Abstract: The present invention pertains to the field of toxicological assessments for risk stratification of chemical compounds. Specifically, it relates to a method for diagnosing liver toxicity. It also relates to a method of determining whether a compound is capable of inducing such liver toxicity in a subject and to a method of identifying a drug for treating liver toxicity. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a data collection comprising characteristic values of at least five metabolites, a data storage medium comprising said data collection, and a system and a device for diagnosing liver toxicity. Finally, the present invention pertains to the use of a group of metabolites or means for the determination thereof for the manufacture of a diagnostic device or composition for diagnosing liver toxicity in a subject. For each sex, a different metabolome pattern, i.e. a different set of analytes is disclosed.

Abstract: A shell-and-tube reactor is disclosed. Contact tubes are disposed within a cylindrical housing and are secured to tube plates. Gas and liquid phases are received via a feed opening in a lower end cap and discharged via an upper end cap in the housing. A distributor device for a gas phase/liquid phase mixture is disposed below the lowermost tube plate. The distributor device includes a distributor plate and a predistributor. The distributor plate is arranged horizontally within the housing and includes an active area having through-openings and a downward-extending margin, but does not extend over the entire cross section of the housing. The predistributor includes a second distributor plate disposed between the feed opening and the first distributor plate, wherein the second distributor plate includes a second active area with second through-openings and a second downward-extending margin.

Abstract: A process for charging a longitudinal section of a catalyst tube with a homogeneous fixed catalyst bed section whose active composition is at least one multielement oxide or comprises elemental silver on an oxidic support body and whose geometric shaped catalyst bodies and shaped inert bodies have a specific inhomogeneity of their longest dimensions.

Abstract: A process for mineral oil production by means of Winsor Type III microemulsion flooding and an aqueous surfactant formulation are disclosed. The aqueous surfactant formulation containing at least one ionic surfactant of the general formula R1—O—(CH2C(CH3)HO)m(CH2CH2O)n—XY?M+ is injected through injection boreholes into a mineral oil deposit, and crude oil is withdrawn from the deposit through production boreholes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of regenerating a ruthenium catalyst for the hydrogenation of phthalates, which comprises flushing the catalyst with inert gas in a regeneration step until the original activity or part of the original activity has been attained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures comprising as active components 1) at least one isoxazoline compound I of the formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and A are defined as in the description; and 2) at least one fungicidal compounds II selected from azoles, strobilurins, carboxamides, carbamates, heterocyclic and various other compounds as defined in the description, in synergistically effective amounts. The invention relates further to methods and use of these mixtures for combating insects, arachnids or nematodes and harmful fungis in and on plants, and for protecting such plants being infested with pests, especially also for protecting seeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel enzymatically catalyzed method for the production of asymmetric aromatic aldehydes in an aqueous reaction medium containing certain organic co-solvents.

Abstract: Use of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone with an average particle size of 5-60 ?m and a hydration capacity of greater than 7 g/g as tablet disintegrant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an instant enzyme formulation; instant enzyme formulations obtainable by this process and feedstuff compositions prepared using instant enzyme formulations of the invention.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by separate addition of a water-soluble cationic polymer and of an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble polymer having a content of acid groups of not more than 10 mol % or of an aqueous dispersion of a nonionic polymer, which dispersion has been made anionic, to a paper stock, draining of the paper stock and drying of the paper products. Preferably, the polymers are added to a paper stock which has a temperature of at least 40° C.

Abstract: Poly(5,5?-bis(thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[2,1-b;3,4-b?]dithiophene) comprising as repeating units the group of the formula (I) wherein R is independently selected from a) a C1-20 alkyl group, b) a C2-20 alkenyl group, c) a C2-20 alkynyl group, d) a C1-20 alkoxy group, e) a —Y—C3-10 cycloalkyl group, f) a —Y—C6-14 aryl group, g) a —Y-3-12 membered cycloheteroalkyl group, or h) a —Y-5-14 membered heteroaryl group, wherein each of the C1-20 alkyl group, the C2-20 alkenyl group, the C2-20 alkynyl group, the C3-10 cycloalkyl group, the C6-14 aryl group, the 3-12 membered cycloheteroalkyl group, and the 5-14 membered heteroaryl group is optionally substituted with 1-4 R1 groups, R1 is independently selected from a) a S(O)m—C1-20 alkyl group, b) a S(O)m—OC1-20 alkyl group, c) a S(O)m—OC6-14 aryl group, d) a C(O)—OC1-20 alkyl group, e) a C(O)—OC6-14 aryl group, f) a C1-20 alkyl group, g) a C2-20 alkenyl group, h) a C2-20 alkynyl group, i) a C1-20 alkoxy group, j) a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, k) a C6-14 aryl group, l) a 3-12 me

