Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for solar thermal energy production in which switching between daytime and nighttime operation is possible, and also to a device for solar thermal energy production. The present invention relates, in particular, to the use of the process and of the device for producing drinking water or service water.

Abstract: The process of the present invention concerns manufacturing paper and paperboard employing two polymeric retention aids. These two polymeric retention aids should be added to the low consistency suspension, often referred to as the thin stock. The first polymeric retention aid is a water-soluble cationic polymer exhibiting an intrinsic viscosity of at least 6 dl/g. The second polymeric retention aid is a water-soluble cationic polymer exhibiting an intrinsic viscosity of between 4 and 9 dl/g. The cationic charge density of the second polymeric retention aid should be higher than that of the first polymeric retention aid. The process is particularly suitable for the manufacture of fine paper or multiply packaging paper which often contains filler.

Abstract: A method for coating a metallic surface by contacting it with an aqueous copolymer dispersion, wherein the aqueous copolymer dispersion comprises an effective amount of magnesium ions and phosphate or phosphonate ions, the copolymers present in the dispersion being constructed from the following components: (A) from 20 to 95 weight % of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons and/or hydrocarbons having two conjugated double bonds, (B) from 5 to 80 weight % of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acid groups, and/or anhydrides or salts thereof. Further provided are metallic surfaces coated with such copolymers, and the use of such aqueous copolymer dispersions to coat metallic surfaces.

Abstract: Electrode structures and electrochemical cells are provided. The electrode structures and/or electrochemical cells described herein may include one or more protective layers comprising a polymer layer and/or a gel polymer electrolyte layer. The polymer layer may be formed from the copolymerization of an olefinic monomer comprising at least one electron withdrawing group and an olefinic comonomer comprising at least one electron donating group. Methods for forming polymer layers are also provided.

Abstract: Cured epoxy resins are widespread on account of their outstanding mechanical and chemical properties. It is common to use epoxy resins based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether or bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, but for many sectors these are problematic because of their endocrine effect. The present invention relates to 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol diglycidyl ether derivates and to curable epoxy resin compositions based thereon, as alternatives to the bisphenol A or bisphenol F diglycidyl ethers and to the epoxy resin compositions based thereon.

Abstract: Electrode structures and electrochemical cells are provided. The electrode structures and/or electrochemical cells described herein may include one or more protective layers comprising a polymer layer and/or a gel polymer electrolyte layer. The polymer layer may be formed from the copolymerization of an olefinic monomer comprising at least one electron withdrawing group and an olefinic comonomer comprising at least one electron donating group. Methods for forming polymer layers are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product from a feed mixture, which process comprises the steps of: (i) purifying the feed mixture in a first separation step in a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain an intermediate product; and (ii) purifying the intermediate product obtained in (i) in a second separation step using a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain the PUFA product; wherein (a) the first and second separation steps are carried out sequentially on the same chromatography apparatus, the intermediate product being recovered between the first and second separation steps and the process conditions in the chromatography apparatus being adjusted between the first an

Abstract: The present invention relates to bacterial strains, capable of utilizing glycerol as a carbon source for the fermentative production of succinic acid, wherein said strains are genetically modified so that they comprise a deregulation of their endogenous pyruvate-formate-lyase enzyme activity, as well as to methods of producing organic acids, in particular succinic acid, by making use of such microorganism. The present invention also relates to the downstream processing of the produced organic acids by cation exchange chromatography.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of a biodegradable polyester, where a mixture of aliphatic dihydroxy compounds, aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their liquid esters, and, optionally, further comonomers is mixed, without addition of a catalyst, to give a paste, and i) this mixture with at least a portion of the catalyst, is continuously esterified or, transesterified; ii) the transesterification or, esterification product obtained in i) is continuously precondensed with any remaining amount of catalyst to an intrinsic viscosity of from 20 to 70 cm3/g; iii) the product obtainable from ii) is continuously polycondensed to an intrinsic viscosity of from 60 to 170 cm3/g, and iv) the product obtainable from iii) is reacted continuously with a chain extender in a polyaddition reaction to an intrinsic viscosity of from 150 to 320 cm3/g. The invention further relates to biodegradable polyesters obtained_by this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for parallel preparation of hydrogen and one or more carbonaceous products, in which hydrocarbons are introduced into a reaction space (R) and decomposed thermally to carbon and hydrogen in the presence of carbon-rich pellets (W). It is a feature of the invention that at least a portion of the thermal energy required for the hydrocarbon decomposition is introduced into the reaction space (R) by means of a gaseous heat carrier.

