Abstract: The preparation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones IO.dbd.C(R.sup.1)--CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 Iis carried out by acid hydrolysis of cyclic .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated acetals II ##STR1## in the presence of saturated aldehydes.

Abstract: Isoxazole- and isothiazole-5-carboxamides of the formula I ##STR1## where X is oxygen or sulfur, R.sup.1 is halogen, alkylthio, haloalkoxy, haloalkylthio, cyano, formyl, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)-alkylaminocarbonyl, cyclopropylaminocarbonyl, methylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy or phenylthio; R.sup.2 is formyl, haloformyl, 4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl, COOR.sup.5, COSR.sup.5 or CONR.sup.6 R.sup.7, and R.sup.3 to R.sup.7 have the meanings specified in the description, are suitable as herbicides.

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallic and nonmetallic water borne base coat compositions exhibiting excellent appearance. A method for long term stability and the introduction of aluminum flake pigments into a water borne coating is also disclosed. The method is based on storing the aluminum flake in a solvent environment with introduction of the aluminum flake in to the aqueous environment just before appling the base coat coating. A water reducible acrylic resin with nonionic and acid functionality derived from vinyl monomers having nonionic and urethane functionality has been disclosed that allows for direct introduction of aluminum flake in to an aqueous environment. The coating vehicle is based on acrylic latex vehicle which exhibits excellent drying and film properties. The rheology control agent employed allows for a wetter application of the coating to the substrate. The coating compositions disclosed are also in compliance with current and proposed volatile organic compound regulations.

Abstract: A high density structural reaction injection molded (SRIM) composite having a fabric comprised of nonwoven spunbonded fibers made of a polyester core sheathed in a polyamide skin, is embedded in a polyurethane matrix, providing a part having a blister free surface upon baking in a paint oven. A baked part having a near Class A or Class A surface finish can be attained by adding a show surface veil made of a soft nonwoven polyester fiber mat to the polyurethane matrix over the nonwoven spun bonded fabric. These parts have structural applications which require high strength and good surface finishes, such as in automotive exterior panels.

Abstract: Novel (meth)acrylate copolymers which contain, as polymerized units,A) one or more (meth)acrylates and/or (meth)acrylamides having second order nonlinear optical properties and of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, X is a flexible spacer, which may or may not be present, Y is a divalent group having electron donor activity and Z is a noncentrosymmetric radical containing an easily polarizable conjugated .pi.-electron system and one or more electron acceptor groups, andB) one or more (meth)acrylates of alkanols where the alkyl radical is of 10 to 30 carbon atomsin a molar ratio of (A) to (B) of from 1:0.5 to 1:5 are very suitable as nonlinear optical materials for nonlinear optical arrangements and for the production of Langmuir-Blodgett films.

Abstract: Azo dyes suitable for thermal transfer printing have the formula ##STR1## in which the substituents have the following meanings: R.sup.1 is H, amino, hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is H, acetyl, carbamoyl or cyano, R.sup.3 is .omega.-phenoxy-, .omega.-tolyloxy-, .omega.-benzyloxy- or .omega.-cyclohexyloxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl whose carbon chain may be interrupted by one or two of the following nonadjacent members --O--, --CO--, --O--CO-- or --CO--O-- and which may carry one or two of the following substituents: halogen, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkyl, phenyl or cyclohexyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each H, halogen, cyano, nitro, trihalomethyl, or a radical of the formula --CO--H, --CO--R.sup.6, --O--CO--R.sup.6, --CO--OR.sup.6, --SO--OR.sup.6, --O--SO--OR.sup.6, --CO--NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, --O--CO--NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, --SO.sub.2 --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 or --O--SO.sub.2 --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 where R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl or .omega.-phenoxy-, .omega.-tolyloxy-, .omega.-benzyloxy- or .omega.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive mixture, essentially consisting of(a) a binder or binder mixture which is insoluble in water but soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions,(b) a compound which forms a strong acid on exposure to radiation and(c) one or more organic compounds which suppress the solubility of (a) in aqueous alkaline solutions,wherein component (c) is an organic compound of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aralkyl and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or a radical ##STR2## where n is from 1 to 5 and R.sup.5 is alkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aralkyl, or R.sup.3 together with R.sup.4 form a five-membered to seven-membered ring via --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- in which m is from 4 to 6, is suitable for the production of relief structures.

Abstract: Azolylethane derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 are each alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenylthio, methoxycarbonylethyl or hetaryl, these radicals being substituted or unsubstituted,D is halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, phenylthio or phenoxy, these radicals being substituted or unsubstituted,X is CH or N,plant-tolerated acid addition salts and metal complex compounds thereof, and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Carboxamides Ia, Ib, Ic and Id ##STR1## (X=O, S; R.sup.1 =H, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, haloalkoxy, haloalkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy or phenylthio, a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic radical containing one or two heteroatoms, cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl which may be epoxidized, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl; R.sup.1 '=cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl which may be epoxidized, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl; R.sup.2 =CHO, 4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl, COYR.sup.5, CONR.sup.6 R.sup.7 ; Y=O, S; R.sup.

