Abstract: A polymerizable solid aliphatic polyurethane containing olefinically unsaturated double bonds, having a very narrow melting range within the temperature range from 40 to 200° C., which is preparable from A) at least one linear aliphatic diisocyanate, B) at least one aliphatic compound containing at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups and/or water, and C) at least one olefinically unsaturated compound containing an isocyanate-reactive functional group, and its use as a powder coating material or for preparing powder coating materials.

Abstract: Process for producing a 1-butene-containing C4-hydrocarbon stream (1-C4= stream) from a 1-butene- and 2-butene-containing C4-hydrocarbon stream (1- and 2-C4= feed stream) whose 1-butene content is lower than that of the 1-C4= stream, by

Abstract: Composite elements have the following layer structure: (i) from 2 to 20 mm of metal, (ii) from 10 to 300 mm of polyisocyanate polyaddition products obtainable by reacting (a) isocyanates with (b) compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates in the presence of from 1 to 50% by volume, based on the volume of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, of at least one gas (c) and also, if desired, (d) catalysts and/or (f) auxiliaries and/or additives, (iii) from 2 to 20 mm of metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing primary amines by hydrogenating nitrites in the presence of a catalyst comprising cobalt and optionally, in addition, nickel and also at least one further doping metal on a particulate support material, the cobalt and, if present, the nickel having an average particle size of from 3 to 30 nm in the active catalyst. The invention further relates to the use of the catalyst in a process for preparing primary amines by hydrogenating nitrites.

Abstract: The core/jacket catalyst molding with a core made from an inorganic support material and with a jacket made from a catalytically active material can be prepared by coextruding an aqueous molding composition which comprises the support material or a precursor thereof, with an aqueous molding composition which comprises the catalytically active material or a precursor thereof, then drying the coextrudate, and then calcining the dried coextrudate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of cleaving lactones optionally having functional groups to give carboxylic acids, where the corresponding lactone is reacted with hydrogen with catalysis by a compound of a metal of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements which has been modified with organophosphines. The process is preferably carried out in a two-phase system using catalysts which have water-soluble phosphine ligands. The reaction is particularly suitable for cleavage 2-ethylidene-6-hepten-5-olide to give ethylidene-6-heptenecarboxylic acid or isomers thereof. This carboxylic acid can be hydrogenated in a manner known per se to give 2-ethylheptanoic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous pigment preparations containing i) at least one copolymer P of ethylenically unsaturated monomers M in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion which contains between 0.1 and 1.5 weight %, in relation to the total weight of the copolymer P, of polymerized itaconic acid as acid monomer M1, its salts and/or anhydride, where up to 50 weight % of the itaconic acid can be substituted by another monomer having at least one acid group or a neutralized acid group, and whose glass transition temperature TG lies between −10 and +50° C.; ii) at least one inorganic pigment; iii) possibly inorganic fillers; and iv) standard additives. The invention also relates to the use of the copolymers P containing itaconic acid for improving the wet-abrasion resistance of polymer-bound coatings containing pigments.

Abstract: A retroreflective coating system and a method of providing the coating system on a substrate are disclosed. The method includes applying a color-providing composition, such as a pigmented basecoat composition, and applying a clearcoat composition. After application and cure, the color-providing composition forms a color-providing film layer, and the clearcoat composition forms a clearcoat film layer. The color-providing composition and the clearcoat composition are cross-linkable. Either one, or both, of the color-providing composition and the clearcoat composition include retroreflective microspheres. The color-providing composition is applied to the substrate to form an uncured film layer of the color-providing composition. Next, the clearcoat composition is applied wet-on-wet to the uncured film layer of the color-providing composition such that an uncured film layer of the clearcoat composition is formed on the uncured film layer of the color-providing composition.

Abstract: Mixtures of primary amines of the formula (I) X—CH2—NH2  (I) and secondary amines of the formula (II) (X—CH2—)2NH  (II) where X is C1-20-alkyl, C2-20-alkenyl or C3-8-cycloalkyl which may be unsubstituted or substituted by C1-20-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C4-20-alkylcycloalkyl, C4-20-cycloalkylalkyl, C2-20-alkoxyalkyl, C6-14-aryl, C7-20-alkylaryl, C7-20-aralkyl, C1-20-alkoxy, hydroxy, C1-20-hydroxyalkyl, amino, C1-20-alkylamino, C2-20-dialkylamino, C2-12-alkenylamino. C3-8-cycloalkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, aryl-C1-8-alkylamino, halogen, mercapto, C2-20-alkenyloxy, C3-8-cycloalkoxy, aryloxy and/or C2-8-alkoxycarbonyl are prepared by reacting nitriles of the formula (III) X—CN  (III) with hydrogen at from 50 to 250° C. and pressures of from 5 to 350 bar in the presence of a Pd-containing catalyst comprising, based on the total weight of the catalyst, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of Pd on a support.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a zeolite catalyst comprises thermal treatment of the catalyst at above 120° C. in the presence of a gas stream comprising hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a reaction product (RP) which is functionalized by groups containing halogen or sulfonyl chloride by reaction of at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer, at least one compound of the formula (I), at least one free-radical initiator and at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer containing halogen or sulfonyl chloride groups under free-radical conditions, and to a reaction product (RP) which can be prepared by the process of the present invention and to the use of the reaction product (RP) as macroinitiator for the preparation of graft copolymers. Furthermore the invention relates to a process for preparing graft copolymers by reaction of the reaction product (RP) with at least one suitable monomer and to graft copolymers which can be prepared by the process of the present invention and also to the use of the graft copolymers of the present invention.