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for preparing condensation resins, constructed formally from urea, formaldehyde, and CH-acidic aldehydes.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the field of reaction systems generating malodour, particularly from constituents of human sweat. Specifically, the invention pertains to proteins for generating malodours, substrates for generating such malodour, inhibitors of such malodour generation and test and screening systems for measuring their malodour inhibition efficacy and finding substances previously not known to inhibit malodour generation. Thus, the invention also pertains to the field of deodorants.

Abstract: A process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads by polymerizing droplets comprising at least one monomer in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, the droplets being obtained by enveloping a first monomer solution with a second monomer solution and polymerizing the second monomer solution and polymerizing to give a more highly crosslinked polymer than the first monomer solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid composition containing a polyorganosiloxane, a larvicide, which contains temephos, spinozad, dinetofuran, methopren, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, or Bacillus sphaericus, and at least 10 wt % of a water-immiscible synthetic organic solvent. It also relates to a method for preparing said composition comprising mixing the polyorganosiloxane, the larvicide, and optionally the further components; and to a method for controlling insects, wherein the said composition is applied on a water surface.

Abstract: Use of a tertiary hydrocarbyl amine with C1- to C20-hydrocarbyl residues, the overall number of carbon atoms not exceeding 30, as an additive in gasoline for reducing injector nozzle fouling in direct injection spark ignition engines. A fuel additive composition essentially comprising nitrogen-containing dispersants, carrier oils, the above tertiary hydrocarbyl amines and optionally friction modifiers. A fuel composition comprising a major amount of gasoline and a minor amount of the above fuel additive composition.

Abstract: Use of a reaction product of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic mono- or polycarboxylic acids with aliphatic polyamines for improving or boosting the separation of water from fuel oils which comprise additives with detergent action. A Fuel additive concentrate comprising the said reaction product, certain additives with detergent action and optionally dehazers, cetane number improvers and solvents or diluents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing difluoromethyl-substituted pyrazol-4-ylcarboxylic acids and their esters, 2-(aminomethylidene)-4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutteric esters of the formula (I) in which R1, R2 and R3 independently of one another are C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-haloalkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl or benzyl or NR2R3 is a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic radical, to a process for preparing compounds of the formula (I) wherein an appropriate 3-aminoacrylic ester is reacted with difluoroacetyl fluoride and to the use of compounds of the formula (I) in the process for preparing difluoromethyl-substituted pyrazol-4-ylcarboxylic acids and their esters.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of generating or increasing a pathogen resistance in plants by reducing the expression of at least one subtilisin polypeptide or a functional equivalent thereof. The invention relates to novel nucleic acid sequences coding for a Hordeum vulgare subtilisin (HvRNR9) and Triticum aestivum subtilisin (TaRNR9) polynucleotide and describes homologous sequences (RNR9) thereof, and to their use in methods for obtaining a pathogen resistance in plants, and to nucleic acid constructs, expression cassettes and vectors which comprise these sequences and which are suitable for mediating a fungal resistance in plants. The invention furthermore relates to transgenic organisms, in particular plants, which are transformed with these expression cassettes or vectors, and to cultures, parts or transgenic propagation material derived therefrom.

Abstract: Polymer emulsion formulations suitable for use as binders or in coating systems generally are provided. The formulations comprise a copolymer derived from one or more vinyl ester monomers of the formula I, one or more copolymerizable surfactants of formula II, and optionally one or more additional co-monomers. Gypsum boards, methods of making gypsum boards, and methods of making the copolymer are also disclosed.