Abstract: A granular coating feedstock is prepared by melting a resin, which can be a solid, polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer or epoxy-based resin, and a solid or viscous curing agent, blending the molten mass, and cooling to form a solid. The solid blend of resin and agent is ground to produce a granular coating feedstock. The feedstock is readily storable or shippable to a location for coating preparation. Alternatively the feedstock can be ground after shipping. An aqueous coating composition is made by dispersing the feedstock in water and mixing to form a dispersion. A salting agent and at least one additive can be added to form an aqueous coating composition. An article can be coated with the dispersion, for example, by electrodeposition.

Abstract: Water-dispersible, high-functionality, highly branched or hyperbranched polyisocyanates, process for preparing them and their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of depositing nanowires on the surface of a substrate, comprising the steps of: contacting defined regions of the substrate with at least one compound (C1) capable of binding to the surface of the substrate and of binding the nanowires to provide a pattern of binding sites on the surface of the substrate and/or contacting defined regions of the substrate with at least one compound (C2) capable of binding to the surface of the substrate and preventing the binding of nanowires to provide a pattern of non-binding sites on the surface of the substrate, and contacting the surface of the substrate with a suspension of nanowires in a liquid medium to enable at least a portion of the applied nanowires to bind to at least a portion of the surface of the substrate covered with (C1) and/or not covered with (C2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleic acid sequences for regulating the transcription and expression of genes, the novel promoters and expression units themselves, methods for altering or causing the transcription rate and/or expression rate of genes, expression cassettes comprising the expression units, genetically modified microorganisms with altered or caused transcription rate and/or expression rate, and methods for preparing biosynthetic products by cultivating the genetically modified microorganisms.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of leather comprises the following process steps: (a) Application of at least one cationic or amphoteric aqueous treatment composition to leather by roll coating and/or roll application and/or spray application, and subsequently (b) treatment of the leather with an anionic leather treatment composition in a drum.

Abstract: Aqueous coating materials comprising a) particles having an average size ?10 nm and ?500 nm composed of addition polymer and finely divided inorganic solid (composite particles) and b) at least one pulverulent pigment selected from the group comprising zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, iron(III) oxide, tin dioxide and also titanium dioxide in the rutile, anatase and brookite modification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating a liquid ring compressor having an impeller installed eccentrically in a compressor body, with gas being supplied to the liquid ring compressor on a suction side and gas being discharged from the liquid ring compressor on a pressure side. A liquid ring is generated in the liquid ring compressor on the inside of the compressor body by rotation of the impeller. Chambers are formed between blades of the impeller and the liquid ring and gas is drawn into these. The gas is compressed in the chambers which become smaller from the suction side to the pressure side as a result of the rotation of the eccentrically mounted impeller. The compressed gas is ejected on the pressure side. An ionic liquid is used as service liquid for generation of the liquid ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing methylamines by gas-phase reaction of methanol and ammonia as starting materials at a pressure in the range from 15 to 30 bar in the presence of heterogeneous catalyst. The starting materials are vaporized in one or more heat exchangers (1, 2, 3), superheated to produce a feed gas stream and subsequently fed into a reactor (4), with the mixing of the starting materials being able to be carried out in the feed stream to one of the heat exchangers (1, 2, 3) or at any desired position in a heat exchanger (1, 2, 3). A product gas stream comprising monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine and also reaction by-products is taken off from the reactor (4). To control the reactor inlet temperature of the starting materials to a temperature in the range from 360° C. to 370° C., all or some of the feed gas stream or the product gas stream is passed through an adjustable valve (5) in order to vary the pressure and thus the condensation temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing maleic anhydride by heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase oxidation of a hydrocarbon, which comprises feeding a hydrocarbon-comprising stream and a stream comprising oxygen or an oxygen source into a microchannel reactor and carrying out the reaction to form maleic anhydride in the explosive range in the microchannel reactor comprising the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention concerns stabilized solid or liquid enzyme formulation comprising at least one enzyme and at least one single-cell protein.

Abstract: 6-Phenyl-7-aminotriazolopyrimidines of the formula I in which the substituents are as defined below: R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, cycloalkenyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkynyl or phenyl, naphthyl, or a five- or six-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle, which comprises one to four heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S, R2 is alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, cycloalkenyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkynyl or phenyl, naphthyl, or a five- or six-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle which comprises one to four heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S, R3,R4,R5,R6,R7 are hydrogen or one of the groups mentioned under R2, R4, together with R3 or R6, may also form a five- or six-membered saturated or unsaturated ring which, in addition to carbon atoms, may comprise one to three further heteroatoms from the group consisting of O,

Abstract: An aqueous effect pigment paste comprising (A) at least one effect pigment, (B) at least one graft copolymer in dispersion in an aqueous medium and preparable by subjecting at least one monomer (a) in an aqueous dispersion of at least one polyurethane (B1) containing at least one lateral and/or at least one terminal ethenylarylene group and preparable by reacting (1) at least one polyurethane prepolymer (B11) containing at least one free isocyanate group with (2) at least one adduct (B12), obtainable by reacting (2.1) at least one ethenylarylene monoiso-cyanate (B121) and (2.

