Abstract: The invention relates to special amyloses for producing biodegradable, clear, transparent and flexible plastic, in particular sheets and films, whicha) are swellable, but not soluble, in cold water;b) yield homogenous, flowable quasi-solutions without formation of gels if they are heated, with stirring, to temperatures above 80.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure; during cooling to a temperature of 50.degree. C., this state is maintained for at least five minutes, without gel formation or retrogradation, and the solution in a concentration between 5 and 25% is applicable to knife coating onto a plane surface with a gap width between 100 and 700 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new kind of hydroxyfatty-acid-based monomers which are suited for producing plastics and which are obtained by reacting the esters of hydroxyl-group-containing fatty acids or the esters or salts of amino-group-containing fatty acids with appropriate bifunctional compounds that are capable of reacting with hydroxyl or amino groups, the reaction being such that always two molecules of such fatty acid esters are linked together via the hydroxyl groups or the amino groups by means of the bifunctional compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of producing symmetrically structured difatty acid diamines by reacting mixtures of fatty acids or their esters with diamines, isolating the symmetrical difatty acid diamides from the reaction mixture by making use of their different solubilities and concentrating them by recrystallisation if necessary. The invention also provides for a process of isolating a fatty acid from a mixture of fatty acids wherein the difatty acid diamides produced in the process of the invention are saponified to yield the corresponding free fatty acid.

Abstract: A method of making pn CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells, in which a transparent TCO layer is deposited as a front contact on a transparent substrate in the form of inexpensive soda-lime glass, and is preferably provided with an ultra-thin indium layer, which is in turn coated with the CdS layer, wherein the thus coated substrate is brought to the CdTe coating at a temperature between 480.degree. C. and 520.degree. C., which is maintained during the ensuing rapid CdTe deposition using the close-spaced sublimation method with a preferred rate of deposition of 5 to 15 .mu.m/min in an inert atmosphere. The indium layer dissolves during this deposition and effects the necessary n-doping of the CdS layer, without an additional method step. Solar cells can be made in this way with high efficiency in an inexpensive method, suitable for mass production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plastics that can be obtained by reacting unsaturated and/or hydroxyl-group-containing fatty acids or their esters or mixtures of various such fatty acids and esters with bifunctional ester-forming and/or amide-forming compounds and, if necessary, subsequently converting ethylenic double bonds, to give difatty acid diamides, difatty acid diesters, difatty acid amide esters, monofatty acid amide amines or monofatty acid amide alcohols as monomer components which contain at least two reactive groups suited for linkage to give polymers, in particular ethylenic double bonds, hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups or amino groups, and by linking the said compounds in the known way via a second group of bifunctional compounds that are capable of reacting with these free reactive groups to give the desired plastics.

Abstract: Solvents for agents or neutralizing media known in and of themselves for efficient, environmentally safe mass deacidification of books and other paper products, in the form of methylsiloxanes having at least two and maximally four silicon atoms, are a replacement for the previously used, environmentally unfavorable solvents such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons, whereby these special organosiloxanes are suitable to the same degree for use as solvents as well as for application in the recommended, efficient process and cause as little damage as possible to the books.

Abstract: A method of producing an ion sensitive working electrode for a heavy metal ion sensor, the ion sensitive working electrode including a mixture of Ag.sub.2 S and MeS in which Me represents a heavy metal to be determined in a solution to be measured, the method including applying a conductive layer onto a substrate using at least one thick-film technique selected from the group consisting essentially of screen printing and film casting; applying a layer comprised of a plurality of juxtaposed sections on top of the conductive layer, each section of the plurality of juxtaposed sections being comprised of a mixture of Ag.sub.

Abstract: Heat dissipating devices for electronic component semiconductor chips are provided in the form of channels or grooves which are either integrated in the underside of the semiconductor chip or are formed in an additional thin semiconductor chip which has larger dimensions than the component chip and which is disposed between the underside of the component chip and the mounting base for the component chip. The channels are filled with a meltable material which is subjected to a heat absorbing phase conversion at temperatures which are critical for semiconductor component operation. In this way, short-term heat peaks in particular, can be reliably dissipated. Preferably, the channels are formed by micromechanical etching techniques and are preferably filled to the desired degree by a spin coating process.

Abstract: The process of detecting the presence on a surface of at least one of bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide and bis(2-chloroethyl)imine, including (a) providing a solution comprising at least one dyestuff selected from the group consisting of brilliant blue R, guinea green B, neutral red, and lissamine green B, which at least one dyestuff is capable of fluorescing and is capable, when applied as a solution, of forming an adduct with at least one of bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide and bis(2-chloroethyl)imine when present on a surface, which at least one adduct, is capable of fluorescing in a spectral range which is different from that of the corresponding at least one dyestuff; (b) applying the solution to the surface; (c) irradiating the surface onto which the solution has been applied with light having a wavelength effective to excite the at least one dyestuff and, when present, the at least one adduct, and induce light emission by fluorescence therefrom; (d) measuring the wavelength of the light emitted from the surface; and

Abstract: The method serves for measuring the profile of a rough, reflecting surface as a function of the distance between each point of this profile and a polychromatic light source. This object is reached, e.g., by forming a flat light bundle from the light of this source and imagining it on the profile by means of a chromatic lens element. This leads to a light band of different colors, which indicate the profile contour. Analysis by means of a spectral-dispersive apparatus reconstructs the contour profile of the object.

