Abstract: In antifoams based on oil-in-water emulsions, the oil phase of the emulsions contains(a) a C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alcohol, a distillation residue which is obtainable in the preparation of alcohols having a relatively large number of carbon atoms by the oxo process or by the Ziegler process and which may furthermore be oxyalkylated and/or(b) a fatty acid ester of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 -carboxylic acid with a monohydric to trihydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alcohol and, if required,(c) a hydrocarbon having a boiling point above 200.degree. C. or a fatty acid of 12 to 22 carbon atoms,accounts for from 5 to 50% by weight of the emulsion and has a mean particle size of less than 25 .mu.m, and from 5 to 50% by weight of components (a) and (b) of the oil phase are replaced by(d) one or more compounds which melt at above 70.degree. C. and are selected from the group consisting of the fatty alcohols of not less than 28 carbon atoms, the esters of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The measuring arrangement consists of successive workstations which comprise a stock of paper samples, a balance, a mechanized moistening means for the sample and a blotting means, likewise mechanized, for the moistened sample. An industrial robot controllable by a program and equipped with a gripping apparatus is provided for carrying out the measurement. This arrangement determines the liquid absorbed by paper using the Cobb method and permits the measuring method to be carried out in a fully mechanized manner.

Abstract: Bismaleimide resins contain a bismaleimide of the formula ##STR1## where R and R' are each hydrogen, methyl or phenyl.

Abstract: A recording fluid for the ink jet process contains a water-miscible organic solvent and a dye of the formula ##STR1## where m is 0 or 1,D.sup.1 and D.sup.2 are each independently of the other the radical of a diazocomponent of the aniline series,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently of the other a radical having an external basic group.

Abstract: Aminomono- or di-[(poly-n-butoxy)-n-butylamino]-(poly-n-butoxy)-n-butylamines of the general formula IH.sub.2 N--[(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --NH].sub.y --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --NH.sub.2 (I)where x is from 1 to 150 and y is 1 or 2, are prepared by a process in which a hydroxy-(poly-n-butoxy)-butanol of the formula IIHO--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --OH (II)where x is from 1 to 150, is reacted with from 1.01 to 300 mole equivalents of ammonia per hydroxyl group in the presence of a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation catalyst and hydrogen at from 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and under from 20 to 400 bar.

Abstract: Double copper formazan reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen, hydroxylsulfonyl or chlorine; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or hydroxylsulfonyl; one of two radicals R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen and the other is hydroxylsulfonyl; Q is fluorine or chlorine; and X is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are identical or different and each is independently of the other hydrogen or unsubstituted or cyano- or hydroxyl-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and Y is hydroxyl or the radical NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 where R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are identical or different and each is independently of the other hydrogen or unsubstituted or cyano-, hydroxyl- or hydroxylsulfonyl-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, with the proviso that R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are not both hydrogen, or salts thereof are useful for dyeing and printing hydroxyl- or nitrogen-containing organic substrates.

Abstract: 1,2,4-Butanetriol is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of malic esters over a copper-containing catalyst by passing the esters over the fixed-bed catalyst at from 130.degree. to 190.degree. C. under hydrogen partial pressures of from 100 to 300 bar while substantially avoiding the formation of a gas phase.

Abstract: Serine-N,N-diacetic acid and derivatives thereof are prepared in various ways and used in particular as complexing agents, bleaching agent stabilizers and builders in detergents.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of linear thermoplastic polyesters comprises the following steps:(a) passing a transesterification or esterification product of an aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of <300 or an ester-forming derivative thereof with an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diol having a molecular weight of <250 which may additionally contain a poly(alkylene oxide) glycol having a molecular weight of 400 to 4000 at from 250.degree. to 360.degree. C. under a pressure of 0.5 to 20 mmHg downward in the course of a residence time of from 3 to 10 minutes through an essentially upright tubular precondensation zone equipped with internal fitments having a free surface area of from 0.3 to 1.5 m.sup.2 /l to form a precondensate and a vaporous diol having a molecular weight <250,(b) separating into a precondensate and vaporous diol and(c) further condensing the precondensate in the bottom phase at from 240.degree. to 290.degree. C. under a pressure of from 0.