Abstract: The mixture contains (a) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of a poly(C2-20-carboxylic acid) having at least one tertiary amino group with secondary amines and (b) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of maleic anhydride and a primary alkylamine.

Abstract: The invention relates to powder coating material curable with high-energy radiation, comprising an unsaturated polyester resin (A) and a polymeric crosslinker (B) containing, based on the polymer main chain, terminal and/or pendant propenyl, butenyl and/or isoprenyl groups. The unsaturated polyester resin (A) and/or the polymeric crosslinker (B) comprise structural units of the general formula I and/or II. These novel powder coating materials are curable with high-energy radiation, preferably UV light, and are notable in particular for a very good viscosity stability during the preparation, in the melt, of the resins and the compounding of the coating materials, for outstanding coating properties, and for a low oxygen sensitivity on curing. The films resulting after the cure, moreover, exhibit outstanding elasticity.

Abstract: In a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of a carbonyl compound or a mixture of two or more carbonyl compounds in the presence of catalyst tablets which comprise an inorganic, TiO2-containing support and, as active component, copper or a mixture of copper with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, cerium, nobel metals and metals of transition group VIII and whose copper surface area is not more than 10 m2/g, the diameter d and/or the height h of the tablets is less than 3 mm.

Abstract: A process for producing scratch-resistant coatings comprises applying at least one UV-curable coating composition comprising as its photochemically crosslinkable constituent at least one aliphatic urethane (meth)acrylate prepolymer PU having at least two double bonds per molecule, or a mixture of at least one urethane (meth)acrylate prepolymer PU and at least one reactive diluent, to the target substrate and curing the resulting wet coating by exposure to ultraviolet radiation under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: Electrolysis cell consisting of 2 monopolar electrodes and one or more intermediate bipolar electrodes, where the one monopolar electrode and the parts of the bipolar electrodes charged in the same sense thereto together form the working electrode and the other monopolar electrode and the parts of the bipolar electrodes charged in the same sense thereto together form the counter electrode the space between counter and working electrode is undivided the surface of the counter electrode consists of electrochemically active and inactive parts the sum of the electrochemically active parts of the surface of the counter electrode is smaller by a large amount than that of the electrochemically active parts of the surface of the working electrode.

Abstract: The surfaces of apparatuses and apparatus parts for chemical plant construction, including, for example, apparatus, container and reactor walls, discharge apparatuses, fittings, pumps, filters, compressors, centrifuges, columns, heat exchangers, dryers, comminuting machines, internals, packings and mixing elements, are coated by a process wherein protuberances having a mean height of from 100 nm to 50 &mgr;m with a mean spacing of from 100 nm to 100 &mgr;m are produced on the surface to be coated and the coating is applied thereon by currentless deposition of a metal layer or of a metal-polymer dispersion layer with the aid of a plating bath which contains a metal electrolyte, a reducing agent and optionally a polymer or polymer blend to be deposited, in dispersed form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a terpyridine compound of the formula I by obtaining a C1-C4-alkyl pyridine-2-carboxylate derivative by acid hydrolysis of a 2-cyanopyridine derivative by means of an anhydrous inorganic acid or its anhydride in the presence of water and a C1-C4-alkanol, with an equimolar amount of water being added to the 2-cyanopyridine derivative prior to addition of the anhydrous inorganic acid or its anhydride, subsequently condensing the resultant C1-C4-alkyl pyridine-2-carboxylate derivative with acetone in an aprotic solvent in the presence of a base, then reacting the obtained 1,5-bis(2-pyridyl)pentane-1,3,5-trione derivative with ammonia or ammonium salts (NH4)qY with removal of the water of reaction formed by employing a C1-C4-alkanol as an entrainer, and finally chlorinating the resultant 2,6-bis(2-pyridyl)-4(1H)pyridinone derivative in the presence of phosphorus oxide chloride.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a method of forming high resilience slabstock polyurethane foam having random cell structures and displaying latex-like feel and characteristics with superior physical performance to latex foam, including complying with California Technical Bulletin 117 and British Standard 5852:Crib 5 flame tests. The method includes the first step of providing an isocyanate-reactive component and an isocyanate component substantially free of toluene diisocyanate comprising diphenylmethane-2,4′-diisocyanate present in an amount of from 15 parts by weight to 55 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the isocyanate component and diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate present in an amount from 45 parts by weight to 85 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the isocyanate component to react with the isocyanate-reactive component.

Abstract: Genetically engineered modification of potato for suppressing the formation of amylose-type starch is described. Three fragments for insertion in the antisense direction into the potato genome are also described. Moreover, antisense constructs, genes and vectors comprising said antisense fragments are described. Further a promoter for the gene coding for formation of granule-bound starch synthase and also the gene itself are described. Also cells, plants, tubers, microtubers and seeds of potato comprising said antisense fragments are described. Finally, amylopectin-type starch, both native and derivatised, derived from the potato that is modified in a genetically engineered manner, as well as a method of suppressing amylose formation in potato are described.