Abstract: Potassium magnesium L-ascorbate 2-phosphate is prepared from an aqueous solution of potassium L-ascorbate 2-phosphate which is highly contaminated with KCl, as is produced in the phosphorylation of 5,6-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid, by adding to the solution about 1 equivalent of magnesium ions per equivalent of L-ascorbate 2-phosphate, and subsequently removing the KCl by electrodialysis. The product of this process is a novel salt of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate and has very advantageous handling properties.

Abstract: Rhodium hydroformylation catalysts containing bisphosphite ligands of the formula I ##STR1## where --X-- is a divalent bisarylene radical or R.sup.1,W is a divalent arylene, bisarylene or alkylene radical, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or ortho-arylene.

Abstract: Free-flowing granules of thermoplastic elastomers are obtained by applying a finely divided mineral powder, namely a silicate from the group comprising wollastonite, kaolinite or mica, in an amount of from 0.005 to 0.5%, based on the amount of elastomer, to the surface of the granules.

Abstract: 2-Methylenepropane-1,3-diol dicarboxylates are prepared by reacting pentaerythritol tetracarboxylates on solid catalysts at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Salicylic acid derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## (R.sup.1 is succinimidoxy; unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl; OR.sup.5 where R.sup.5 is substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or substituted methyleneamino; OR.sup.8 where R.sup.8 is hydrogen, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium or organic ammonium;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -haloalkoxy and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio;R.sup.4 is ethynyl or unsubstituted or substituted vinyl;X is oxygen or sulfur;Z is nitrogen or methine)are used as herbicides and bioregulators.

Abstract: Novel benzonitriles, benzaldehydes and benzyl alcohols of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, bicycloalkyl, bicycloalkenyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, bicycloalkyl or bicycloalkenyl, X is hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine and Z is --CN, CHO or ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen, cyano, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkynyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, with the proviso that R.sup.2 is not --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--B when B is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl and at the same time R.sup.1 is methyl and Z is ##STR3## and with the proviso that R.sup.2 is not methyl or ethyl when R.sup.1 is methyl and at the same time Z is ##STR4## and furthermore with the proviso that R.sup.2 is not methyl when R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl and at the same time Z is --CN or --CHO.

Abstract: Carboxamides of the formulae Ia to Ic ##STR1## where X is oxygen or sulfur;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or alkyl;R.sup.2 is hydroxy, alkoxy, cyanoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or naphthyl, or one of the groups stated for R.sup.1 ;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are nitro, cyano, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted amino, alkoxy, alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylthio, or one of the groups stated for R.sup.1 ;R.sup.5 is formyl, 4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl or COYR.sup.6 (Y.dbd.O,S);R.sup.6 is hydrogen, cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkenyl or phenyl,phthalimido, tetrahydrophthalimido, succinimido, maleimido, benzotriazolyl ora group --N.dbd.CR.sup.7 R.sup.8, whereR.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are hydrogen or alkyl, and R.sup.8 may also be cycloalkyl, phenyl, or R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together form a 4- to 7-membered alkylene chain;and if R.sup.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or phenyl in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by radicals R.sup.4, not more than two substituents R.sup.4 being identical, or R.sup.1 together with R.sup.2 or together with R.sup.6 forms a --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- bridge,R.sup.4 is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, --OH, --O--R.sup.7, --S--R.sup.7, ##STR2## R.sup.2 or R.sup.6, independently of one another, both are hydrogen, or one of the radicals R.sup.4, or, where R.sup.1 is aryl,R.sup.2 or R.sup.6 is a direct bond to R.sup.1 in the ortho-position with respect to the carbonyl group, andR.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are each hydrogen, one of the radicals R.sup.4 or a group the general formula II ##STR3## where R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are each alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.9 is cycloalkyl of 5 or 6 carbon atoms,R.sup.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where the substituents have the following meanings: R.sup.1 substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl, phenyl, benzyl or thenyl;R.sup.2 substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl or phenyl;R.sup.3 hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylcarbonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylsulfonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -trialkylsilyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -dialkylphosphonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -dialkylthiophosphonyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenylcarbonyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl orsubstituted or unsubstituted benzoyl- or phenylsulfonyl;R.sup.4 hydrogen, cyano, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl;A a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Metal complex dyes which are free of reactive groups and have at least one hydroxysulfonyl group are removed from wastewaters by means of amines of at least 6 carbon atoms in the presence or absence of water-immiscible inert organic solvents.

Abstract: A measuring element which senses the running of the solid of rotation is connected to the actual value input of a controller whose output signal is connected to a control element which acts upon a bearing which is adjustable perpendicularly to the axis.