Abstract: A .beta.-copper phthalocyanine pigment which consists, to the extent of more than 50% by weight, of flakes which are not less than 10 .mu.m long and 3 .mu.m wide, the length:width ratio being not less than 3.3:1, and which has a reflection maximum between 610 and 640 nm and another between 710 and 740 nm.In surface coatings and printing inks the pigment gives optical effects resembling those of metallic pigments. In a baking finish, reddish brown to bluish gray colorations with a metallic reflectance are obtained.

Abstract: Maleic anhydride copolymer powders are prepared by a process wherein a solution or dispersion of maleic anhydride in an alkyl vinyl ether and/or an alkene, containing from 3 to 25 moles of the alkyl vinyl ether and/or alkene per mole of maleic anhydride, is brought into contact with a powder bed under polymerization conditions, and is polymerized in the bed while the reaction mass is circulated and the powder state is maintained, and the heat generated during polymerization is removed by evaporating excess monomer which boils lower than maleic anhydride.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of acetic acid esters CH.sub.3 --CO--O--R.sup.1 (I, R.sup.1 =an organic radical other than methyl and ethyl) by alkali-catalyzed trans-esterification of an acetic acid ester CH.sub.3 --CO--O--R.sup.2 (II, R.sup.2 =methyl or ethyl) with an alcohol R.sup.1 --OH (III), accompanied by elimination of the alcohol R.sup.2 --OH (IV), wherein(a) the trans-esterification reaction is carried out in the middle section K.sub.M of a distillation column K, the alcohol III being fed as liquid into the upper zone and the ester II into the lower zone of K.sub.M,(b) the alkaline catalyst is introduced into the upper part K.sub.U of K,(c) the alcohol IV, or a mixture of IV and the ester II, is taken off the top of the column,(d) the mixture obtained from (c) (unless the alcohol IV alone is obtained) is separated in the column section K.sub.U or in a stripper column K.sub.S into IV and the azeotrope of II and IV, and the latter is recycled to the lower zone of K.sub.

Abstract: A process for drying finely divided pigments contained in a press cake or a suspension, wherein a mixture of the pigment and a liquid whose critical temperature is below the decomposition temperature of the pigment is heated under pressure to above the critical temperature of the liquid and is then released while keeping the temperature above the dew line of the liquid. The process gives fine pigments powders which are easily dispersible in the media in which pigments are used, and which produce deep, brilliant colorations.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phthalic anhydride (PA) of catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or o-xylene with air, a preheated mixture of air and naphthalene or o-xylene being passed into a reactor charged with the catalyst, and the reaction gas leaving the reactor being passed through a separator in which the PA is separated out as a solid, in which process the air fed to the reactor is preheated, before or after the admixture of naphthalene or of o-xylene, by using it to cool the reaction gas in the PA separator.

Abstract: Particulate styrene polymers which contain a blowing agent and are surface-coated with from 0.05 to 1% by weight of an ester. The coating agent is a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester, or an ester of a carboxylic acid with an oxyalkylated alcohol; tristearyl citrate is a preferred ester.The styrene polymers can be used to produce foam moldings, with short mold dwell times and good welding of the foam particles.

Abstract: Hydrophobic synthetic fabrics dyed in deep shades utilizing disperse dyes can be improved in solvent bleeding properties by subjecting the dyed fabric to treatment comprising exposure to an aqueous alkaline solution at elevated temperatures prior to the usual heat setting of the dyed fabric. The process is particularly useful for polyester fabrics derived from aromatic polyesters.

Abstract: Novel phosphoric acid esters of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkoxy of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms or phenyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl of a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, alkoxy or alkylthio of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms, or alkylamino or dialkylamino, each alkyl being of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is methyl, ethyl, hydrogen or chlorine, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are phenyl or alkyl of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms, or are, together with the nitrogen atom, a 5- to 7-membered heterocycle, and X is oxygen or sulfur, with the proviso that R.sup.1 is not phenyl when R.sup.2 is alkyl. The compounds are suitable for combating pests.

Abstract: The surface character of flexible materials is examined by means of interference fields which are formed by reflection of light beams from a reflecting reference surface and from the adjoining surface to be examined, and subsequent super-position of the partial beams thereby formed. The interference field which corresponds to the surface profile standing out from the reference surface is utilized to determine the length and height of the surface profile, with the aid of the interference band spacings and the wavelength of the incident light.

Abstract: Novel 1,3-dioxan-5-yl-alkenyltriazoles of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Ar is furanyl, thienyl, biphenylyl or naphthyl, or is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl, each of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, nitro, trifluoromethyl or phenoxy, and X is C.dbd.O, --CH(OH)-- or --CH(O--COR.sup.3)--, where R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or halogen- or alkoxy-substituted alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms or aryl, their salts and metal complexes, and their preparation. The novel compounds are plant growth regulators.