Abstract: Solid catalyst components for use in olefin polymerization, olefin polymerization catalyst systems containing the solid catalyst components, methods of making the solid catalyst components and the catalyst systems, and methods of polymerizing and copolymerizing olefins involving the use of the catalyst systems. The solid catalyst components are formed by (a) dissolving a magnesium compound and an auxiliary intermediate electron donor in at least one first solvent to form a solution; (b) contacting a first titanium compound with said solution to form a precipitate of the magnesium compound and the first titanium compound; (c) washing the precipitate with a mixture of a second titanium compound and at least one second solvent and optionally an electron donor at a temperature of up to 90° C.; and (d) treating the precipitate with a mixture of a third titanium compound and at least one third solvent at 90-150° C. to form a solid catalyst component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for hydrocarbon conversion in the presence of an acidic ionic liquid. The hydrocarbon conversion is preferably an isomerization, especially an isomerization of methylcyclopentane (MOP) to cyclohexane. Prior to the hydrocarbon conversion, a hydrogenation is performed, preference being given to hydrogenating benzene to cyclohexane. The cyclohexane obtained in the hydrogenation and/or isomerization is preferably isolated from the process. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogenation is followed and the hydrocarbon conversion, especially the isomerization, is preceded by distillative removal of low boilers, especially C5-C6-alkanes such as cyclopentane or isohexanes, from the hydrocarbon mixture used for hydrocarbon conversion.

Abstract: Dislcosed are scratch resistant polypropylene molded parts comprising a) a polypropylene substrate and incorporated therein a combination of b) an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic reagent functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer, c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide and d) a nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, 2,2?-methylene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, zinc glycerolate, calcium salt of 1,2-dicarboxylic acid cyclohexane and sodium salt of 1,2-dicarboxylic acid norbornane. Also disclosed is a method for providing scratch resistance to a polypropylene molded part by incorporating said additives. The polypropylene substrate is for instance polypropylene homopolymer or thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO). Component b) is for instance maleated polypropylene or the reaction product of an alpha-olefin and maleic anhydride. The fatty acid amide is for instance stearyl erucamide or oleyl palmitamide. The molded parts are suitable for automotive parts.

Abstract: Use of a tertiary hydrocarbyl amine with C1- to C20-hydrocarbyl residues, the overall number of carbon atoms not exceeding 30, as an additive in gasoline for reducing injector nozzle fouling and modifying friction in direct injection spark ignition engines. A fuel additive composition essentially comprising nitrogen-containing dispersants, carrier oils, the above tertiary hydrocarbyl amines and optionally further friction modifiers. A fuel composition comprising a major amount of gasoline and a minor amount of the above fuel additive composition.

Abstract: Rapidly disintegrating, solid coated dosage form comprising a solid core consisting of at least 60% by weight of an auxiliary mixture, up to 40% by weight of at least one active ingredient, and optionally further auxiliaries, coated with at least one film coating comprising completely or partially hydrolyzed, rapidly water-soluble polyether-vinyl ester graft polymers, methods for the production thereof, and their use.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copper containing zeolitic material having CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n YO2):X203 wherein X is a trivalent element, preferably Al, Y is a tetravalent element, preferably Si, and wherein n is preferably at least 20. The process comprising the preparation of an phosphor-free aqueous solution containing at least one source for X203 and at least one source for YO2, at least one structure directing agent suitable for the preparation of a zeolitic material having CHA framework structure, and at least one Cu source, and the process further comprising the hydrothermal crystallization of said aqueous solution obtaining a suspension containing the copper containing zeolitic material having CHA framework structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biocatalytic method of preparing a mono-acylated polyol catalyzed by triacylglycerol lipase mutants, as for example derived from Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB); a biocatalytic method of enantioselectively preparing an asymmetric mono-acylated polyol, catalyzed by the same enzyme mutants; as well as the use of a mutated triacylglycerol lipase in a method of preparing mono-acylated polyols. The invention also provides novel mutants, coding sequences thereof, and recombinant microorganisms carrying said coding sequences.

Abstract: Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions capable of protecting negative electrode materials such as lithium metal and carbonaceous materials in energy storage electrochemical cells (e.g., lithium metal batteries, lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors) include an electrolyte salt, a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent mixture, an unsaturated organic compound 4-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one or 4,5-dimethylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, and other optional additives. The 1,3-dioxolan-2-ones help to form a good solid electrolyte interface on the negative electrode surface.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for purifying a chlorine supply that includes a chlorine component, a bromine component, and nitrogen trichloride. The method includes the steps of introducing the chlorine supply into a vaporizer, heating the chlorine supply in the vaporizer to form a vapor, and introducing the vapor into a distillation system to provide purified chlorine gas, a distillate that includes liquid chlorine and the bromine component, and a bottoms component including the nitrogen trichloride. The method also includes the steps of condensing the vapor in a reflux condenser, heating the condensate in a reboiler, removing the purified chlorine gas from the distillation system, and removing the distillate from the distillation system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polyazoles, a proton-conducting polymer membrane based on these polyazoles and its use as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) for producing membrane-electrode units for PEM-fuel cells, and also other shaped bodies comprising such polyazoles.