Abstract: Polyisobutenamines of the formula I: R—X??(I) where R is a polyisobutenyl radical having a number average molecular weight Mn of from 500 to 1500 and a polydispersity Mw/ Mn of less than 1.4 and X is an organic radical having amino groups, are prepared and are used as detergent additives in fuel compositions. Additive concentrates contain at least one polyisobutenamine in an amount of from 0.1 to 80% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of highly reactive polyisobutenes with a content of terminal vinylidene groupings of greater than 80 mol % and an average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 Dalton by cationic polymerization of isobutene or of isobutene and monomers copolymerizable with isobutene in the presence of solvent-stabilized transition metal complexes with weakly coordinated anions.

Abstract: Ester mixture comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C10 alcohol component composed of 2-propylheptanol or composed of a C10 alcohol mixture composed of 2-propylheptanol and of at least one of the C10 alcohols 2-propyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-propyl-5-methylhexanol, 2-isopropylheptanol, 2-isopropyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-isopropyl-5-methylhexanol, and/or 2-propyl-4,4-dimethylpentanol, and comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C7 alcohol component composed of n-heptanol or composed of an alcohol mixture composed of n-heptanol with at least one of the C7 alcohols 2-methylhexanol and/or 2-ethylpentanol, where the aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid has been selected from the group consisting of citric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and trimellitic acid, and polyvinyl chloride composition comprising this ester mixture.

Abstract: Imidazolium methylsulfites of the general formula (I) where the radicals have, independently of one another, the following meanings: R1 to R3: hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, amino, aminocarbonyl, sulfo, cyano, nitro; C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C2-C20-alkynyl, C1-C20-alkyloxy, C2-C20-alkenyloxy, C2-C20-alkynyloxy, C1-C20-alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-alkyloxycarbonyl, C1-C20-acyloxy, C1-C20-alkylaminocarbonyl, di(C1-C20-alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C1-C20-alkylamino, di(C1-C20-alkyl)amino, C1-C20-alkylsulfonyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, where the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cycloalkyl groups mentioned can be substituted and/or have their CH2 groups replaced by oxygen; phenyl, phenoxy, where these can in turn be substituted; R4: sulfo; C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C2-C20-alkynyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, where the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cycloalkyl groups mentioned can be substituted and/or have their CH2 groups replaced by oxygen; phenyl, where this can be substituted; or R1 together with R4, and/or R2 together with R3, or R4

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds, which comprises reacting compounds comprising an sp3-hybridized nitrogen atom with a dialkyl sulfate or trialkyl phosphate and subjecting the resulting ammonium compound to an anion exchange.

Abstract: Copolymers prepared by copolymerization of (a) a total of from 3.5 to 20% by weight of at least one polymerizable acid selected from (a1) ethylenically unsaturated C3-C10-monocarboxylic acid and (a2) ethylenically unsaturated C4-C10-dicarboxylic acid or their anhydrides, (b) from 4 to 10% by weight of at least one compound of the general formula I the sum of (a) and (b) being in the range from 7.5 to 24% by weight, (c) from 60 to 92.5% by weight of at least one compound of the general formula II (d) from 0 to 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) catalysts, d) blowing agents, e) if desired, auxiliaries and additives, wherein the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups comprise at least one polar graft polyol.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of chemically unmodified amylose-type starch products as sizing agent for sizing natural and/or synthetic yarns. The invention also relates to a process for sizing natural and/or synthetic yarns using chemically modified amylose-type starch products as sizing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an initiator composition for anionic polymerization, comprising at least one alkali metal hydride selected from LiH, NaH, and KH, and at least one organylaluminum compound, and to a process for the anionic polymerization of styrene monomers or of diene monomers using the initiator composition.

Abstract: Substituted 7- to 12-membered cycloalkanes which have leaving groups, in particular chlorine atoms, on tertiary ring carbons, a process for preparing them and their use as initiators for cationic polymerization, in particular the cationic polymerization of isobutene are described. Preferred compounds are 1,4-dichloro-1,4-dimethylcyclooctane, 1,5-dichloro-1,5-dimethylcyclooctane and mixtures thereof. They are prepared by addition of hydrogen chloride onto appropriately substituted cycloalkapolyenes.

