Abstract: A plant substrate consisting of (a) 25 to 100% by weight of an open-celled melamine/formaldehyde foam, (b) 0 to 75% by weight of other synthetic plant substrates and/or mineral soil and (c) 0 to 25% by weight of one or more systems for releasing active substances and/or of other additives, can be stored and transported in the absence of any water and makes possible a good aeration in the soil.

Abstract: A metal glycol-based hydraulic fluid having vapor phase corrosion inhibition properties is disclosed. The hydraulic fluid can be used in food related applications.

Abstract: Azolopyrimidines of the formula I in which the symbols are each defined as specified in the description are suitable for controlling phytopathogenic harmful fungi.

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersion having a solids content greater than 50% by weight, obtainable by emulsion polymerization of monomers in the presence of organic polymers (organic particles for short) which are dispersible in the aqueous phase without surface-active assistants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a coated textile, which comprises treating a textile substrate, without prior application of a primer, with an aqueous liquor comprising (A) at least one solid in particulate form having an average particle diameter in the range from 1 to 500 nm, (B) at least one hydrophobic polymer, (C) at least one condensation product of at least one amino-containing compound and at least one aldehyde or dialdehyde and if appropriate of at least one alcohol.

Abstract: Film-forming materials include resins having a covalently bonded phosphorous atom, the phosphorous atom having at least one covalently bonded oxygen atom. Film-forming resins containing phosphorous can include epoxy, acrylic, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, polyvinyl, polyether, aminoplast, and polyester resins. A process to produce a film-forming resin includes reacting various polymers to incorporate a pendent group comprising a covalently bonded phosphorous atom.

Abstract: A cleaning composition comprises a first surfactant and a second surfactant. The first surfactant is of the general formula R1—O-(A)mH, wherein R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 10 to 16 carbon atoms, A is an alkyleneoxy group, and subscript m is a positive number. The second surfactant is of the general formula R2—O—(B)nH, wherein R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms, B is an alkyleneoxy group, and subscript n is a positive number. The cleaning composition has an average degree of alkoxylation of from about 3 to about 8 moles and an excess of the first surfactant relative to said second surfactant. The cleaning composition can further comprise a third surfactant in addition to the first and second surfactants. If employed, the third surfactant typically can comprise a linear alkyl sulfonate (LAS) and/or an alkyl ether sulfate (AES).

Abstract: The use of water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers obtainable by reaction of (a) polyalkylenepolyamines, polyamidoamines or ethyleneimine-grafted polyamidoamines or mixtures thereof, (b) if desired at least bifunctional crosslinkers and (c) monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, salts, esters, amides or nitriles of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, chlorocarboxylic acids and/or glycidyl compounds, said component (a) having an average molecular weight Mw in the range from 20 000 to 2 000 000 and the molar ratio of the hydrogen atoms on the nitrogen in said component (a) to said component (b) being in the range from 1:0.7 to 1:0.9, as a laundry detergent additive.

Abstract: A process is described for hydrocyanating 1,3-butadiene over at least one nickel(0) complex having phosphorus ligands as a catalyst, wherein the 1,3-butadiene is used in a mixture with n-butane and the mixture contains from 60 to 90% by volume of 1,3-butadiene and from 40 to 10% by volume of n-butane.

Abstract: A resin composition and an article formed therefrom are disclosed. The resin composition comprises a halogenated polyol, a brominated polyol different from the halogenated polyol, and a flame retardant. The resin composition may further comprise other components, such as supplemental polyols, catalysts, adhesion promoters, surfactants, blowing agents, additives, or combinations thereof. The article comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate, the halogenated polyol, and the brominated polyol in the presence of the flame retardant, a blowing agent, and optionally, one of more of the other components. Typically, the article is defined as a polyurethane foam. The article exceeds Class I flammability requirements, such as flame spread index, smoke density, and convective flame spread parameter according to ASTM E-84 and FM 4880 testing.

Abstract: Processes for preparing tri- and tetraoxymethylene glycol dimethyl ether (POMDMEn=3,4) include feeding a reaction mixture of an aqueous formaldehyde solution and methanol into a reactive evaporator and separating into a first low boiler fraction and a first high boiler fraction, recycling the first high boiler fraction into the reactor, feeding the first low boiler fraction into a first distillation column and separating into a second low boiler fraction and a second high boiler fraction, recycling the second high boiler fraction into the reactive evaporator, feeding the second low boiler fraction into a second distillation column and separating into a third low boiler fraction and a third high boiler fraction, feeding the third high boiler fraction into a phase separation apparatus and separating into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, and feeding the organic phase into a third distillation column and separating into a low and high boiler fractions.