Abstract: An aqueous coating material curable physically, thermally, or both thermally and with actinic radiation, comprising A) at least one ionically and/or nonionically stabilized polyurethane which is saturated, unsaturated and/or grafted with olefinically unsaturated compounds, as binder, B) at least one color and/or effect pigment, and C) at least one colorless, transparent or opaque powder which is substantially inert with respect to the other constituents of the coating material and whose particles have an average size of from 1.0 to 10.0 ?m and a density of from 0.8 to 3.6 g cm?3; and its use for producing single-coat and multicoat color and/or effect paint systems on primed and unprimed substrates.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a reaction product of a) an asymmetrical, saturated polyisocyanate that is non-cyclic, non-aromatic, and has at least 3 carbon atoms in the polyisocyanate per isocyanate group, b) a material that is at least one of i) a primary carbamate material having at least one functional group reactive with an isocyanate and at least one primary carbamate group or a group convertible to a primary carbamate group and ii) a reaction product of the primary carbamate material and an extending agent, and c) optionally, a chain extension agent that has at least difunctional reactivity with an isocyanate. Also, methods of making these compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polyacrylic acids which contain organic terminal groups containing sulphur, comprising at least two carbon atoms, having an average molecular weight Mw of 5 000-30 000 g/mol and which are at least partially neutralized by a base which is selected from the group of alkali hydroxides and ammonia as auxiliary agents for wet grinding of calcium carbonate. The invention also relates to fine particle aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate which are produced by wet grinding of calcium carbonate in the presence of said polyacrylic acids.

Abstract: Powder slurries curable thermally and with actinic radiation and comprising solid and/or highly viscous particles dimensionally stable under storage and application conditions, comprising (A) a binder free of carbon-carbon double bonds activatable with actinic radiation, comprising at least one (meth)acrylate copolymer containing on average per molecule at least one isocyanate-reactive functional group and at least one ion-forming group, (B) at least one blocked and/or part-blocked polyisocyanate, and (C) at least one olefinically unsaturated constituent which is free of isocyanate-reactive functional groups and contains on average per molecule more than four carbon-carbon double bonds activatable with actinic radiation; processes for preparing them, and their use.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of water-soluble polymers of N-vinylcarboxamides contain, based on 100 parts of water, (A) from 5 to 80 parts by weight of water-soluble polymer containing N-vinylformamide units and/or N-vinylacetamide units and having particle sizes of from 50 nm to 2 ?m and (B) from 1 to 50 parts by weight of at least one polymeric dispersant which is incompatible with the water-soluble polymers (A) in aqueous solution, which dispersions are prepared by polymerizing (A) from 5 to 80 parts by weight of N-vinylformamide and/or N-vinylacetamide, if desired together with other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which form water-soluble polymers therewith, and (B) from 1 to 50 parts by weight of at least one polymeric dispersant which is incompatible with the polymers, formed from the monomers (A), in aqueous solution, in 100 parts by weight of water, at from 30 to 95° C. in the presence of from 0.001 to 5.

Abstract: An aqueous thermosetting primer composition includes a polyurethane polymer, an acrylic polymer polymerized in a wax having crosslinkable functionality, and a crosslinking component that is reactive with the wax and at least one of the polyurethane polymer and the acrylic polymer. The polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature of 0° C. or less. The acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature that is at least about 20° C. higher than the glass transition temperature of polyurethane resin. The invention further provides a composite coating having as a primer layer a cured layer of the primer composition of the invention and having at least one topcoat layer.

Abstract: Neutralizing a surfactant which is comprised of an alkaline-catalyzed reaction product between a monomeric or polymeric alcohol having at least one active hydrogen group and an alkylene oxide with a fatty acid allows the cloud point of the surfactant to be adjusted.

Abstract: A fixed-bed reactor is described for carrying out reactions of fluid reaction mixtures in the presence of a particulate heterogeneous catalyst having a structured packing which forms interstices in the reactor interior, in which the quotient of the hydraulic diameter for the fluid flow through the structured packing and the equivalent diameter of the catalyst particles is in the range from 2 to 20, preferably in the range from 5 to 10, to such an extent that the catalyst particles are introduced into the interstices, loosely distributed and discharged under the action of gravity.