.II, R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are identical or different and, independently of one another, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl,and the ratio between ether and ester groups in the polyetheresterol is in the range from 0.3:1 to 1.5:1, which are suitable, in particular, for the preparation of polyurethanes having reduced fogging.

Abstract: Adhesives containing polyvinyl ether copolymers having a weight average molecular weight of >10,000, comprisea) from 0 to 95% by weight of vinyl ethers of the formula IH.sub.2 C.dbd.CH--O--Rb) from 5 to 100% by weight of hydrophilic vinyl ethers of the formula IIH.sub.2 C.dbd.CH--O--R.sup.1andc) from 0 to 30% by weight of further monomers,where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl and R.sup.1 is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical which may be substituted by hydroxyl groups or interrupted by nonadjacent groups --Y--, Y is oxygen, sulfur or a group NR.sup.2 or N.sup.+ R.sup.2 R.sup.3 X.sup.-, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and X.sup.- is a counter-anion, and the molar ratio of carbon atoms to the sum of groups Y and hydroxyl groups in the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical is from 1.01:1 to 6.5:1.

Abstract: A manifold, which has a manifold assembly with a multiplicity of jets, which is connected to a drive for moving the manifold assembly in a stand-by position and in a blowing position, and a yarn winding apparatus for winding yarn packages, which has a frame, a turret disc, rotatably mounted on the frame, a multiplicity of spindles, rotatably mounted on the turret disc for holding bobbins, a transfer mechanism, connected to the frame, a winder head with a drive roll for rotating the spindles, connected to the frame, and the manifold, fixedly mounted on the frame. The manifold provides an air curtain within the yarn winding apparatus in order to reduce entanglement of the loose end of a fully wound yarn package with a new winding yarn package or other parts of the yarn winding apparatus.

Abstract: In a process for preparing dry, free-flowing choline chloride-containing powders by atomizing an aqueous choline chloride solution, a colloid-free aqueous choline chloride solution is atomized in a countercurrent-flowing air stream that contains, finely dispersed, a hydrophobic spraying auxiliary metered in in such amounts that the sprayed choline chloride droplets are coated with 2 to 15% by weight of spraying auxiliary, based on choline chloride calculated as 100%, and the coated particles are, if desired, collected in a fluidized bed and dried in the gas stream.

Abstract: A blend of fibers is made of about 51 to 90% by weight of base fibers (a) selected from triangular trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.4 to 3.4; hollow pentagonal fibers; standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; and mixtures thereof; and about 10 to 49% by weight of accent fibers (b) selected from standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 1.7 to 2.4; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.0 to 2.9; and mixtures thereof. The fibers (a) and (b) have a denier per filament within the range represented by the area enclosed by sides A, B, C, D and E of FIG. 1. Where fibers (a) and (b) are both pointed lobe trilobal fibers with the same modification ratio and denier per filament, then fibers (a) are delustered and fibers (b) are undelustered.

Abstract: A process for preparing carbocyclic m-aminohydroxyaromatics comprises reacting the corresponding o-- or m-halohydroxyaromatics or metal salts thereof with primary or secondary amines in the presence of a base and in the presence or absence of a diluent.

Abstract: A recirculation system associated with an automated dosing apparatus employs pressurized supply canisters for flowable materials to be dosed and a recirculation loop which permits the flowable materials to be recirculated through the dosing head and returned to the pressurized supply canisters. The recirculation system includes a buffer reservoir which is fluid-connected to both the dosing head and the pressurized supply canister. During a recirculation mode, the flowable material supplied to the dosing head will be caused to recirculate through channels defined in the dosing head and thereafter be directed to the buffer reservoir. The recirculated paint will accumulate in the buffer reservoir until the recirculation mode has been completed. At that time, a transfer mode will be initiated so as to cause the buffer reservoir to be pressurized greater than the pressure existing in the stock canister.

Abstract: Substituted 5-aminopyrazoles I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -hydroxyalkyl, phenyl which may carry 1-3 of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio or --NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, and which may additionally carry a number of halogen atoms so that the total number of radicals is 5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, R.sup.3 is CN, --CO--R.sup.8 or --CS--R.sup.8, R.sup.8 is OH, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, NH.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino or di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, PX(OR.sup.9).sub.2, --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.9, --CX--R.sup.10, --CX--NH--CY--R.sup.9 or CX--NH--SO.sub.2 --R.sup.11, X and Y are each O or S, R.sup.9 is one of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.10 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or unsubstituted or substituted NH.

Abstract: The free resin particles which present problems in papermaking are determined according to number and size in order to bind them to the wood fibers by adding assistants and hence render them harmless. For this purpose, a paper stock suspension is prepared and the resin particles are separated from said suspension and then marked with a fluorescent dye and isolated. The light signals emitted by the individual resin particles after excitation are detected for determination of number and size.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of methylpyrazoles from diacetylene and hydrazines in which the diacetylene is removed from cracked gas by absorption and is then reacted with hydrazines.

Abstract: There is now provided a polyol composition containing a polyol having polyester linkages, an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 hydrocarbon blowing agent, and a polyoxyalkylene polyether monool initiated with a C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 fatty hydrocarbon having one alkylene oxide active hydrogen atom. We have found that the monool emulsifies the C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 blowing agent in the compound having polyester linkages, to form an emulsified polyol composition, after which an organic aromatic isocyanate may be reacted with the emulsified polyol composition to form a closed cell polyurethane foam.The polyol composition is used to make rigid closed cell polyisocyanate based foams which are dimensionally stable, and have good insulation values and flame retardance. Combining the monool with the polyester based polyol produces a foam having a density lower than that of a reference foam made with the same ingredients and amounts except in the absence of the monool.

Abstract: Copolymers crosslinkable by a free radical method and having a number average molecular weight of from 1500 to 6000 and a molecular weight distribution corresponding to a polydispersity of from 1 to 4.0 are obtainable by polymer-analogous reaction ofA) a copolymer (A) which is composed ofa1) from 50 to 85 mol % of a monomer (a1) containing the structural element of methacrylic acid anda2) from 15 to 50 mol % of another monomer (a2) undergoing free radical polymerization,a3) from 5 to 50 mol % of the total amount of the monomers (a1) and (a2) being monomers (a3) which carry functional groups and whose functional groups are capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction,and is obtainable by free radical mass or solution polymerization at from 140.degree. to 210.degree. C. and with an average residence time of from 2 to 90 minuteswithB) an olefinically unsaturated monomer (B) which carries a functional group which is complementary to the functional groups of the monomers (a3).

Abstract: Fungicidal compositions consisting ofa) methyl .alpha.