Abstract: A trap for catching woodland, garden, and agricultural insect pests, consisting of a catching part (37) with an outlet opening, and a container (31) for storing caught pests, has a device for separating the captured pests from water and small debris. The device for separating the captured pests from water and small debris is placed between the outlet opening of the catching part and the container. The device for separating the caught pests from water and small debris has a shape of a funnel (135) having a funnel inlet covered up by a mesh (32) and an funnel outlet (36) situated outside of the container (31) for storing the caught pests. The funnel inlet is placed below the outlet opening of the catching part (37).

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I (variables defined herein) and processes for making compounds including 2,6 -naphthyl radicals are provided. Polymerizable or nonpolymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions including one or more compounds including 2,6 -naphthyl radicals, and products and processes employing such compositions, are also provided.

Abstract: Process for distillatively separating a mixture containing a vinyl ether of the general formula (I) R1—O—CH?CH2??(I) and alcohol of the general formula (II) R2—OH??(II) in which R1 and R2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and in which the alcohol (II) has a boiling point which is at least 1° C. higher, measured at or extrapolated to 0.1 MPa abs, than the vinyl ether (I), by a) passing the mixture into a first distillation column and withdrawing, as a top product, an azeotrope containing vinyl ether (I) and alcohol (II) and, as a bottom product, a stream enriched with the alcohol (II); b) passing the azeotrope containing vinyl ether (I) and alcohol (II) from the first distillation column into a second distillation column which is operated at a pressure which is from 0.

Abstract: A method of forming a polyethercarbonate polyol enhances incorporation of CO2 into the polyethercarbonate polyol. The method provides a catalyst including a multimetal cyanide compound. An H-functional initiator, an alkylene oxide, and CO2 are reacted in the presence of the multimetal cyanide compound in a reactor. The method further provides a CO2-philic compound or a CO2-philic substituent. The CO2-philic compound and substituent enhance incorporation of the CO2 into the polyethercarbonate polyol and reduce formation of cyclic alkylene carbonates, such as cyclic propylene carbonate, which are undesirable byproducts.

Abstract: A composition and method of controlling a fire are disclosed. The composition contains a superabsorbent polymer, a colorant, an opacifying agent, and water. The method includes a step of applying the composition to a combustible object, either before or after initiation of combustion. The composition and method are especially useful for application to vegetation or foliage to prevent, retard, suppress, and/or extinguish forest fires and wildfires.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic molding compositions, comprising A) from 35 to 95% by weight of at least one graft copolymer A), which is obtainable via reaction of A1) from 5 to 95% by weight of a polymer A1), which is obtained from at least one dicarboxylic anhydride a11) and from at least one vinylaromatic comonomer a12), and A2) from 5 to 95% by weight of a polyamide A2), B) from 5 to 40% by weight of at least one ungrafted or grafted, non-particulate rubber without core-shell structure B), which has functional groups which can react with the end groups of component A), C) from 0 to 50% by weight of at least one particulate or fibrous filler or particulate or fibrous reinforcing material C), D) from 0 to 60% by weight of at least one copolymer D) composed of vinyl aromatic monomers d1) and of comonomers d2), and E) from 0 to 40% by weight of at least one other additive E), where the entirety of components A) to E) gives 100% by weight, and also to processes for preparation of the thermoplasti

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing low-by-product, light-color methylglycine-N,N-diacetic acid tri(alkali metal) salt by alkaline hydrolysis of methylglycinediacetonitrile (MGDN), comprising the steps in the sequence (a) to (f): (a) mixing of MGDN with aqueous alkali at a temperature of ?30° C.; (b) allowing the aqueous alkaline MGDN suspension to react at a temperature in the range from 10 to 30° C. over a period of from 0.1 to 10 h to form a solution; (c) allowing the solution from step (b) to react at a temperature in the range from 30 to 40° C. over a period of from 0.1 to 10 h; (d) optionally allowing the solution from step (c) to react at a temperature in the range from 50 to 80° C. over a period of from 0.5 to 2 h; (e) optionally allowing the solution from step (c) or (d) to react at a temperature in the range from 110 to 200° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing aromatic amines by catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding nitro compound in a fluidized-bed reactor, in which a gaseous reaction mixture comprising the nitro compound and hydrogen flows from the bottom upward through a heterogeneous particulate catalyst forming a fluidized bed, wherein the fluidized bed is provided with internals which divide the fluidized bed into a plurality of cells arranged horizontally in the fluidized-bed reactor and a plurality of cells arranged vertically in the fluidized-bed reactor, with the cells having cell walls which are permeable to gas and have openings which ensure an exchange number of the heterogeneous, particulate catalyst in the vertical direction in the range from 1 to 100 liters/hour per liter of reactor volume, is proposed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing polyether carbonate polyols by addition of alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide onto H-functional starter substances using DMC catalysts, wherein one or more starter substances are initially placed in the reactor and one or more starter substances are metered continuously into the reactor during the reaction.