Abstract: A process for cleaning apparatus in which (meth)acrylic acid-containing organic solvents have been treated and/or generated and contain fouling and/or polymer and residues of organic solvent, in which the apparatus contents are subjected to a steam distillation in the apparatus.

Abstract: Fungicidal mixtures comprising, as active components, 1) the triazolopyrimidine derivative of the formula I and 2) cyproconazole of the formula II, in a synergistically effective amount, methods for controlling harmful fungi from the class of the Oomycetes using mixtures of the compound I with the compound II, the use of the compound I with the compound II for preparing such mixtures and compositions comprising these mixtures are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of composite elements composed of at least one outer layer a) and of an rigid isocyanate-based foam b), where between the outer layer a) and the rigid isocyanate-based foam b) an adhesion promoter c) has been applied, and where the outer layer a) is continuously moved and the adhesion promoter c) and the starting material for the rigid isocyanate-based foam b) are applied successively to the outer layer, which comprises applying the adhesion promoter c) by means of a rotating plate which has been installed horizontally or with a deviation of up to 15° from horizontal, preferably parallel to the outer layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coarsely divided microcapsule preparation with particles whose particle sizes are in the range from 200 ?m to 5 cm, comprising microcapsules with a capsule core of latent heat storage material and a thermosetting polymer as capsule wail and one or more polymeric binders whose binder polymer has thermoplastic properties and film-forming properties under processing conditions, where the binder content, calculated as solid, is 1-30% by weights based on the total weight of the coarsely divided microcapsule preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of absorbing and/or storing gases, in which the gas to be stored is brought into contact with an electrochemically prepared metal-organic framework under conditions suitable for absorption of the gas, with absorption of the gas into the metal-organic framework occurring, and, if appropriate, the conditions are subsequently changed so that release of the stored gas occurs.

Abstract: A continuous sheet having a combination of acidic and basic water-absorbing resin particles that are essentially not neutralized and can be continuously manufactured on conventional papermaking apparatus, using a wet, dry, or wet-dry process to manufacture a water-absorbent sheet-like substrate containing 50%-100% by weight of the combination of acidic and basic water-absorbent particles. The acidic and basic essentially unneutralized resins can be contained in the sheet material articles of the present invention as separate acidic and basic resin particles, or as multicomponent particles containing both the acidic and basic resins. The sheet materials can be manufactured having new and unexpected structural integrity, with little or no shakeout or loss of superabsorbent particles during or after manufacture while exhibiting exceptional water absorption and retention properties.

Abstract: A high solids, non-aqueous dispersion, clearcoat composition is disclosed, comprising a functional polymer selected from the group consisting of a) carbamate-functional polymers and b) hydroxyl-functional polymers; c) a curing agent selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resins and blocked polyisocyanates; and d) a weak non-polar solvent, wherein the coating is high solids, substantially clear and transparent, and further comprises a dispersed phase and a continuous phase.

Abstract: A method of delivering a fluid containing at least one (meth)acrylic monomer by a pump in which a pump cavity and drive compartment are separated by a separator compartment filled with a barrier medium at elevated pressure and that is sealed with double-acting slide ring packings.

Abstract: This invention provides cyanobacteria as an alternative source of ahas and pds genes for plant transformations and for selectable markers. In particular, it provides for cyanobacteria, for example, Synechocystis, as a source of genes encoding herbicide insensitive proteins, and elements of genes for control of expression in plastids. Nucleic acid fragments, both the acetolactate synthase (ahas) large subunit and the ahas small subunit, were found to provide herbicide resistance. Also, the present invention provides novel Synechocystis mutant phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene conferring resistance to 4?-fluoro-6[(alpha,alpha,alpha,-trifluoro-m-tolyl)oxy]-picolinamide, a bleaching herbicide. The present invention provides improvements to method involving cyanobacteria for the screening of compounds, including a new high-through-put protocol that is a rapid and cost effective way to identify target site genes.

Abstract: The invention relates to hosts containing constructs with genes from the starch pathway. More typically the present invention relates to bacterial hosts that form plant like starches. Additionally the present invention relates to plant hosts that have genes from the starch pathway. The invention further relates to the starches produced by said hosts.