Abstract: Diethers of m- or p-hydroxyphenol, as well as the monoethers, are prepared by reacting m- or p-tert.-butoxyphenol of the formula II ##STR1## with a halogen compound in the presence of a hydroxide, carbonate and/or bicarbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and an organic solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions, at from 20.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., and, if desired, reacting the resulting diether with a dilute aqueous inorganic acid at from 30.degree. to 100.degree. C. to give the monoether.The end products which can be prepared by the process according to the invention are useful starting materials for the preparation of dyes, drugs and crop protection agents.

Abstract: Water-borne printing ink compositions based on acrylic resins and maleated rosin modified polyamides are disclosed. The ink compositions are especially useful for printing onto plastic substrates.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers which contain a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as a blowing agent, an organic bromine compound as a flameproofing agent and small amounts of ammonium salt and of an organic amine give, on expansion, foams which have a particularly homogenous foam structure and a good heat insulation effect.

Abstract: A membrane of an organic polymer, which contains a crystalline carrier compound capable of selective transport of low molecular weight substances, and the preparation and use of the said membrane.

Abstract: Dien-1-ols of the general formula I ##STR1## where the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 are identical to or different from one another and each is hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1-12 carbon atoms and n is 1-14, are prepared by dehydrating a hydroxyalkenyl tert-butyl ether of the formula II ##STR2## in the presence of an acidic catalyst at elevated temperatures and essentially at the same time splitting off the tert-butyl protective group, as is 9-hydroxydodec-10-enyl 1-tert-butyl ether which is useful as an intermediate for synthesizing 8,10-dodecadienol.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula IR.sup.1 --CH.dbd.CH--R.sup.2 Iwhere R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sup.2 is alkoxy or acylamino, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together may form a heterocyclic ring, are prepared by elimination of the radical R.sup.3 OH from a compound of the formula II ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above meanings and R.sup.3 is alkyl, by a method in which the elimination is carried out by passing the compound of the formula II in a liquid or gaseous state into a high-boiling mineral oil above the boiling point of compound I being formed, compound I is taken off in gaseous form, and the high-boiling mineral oil enriched with by-products is removed and replaced with fresh mineral oil.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for producing cellular plastics by the polyisocyanate polyaddition process by reaction of(a) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates with(b) at least one high molecular compound with at least two reactive hydrogens and optionally(c) low molecular chain extenders and/or crosslinking agentsin the presence of(d) blowing agents(e) catalysts(f) additives and/or processing aids where low boiling fluorinated or perfluorinated hydrocarbons with 3 to 8 carbons that are insoluble or almost insoluble in (a) to (c), sulfur hexafluoride or mixtures thereof are used as blowing agent (d) which is emulsified in reaction components (a), (b), mixtures of (b) and (c) or (a) and (b) as well as stable blowing agent emulsion of the aforementioned blowing agents (d) reaction components (a), (b) or (b) and (c).

Abstract: Acid is removed from cathodic electrocoating baths by a process in which electroconductive sub-strates are coated with cationic resins present in the form of aqueous dispersions, at least a portion of the coating bath being subjected to an ultrafiltration where the ultrafiltration membrane retains the cationic resin to form an ultrafiltrate which contains water, solvent, low molecular weight substances and ions and at least a portion of the ultrafiltrate is recycled into the coating bath, and at least a portion of the ultrafiltrate is subjected to a special electrodialysis treatment before being returned into the electrocoating bath.

Abstract: Decorative, highly reflective, adherent coatings suitable for automotive finishes comprise a base coat layer and a top coat layer. The base coat layer comprises a film-forming agent, leafing aluminum flake and, optionally, one or more colored pigmenting agents. The top coat layer comprises a transparent film-forming agent and an acidic adhesion promoting agent effective to inhibit delamination of the coating system. Optionally an alkylamine/fatty ester stabilizing agent is added to the base coat composition to stabilize the composition against deleafing during storage.

Abstract: Novel 6-(acylaminoaryl)-3(2H)-pyridazinones of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, A and B have the meanings given in the description, and their preparation are described.[.and inhibiting thrombocyte aggregation and gastric secretion.]..The compounds are useful for treating disorders .Iadd.and inhibiting thrombocyte aggregation and gastric secretion.Iaddend..