Abstract: The use of alkyl acrylate in the preparation of the soft component of impact-resistant polystyrene based on polystyrene-grafted butadiene mixed with polyphenylene ether reduces the dust attraction of moldings prepared from this type of mixture.

Abstract: A magazine for magnetic tape cassettes, comprising a trough which is U-shaped in cross section and open at the ends, and which possesses a plurality of transverse ribs on the bottom, between which ribs the cassettes are accommodated, the side members of the trough being provided with resilient strips for firmly holding the cassettes.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyurethane foams modified with melamine-formaldehyde precondensates, in which the precondensates employed are storage-stable, aqueous 40-85% strength by weight resin solutions which are obtained by condensing melamine with formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:1.1-1.75 in aqueous solution at a pH which, at least periodically, is above 8, and at from 60 to 130.degree. C., until one part by volume of resin solution can be diluted with from 0.5 to 4 parts by volume of water at 20.degree. C. without causing a persisting cloudiness.

Abstract: A cross linked graft polyester comprising the reaction product of a mixture of a polyunsaturated vinyl monomer with an acidic monovinyl monomer having at least one carboxyl group with an unsaturated polyester.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of acicular ferrimagnetic iron oxide by heating iron(III) oxide or iron(III) oxide hydroxide at 220.degree.-460.degree. C. under a water vapor partial pressure of not less than 30 mbar, reducing the resulting product to magnetite by means of hydrogen and/or CO and/or an organic compound which can decompose in the presence of iron oxide, and then oxidizing the magnetite with an oxygen-containing gas to give acicular ferrimagnetic iron oxide of the formula FeO.sub.X, where X is from 1.33 to 1.50.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of homopolymers and copolymers of .alpha.-monoolefins by polymerizing the monomer or monomers with a Ziegler catalyst system comprising (1) a titanium-containing catalyst component and (2) a relevant conventional organo-aluminum compound, (1.1) the catalyst component (1) having been prepared by (1.1.1) milling a titanium compound (I) of the formula TiCl.sub.3.z(AlCl.sub.3) or Cl.sub.m Ti(OB).sub.4-m, where z is from 0 to 0.5, m is from 0 to 3 and B is alkyl, together with (1.1.2) a magnesium alcoholate (II) and, if desired, (1.1.3) a metal chloride (III) of the formula AlCl.sub.3, ZnCl.sub.2 or MnCl.sub.2, to form a milled product (IV), in which polymerization process a catalyst component (1) is employed, in the preparation of which (1.2) the milled product (IV) obtained according to (1.1) is brought together, in an additional step (1.2.1), with (1.2.2) an alkanol (V) and (1.2.3) a liquid alkane (VI), to form a suspension (VII), and thereafter (1.

Abstract: Azo compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein D is a radical of the formula: ##STR2## where Y.sup.1 is acylamino, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, nitro, cyano, carboxylic acid or ester, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, methylsulfonyl, and substituted or substituted carbamyl or sulfamyl, phenylcarbonyl, naphthylcarbonyl, pyridylcarbonyl, oxodiazolyl, quinazolonyl phthalazinonyl, phenylazo, naphthylazo, or pyridylazo,Y.sup.2 is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine,Y.sup.4 is hydrogen or chlorine,and wherein D is free from complex forming hydroxy or carboxy; R is hydrogen, phenyl, naphthyl or pyridyl and X is alkyl or a carboxylic acid alkyl ester, or is phenyl, naphthyl or pyridyl, or acylamino, can be used as pigments for coloring surface coatings, printing inks or plastics.

Abstract: Reaction of monohydroxy-fatty acids of the formulaCH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --CHOH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOHwhere m is an integer from 4 to 9 and n is an integer from 6 to 11, with from 12 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, the products thus obtained, and their use as solubilizers.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R is C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -alkyl and A is a polyalkylene oxide radical composed of from 4 to 30 alkylene oxide units, of which from 100 to 60 mole % are ethylene oxide units and from 0 to 40 mole % are 1,2-propylene oxide units or 1,2-butylene oxide units or a mixture of these.

Abstract: In an apparatus for heating preshapes consisting of a thermoplastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic, the preshape is fed, by a conveyor belt, to a heating apparatus equipped with bright infra-red radiators. To provide time-dependent metering of the thermal energy, the installation possesses an electronic control unit, equipped with a microprocessor, which unit generates a periodically increasing and decreasing electrical signal voltage, whose time-curve and amplitude can be varied in accordance with the heat uptake capacity of the preshape. The signal voltage additionally controls a feed unit, which in turn feeds to the heating apparatus, by means of a phase control system, a periodic electric current which in its time-curve and amplitude corresponds to the pre-programmed signal voltage.