Abstract: A reversible storage of media, which includes a storage core, an intermediate storage, a catalyst and a protective sheathing. With the opening of the protective sheathing, the stored medium is heated in the catalyst layer, which is caused by the resulting oxygen admission. The storage gets by without any outside heat source, since the binding energy in the intermediate storage is much smaller than that of the main storage, so that the intermediate storage acts as a starter for the reaction. The storage is especially used for heating food including beverages, for heat treating patients in shock and as a quick responding hydrogen storage for release of hydrogen without the input of outside energy.

Abstract: Method for producing tarnish-resistant and oxidation-resistant sheets, billets, rods, tubes, profiles or wires for tarnish-resistant and oxidation-resistant structural components which tolerate thermal and mechanical stresses, of copper or silver as matrix material exhibiting a high conductivity and a high softening temperature. The method includes preparing a copper or silver melt by adding, to the copper or silver, stoichiometric amounts of boron and zirconium whereby the stoichiometric amounts comprise additions of 0.3 to 0.6 weight percent of zirconium and 0.1 to 0.2 weight percent of boron, resulting in a fine dispersion melt of less than 1 volume percent of ZrB.sub.2 in the copper or silver. Subsequently, the fine dispersion melt is processed into semifinished products using continuous casting units or continuous rolling units.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of producing a molding compound on the basis of starch and a plasticizer starting product, characterized in that the starch and the plasticizer starting product are simultaneously reacted with ethylene oxide in one and the same reaction vessel.

Abstract: A solid state electrode for the determination of sodium ion concentrations in solutions, with a solid state electrolyte having a high conductivity for sodium ions being provided as the sodium sensitive membrane. The solid state electrode and a reference electrode forms a sensor.The advantages of the sensor of invention are, in particular, high selectivity combined with economical production in thick-film technology. The sensor may be constructed in cylindridcal form.

Abstract: A shaped charge for missiles which are provided for defeating armored vehicles in such a manner that the flight path of the missile is beside, below or above the target. The warhead is ignited at an instant when the missile is either beside, below or above a weakly armored portion of the target. The shaped charge is characterized by a hollow body (liner), which is surrounded by an explosive charge. To compensate for the velocity of the missile, the explosive charge is designed such that the charge axis forms an angle with the axis of the inner counter of the hollow body (liner), and such that sections in planes normal to the axis of the inner liner contour have circular or elliptic cross sections. The liner may be designed in a way that the axes of the inner and the outer contours can be translated with respect to each other and/or inclined by a small angle toward each other. Also the cone angles of the inner and outer contours of the liner may be different.

Abstract: A method for the synthesis of an oxide high-temperature superconductor of defined composition by sintering of the starting oxides, wherein sintering is effected in a chemically and phyically closed system by generating a preset oxygen partial pressure through the use of peroxide additives, and the oxidic starting mixture is chemically shielded against the container material and stabilized thermodynamically.

Abstract: Acoustic sensor device with noise suppression, in particular for sensors arranged on a noise-generating aggregate, using a double sensor (M1, M2) located between a noise source (S) and an object emitting the sound to be picked up, one of the sensors (M1) being directed towards the noise source (S) and supplying to a control circuit (R) a noise signal which controls an anti-noise source (A) in such a way that it generates an anti-phase sound p.sub.A for compensating the noise p.sub.S, the other sensor (M2) being directed toward the object to be measured and supplying a measuring signal in which the noise fraction is highly weakened and the useful sound fraction is barely weakened, so that the acquisition range of the sensor (M2) is extended as a result of this reduction of sound fractions as a function of the direction of arrival.

Abstract: Process for the detection of a chemical warfare agent, in which a detection reagent able to fluoresce is brought into contact with the chemical warfare agent, which reacts with the chemical warfare agent so that the fluorescent light emitted by the detection agent changes. A detection reagent is used which undergoes this change because of solvent effects. The advantages of the process reside especially in the fact that, not only, as in the prior art, can LOST be detected but now also VX can be detected.

Abstract: An arrangement for cooling the gun barrel of a combat tank wherein the gun barrel is provided with helical cooling channels on its outer surface, and an insulation layer on at least the inner circumferential surfaces of the cooling channels. This reduces the IR signature of the gun barrel during combat and avoids deformation of the barrel under the influence of radiation from the sun.

Abstract: Device which serves to atomize a solid or liquid medium with the aid of a standing ultrasonic wave that is generated between two ultrasonic transmitters. This allows one to tune the standing ultrasonic wave automatically when the temperature of the medium or other process parameters should change.